Objective Peking University Health Science Center,together with Keio University,King's College London and Karolinska Institutet developed a cooperative medical research summer school.It integrates the education methods of lectures,lab rotations and visits etc.,which forms a special model.This study aims to analyze and evaluate the effect,prospect and space for further improvement of the summer school.Methods Program documents review and evaluation,interview and questionnaire survey to teachers as well as students who engaged in such program.Results The sum mer school enhances the research cooperation and communication among faculties and students from participating universities;it is highly appraised by participating teachers and students;students are particularly satisfied in the following aspects:gain knowledge and skills in cross-cultural communication,develop global health knowledge,gain knowledge and skills in research,and also enhance the sense of commitment in research.Conclusions The research summer school can improve the postgrad uate education standard,promote scientific cooperation,and improve students' research capacity.However,there are still some space for further improvement,such as improve the recruitment process;enhance the platform support;strengthen the evaluation,feedback and follow up system;further develop the program in depth and breadth.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic minitrephination combined with endoscopic frontal sinusotomy in the management of complex chronic frontal sinusitis. METHOD: Twenty-six patients suffering from chronic frontal sinusitis with complex frontal drainage approach were analyzed. Eleven patients (13 sides) received endoscopic minitrephination combined with endoscopic frontal sinusotomy, while the other 15 patients (18 sides) received endoscopic frontal sinusotomy only. Postoperatively all cases were followed up to evaluate the efficacy. RESULT: The ostia of frontal sinus were successfully opened in the group of patients received endoscopic minitrephination combined with endoscopic frontal sinusotomy without any complications. In the endoscopic frontal sinusotomy only group, three cases of complications were observed, one with the injury of anterior ethmoidal artery and the other two with the injury of papyraceous lamina. After 10 to 24 months of follow up postoperatively, the symptoms were relieved in all cases without recurrence. The combined surgery group with endoscopic minitrephination showed an endoscopic frontal sinus patency rate of 85%, and the endoscopic frontal sinusotomy only group exhibited an endoscopic frontal sinus patency rate of 83%. CONCLUSION Endoscopic minitrephination combined with endoscopic frontal sinusotomy is a simple, convenient, safe and effective method for management of complex chronic frontal sinusitis.
Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Frontal Sinus ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Trephining ; methods ; Young Adult

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating diseases in neurosurgery with high mortality and morbidity. Brain edema, neuroinflammation and other related secondary injuries induced by red blood cell lysates such as hemoglobin, bilirubin and peroxidase after intracerebral hemorrhage may be key targets for poor prognosis and treatment; therefore, this article reviews the latest recent advance in the above contents as follows, in order to provide new ideas for the mechanism research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with ICH.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating diseases in neurosurgery with high mortality and morbidity. Brain edema, neuroinflammation and other related secondary injuries induced by red blood cell lysates such as hemoglobin, bilirubin and peroxidase after intracerebral hemorrhage may be key targets for poor prognosis and treatment; therefore, this article reviews the latest recent advance in the above contents as follows, in order to provide new ideas for the mechanism research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with ICH.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of 3D-printed guide plate assisted versus freehand placement of cannulated screws for the treatment of Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 29 patients with Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures admitted to Chonggang General Hospital from June 2020 to October 2022. Among them, there were 18 males and 11 females, with an age range of 22-69 years [(40.1±11.5)years]. Nineteen patients were treated with individualized 3D-printed guide plate assisted placement of cannulated screws (3D-printed group) and 10 were treated with freehand placement of cannulated screws (freehand group). The surgical time, fluoroscopy times, postoperative 6-month calcaneal morphology (length, width, height, B?hler angle and Gissane angle), and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and Maryland functional score assessed at 3, 6 months after operation and at the final follow-up were compared between the two groups. The incision healing and complications were observed.Results:The patients were followed up for 6-24 months [(11.3±2.5)months]. The surgical time and fluoroscopy times in the 3D-printed group were (53.4±9.1)minutes and (7.3±1.1)times, respectively, which were shorter than (90.2±16.0)minutes and (16.0±3.2)times in the freehand group (all P<0.01). At 6 months after operation, there was no significant difference in calcaneal length between the two groups ( P>0.05); the calcaneal width, height, B?hler angle and Gissane angle in the 3D-printed group [(34.0±1.8)mm, (47.2±1.6)mm, (27.8±1.0)°, (129.2±2.8)°] were superior than those in the freehand group [(37.5±2.0)mm, (43.0±2.7)mm, (25.8±1.5)°, (125.9±2.5)°] (all P<0.01). At 3, 6 months after operation and at the final follow-up, the values of AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score in the 3D-printed group [(72.2±2.3)points, (79.7±2.3)points, (86.5±4.4)points] were higher than those in the freehand group [(64.2±6.9)points, (73.4±4.2)points, (81.8±3.1)points] (all P<0.05); the values of Maryland score in the 3D-printed group [(71.4±7.7)points, (84.7±2.6)points, (91.5±2.5)points] were higher than those in the freehand group [(65.2±5.6)points, (79.1±3.8)points, (87.1±2.9)points] (all P<0.05). All surgical incisions were healed in stage I. In the 3D-printed group, there were no complications regarding infection, iatrogenic vascular or nerve injury, or fixation failure after surgery. In the freehand group, one patient with lateral sural cutaneous nerve injury was resolved spontaneously without specific treatment. Conclusion:Compared with freehand placement of cannulated screws, 3D-printed guide plate assisted placement of percutaneous placement has the advantages of shorter surgical time, fewer fluoroscopy times, lower reduction loss, better ankle joint function recovery, and less complications in treating Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effect of kushenol F （KSC-F） on ulcerative colitis （UC） mice. METHODS Totally 30 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， positive drug group （sulfasalazine， 703 mg/kg）， KSC-F 50 mg/kg group （KSC-F50 group）， and KSC-F 100 mg/kg group （KSC-F100 group）， with 6 mice in each group. Except for the normal group， the mice in the remaining groups were given 3% dextran sulfate sodium solution continuously for 7 days to induce UC model. Concurrently， administration groups received corresponding drug solution intragastrically， once a day， for 10 consecutive days. During the experiment， the changes in body weight and bowel movements of the mice were observed. Disease activity index scoring was performed after the last administration. The histopathological morphology of colonic tissue was examined. The levels of inflammatory factors in the serum and colon tissue were measured. Additionally， the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors， and the protein expressions of inflammation-related proteins [interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， forkhead box O1（FOXO1）， phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI3K）， phosphorylated PI3K（p-PI3K）， p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（p38 MAPK）， phosphorylated p38 MAPK（p-p38 MPAK） and phosphorylated protein kinase B（p- Akt）] were determined in colonic tissue. RESULTS KSC-F could alleviate weight loss and colonic tissue damage in UC mice. KSC- F reduced the levels of IL-1β， IL-6， IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in serum， as well as IL-1β， IL-6， IL-17 and TNF- α in colonic tissue to varying degrees and increased the levels of IL-10 in both serum and colonic tissue （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Moreover， KSC-F decreased the expression levels of IL-1β， IL-17 and TNF-α mRNA， as well as p-PI3K， p-p38 MAPK， and p- Akt proteins in colonic tissue to varying degrees， and increased the expression levels of IL-10 mRNA and FOXO1 protein in colonic tissue （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS KSC-F effectively alleviates UC symptoms in mice by inhibiting PI3K， Akt and p38 MAPK activation， mitigating the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-1β， IL-6， TNF- α，promoting the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 secretion， and reducing inflammation-induced colonic tissue damage.