DNMT1,the main member of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family,plays a core role in maintaining and regulating tumor cell genome-wide and the local area methylation.DNMT1 is highly expressed in gynecological malignancies,which leads to abnormal DNA methylation of genes,especially high methylation of tumor suppressor genes,gene expression silencing,and malignant cell growth.

Objective To explore the effect of non-operative management in the treatment of external pancreatic fistula(EPF). Methods 18 cases of EPF underwent non-operative treatment were analyzed retrospectively . The causes of EPF, the criteria of case selection were summarized respectively. the non- operative treatments methods and the change of drainage volume after the treatment were analyzed.Results After the non-operative treatment,the drainage volume reduced gradually,and all the 18 cases were curred in 1 to 8 (averaged 5.5) months.No recurrence happened after the drainage withdrawn.There were no other severe complications except 4 pancreatic pseudocysts formation. Conclusions Non-operative treatment plays an important role in the treatment of EPF.It could reduce patients' sufferings.The choice of the method should be according to patients' condition.

Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of two methods for gas-filled and liquid-filled balloon of Swan-Ganz catheter to locate the bronchus of pulmonary air leakage. Methods All of 38 cases with pneumothorax were randomly divided into two groups. Group A : the bronchus of pulmonary air leakage were detected by injecting gas into balloon of Swan-Ganz catheter. Group B: the bronchus of pulmonary air leakage were detected by injecting physiological saline into balloon of Swan-Ganz catheter. Results The locating success rate in Group A was 89. 5% (17/19) and Group B was 94. 7% (18/19) ( P＞0. 05). The mean time of locating in Group A was (13. 3 ±4. 1) min and Group B was (9. 6 ±3. 2) min( P ＜0. 05).In Group A, the dislocation rate was 47.4% and adjacent bronchial compression rate was 68.4% , and was respectively higher than Group B 21. 1% and 26. 3% ( P ＜ 0. 05). Patients in both groups were well tolerated without any obvious adverse effects. Conclusion It is a more simple, quicker, the same safe and effective to locate the broken bronchus of pneumothorax by injecting physiological saline into balloon of Swan-Ganz catheter.

Objective To study whether solasodine hydrochloride (SBHL) could enhance the effect of arsenic trioxide in inducing apoptosis and affecting telomerase activity in cervical cancer HeLa cells. Methods Using cell culture methods, cervical cancer HeLa cells were cultured in vitro. The optimal concentration of SBHL was determined by MTT method from 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, to 320 μmol/L. HeLa cells were grown in improved RPMI1640 supplemented respectively with arsenic trioxide(5 μmol/L As2O3), As2O3(5 μmol/L)+ SBHL( 40 μmol/L) and none (control group). The growth morphology of HeLa cells was observed under phase contrast microscopy after culture for 24, 48, and 72 h. Apoptosis of HeLa cells was determined under transmission electronic microscopy. The method of MTT was used to study the cell survival percentage. The technique of flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle and cell apoptosis percentage. The method of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA) was used to determine telomerase activity of HeLa cells. Results Under phase contrast microscopy, in control group HeLa cells were round, densely packed; in As2O3 group the numbers of the cells were less, cell spacing increased; in As2O3 + SBHL group the cells shrinked significantly, nuclear fragmented as a petal-like, gap became larger. Under transmission electronic microscopy, there were rich microvillus on the cell surface in control group, cell intervals clear, immature connections, and the intervals did not close. The structure of the mitochondria in the cytoplasm was integrated. Most of the chromatin in the nucleus were, euchromatin and characteristics of apoptosis with heterochromatin increased and the chromatin condensed into masses, on the boundary of nuclear membrane. The microvillud on the cell surface were ruptured and decreased in As2O3 + SBHL group. The chromatin condensed into masses. The formation of apoptotic bodies was observed. The difference was statistically significant between groups in cell survival percentage at 24, 48, 72h(x2 = 10.39 , 13.88 , 17.21,respectively, all P < 0.05). Cell survival percentage in SBHL + As2O3 group (52.80%) was significantly less than that of As2O3 group(77.51%, x2 = 9.29, P < 0.05) at 72 h. In cell cycles, the difference was statistically significant between groups in C1 phase and S phase(F = 7.46,22.14, all P < 0.05), respectively. Compared with , control group[ (41.57 ± 1.56)%, (50.45 ± 2.37)%], cell percentages in S phase in As2O3 + SBHL group[(20.06 ± 4.98)%] and As2O3 group[(27.10 ± 5.32)%] were decreased(P< 0.05 or < 0.01), while cell percentage in C1 phase was increased[(58.70 ± 5.18)%, (69.67 ± 4.17)%, P< 0.05 or < 0.01]. The difference was statistically significant between groups in apoptotic percentage of HeLa cells (F = 4.01, P < 0.05). Compared with control group[ (1.18 ± 1.40)%], apoptosis percentage was significantly increased in As2O3 + SBHL group and As2O3 group [(21.08± 1.22)%, (6.04±2.53)%, P< 0.05 or < 0.01], respectively, and As2O3 + SBHL group was higher than As2O3 group(P < 0.01). The difference was statistically significant between groups in telomerase activity (F = 21.28, P< 0.05). Telomerase activity was inhibited in As2O3 group(1.214 ± 0.621) and As2O3A + SBHL group(0.865 ± 0.284) compared to control group (2.107 ± 0.057, all P < 0.05), and telomerase activity in As2O3 + SBHL group was lower than that of As2O3 group (P < 0.05). Conclusions SBHL enhances the effect of As2O3 in inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells, which is related to its inhibiting telomerase activity in HeLa cells.

Low zinc (1.4-1.5 ppm) ration containing saturated fat (coconut oil) was fed to weanling rats, death occurred since second week. In third week, total death was 55%. The survivors manifested severe Zn-deficiency symptoms. When they were given Zn supplement in drinking water (100 ppm Zn), the deficient symptoms disappeared quickly and body weights increased rapidly. When coconut oil was replaced by safflower oil, the rats didn't show any Zn-deficiency symptom in 4 weeks. There was no difference in Zn contents of plasma and hair between Zn-deficient rats and the normals. Adjusting fatty acids composition of dietary fat to contain linoleic acid at 20% of total fatty acids, the rats manifested Zn-deficient symptoms after 2 weeks, and Zn contents of plasma and hair were significantly lower than that of normal rats(P

Zinc deficient rats were injected subcutaneously each day for 3 weeks with 250 ?l evening primrose oil (EPO, containing 10% Y-linolenic acid and 73% linoleic acid) or safflower oil (SFO, containing 77% linoleic acid only) and compared with zinc supplemented group (ZnS) and zinc deficient group (ZnD) without injections. At the end of the experiment, rats were killed under anaesthesia, organ weights, zinc content of kidneys, blood cholesterol and fatty acid compositions were determined. The results showed animals in EPO group had the best recoveries both in deficient symptoms and in body weights,the zinc content of kidneys was the highest, the serum cholesterol level was significantly lower than those of SFO and ZnD groups, but no difference from ZnS group. The total percentage of 22-C and above(?-6)polyunsatured fatty acids was the highest among those four groups. These results indicated that?-linolenic acid was beneficial to zinc deficient rats in growth, zinc utilization and the metabolism of essential fatty acids.

Objective To explore post-operative treatment and intensive care of infants with congenital heart disease(CHD).Methods Clinical data of post-operative treatment and intensive care in 264 infants with CHD were analyzed retrospectively from May.1998 to Apr.2006.Among them,256 cases underwent radical operation,and 8 cases with palliative operation.Results Sixteen cases died early.Among them,after operation,there were 8 cases with Fallot′s syndrome,2 cases with complete atrioventricular canal anomalous,3 cases with ventricular septal defect(VSD)and pulmonary hypoplasia(PH),1 case with tricuspid atresia,1 case with single ventricle,and 1 case with persistent truncus arteriosus.Causes of death include low cardiac output,acute renal failure,degree of Ⅲ atrioventricular block(AVB),lung infection,respiratory failure and arrhythmia.One case with complete pulmonary vein ectopia was discharged due to post-opertative refractory hypercapnia;1 case with atrial septal defect(ASD)and patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) died of refractory heart failure due to high pulmonary arterial pressure 1 year after operation;1 case with tetralogy of Fallot died of lung hemorrhage after radical correct operation followed by palliative outflow tract deo-ppilant operation.Of them 245 cases alive,there were 233 cases with heart function grade Ⅰ,12 cases with grade Ⅱ.Conclusion Correct management of respiratory system,systemic electrocardial care,handling with arrhthymia on time,low cardiac output and nutritional support are the important measures in improving survival rate of infants with CHD.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of total flavonoids of propolis (TFP) on apoptosis of myocardial cells of chronic heart failure and its possible mechanism in rats.

METHODSSix male SD rats were randomly selected as normal control group, the remaining rats were made as chronic heart failure (CHF) model by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin. The rats in the successful model were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): CHF group, total flavonoids of propolis low dose group (LD group), total flavonoids of propolis middle dose group (MD group), total flavonoids of propolis high dose group (HD group), digoxin group (DIG group). After six week treatment, cardiac function indexes of rats were recorded by signal acquisition system; brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) content in plasma were detected; Myocardial morphological changes and collagen fiber hyperplasia by HE and Masson staining were observed; Myocardial apoptosis was detected with TUNEL method and protein connexin 43(P-Cx43) expression was detected by Western blot method.

RESULTSCompared with NC group, left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and maximal rise/fall velocity of left ventriculad pressure (± dP/dt(max)) absolute value in CHF group were significantly lowered (P < 0.01) while left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was increased significantly (P < 0.01); Contents of plasma BNP, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 in the CHF group were significantly improved (P < 0.01). Compared with CHF group, LVSP, ± dP/dt(max) absolute value in MD and HD groups were increased (P < 0.05), and LVEDP was significantly lowered (P < 0.01); LVEDP in LD group was significantly lowered (P < 0.01), changes in LVSP and ± dp/dt(max) absolue value were not obvious (P > 0.05). BNP, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 contents in MD and HD groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.01), but those plasma indicator changes were not obvious in LD group (P > 0.05). Western blot showed that P-Cx43 expression in CHF group was significantly higher than that in NC group (P < 0.01) and that in all TFP treatment groups it was decreased compared with CHF group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), among which pairwise comparisons also showed differences (P < 0.05), myocardial apoptosis index (%)(22.62 ± 3.39) in CHF group was higher than that in NC group( 1.12 ± 0.24) (P < 0.01); compared with CHF group, the apoptosis index of myocardial cells (%) in LD,MD and HD groups, (15.79 + 2.8), (9.28 + 2.1) and (4.73 + 1.14) respectively, were significantly lower than those in the CHF group( P < 0.01). The expression level of P-Cx43 positively correlated with the apoptotic index (r = 0. 861, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTotal flavonaids of propolis have inhibitory effect on apoptosis of myocardial cells of chronic heart failure induced by adriamycin in rats, and the mechanism may be closely related to the regulation of Cx43 expression, especially the regulatory phosphorylation status.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Chronic Disease ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Doxorubicin ; adverse effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Phosphorylation ; Propolis ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Troponin I ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

BACKGROUND: Reports regarding adipose-derived stern cells (ADSCs) differentiation into dopaminergic (DN) neurons are few in addition, there is not experimental evidence of the effect of ADSCs on maintaining the survival of DN neurons.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of glial cell-derived neurokophic factor (GDNF)-modified adipose-derived stem cells on survival of DN neurons under co-cultured condition.DESIGN, TIME AND SETrlNG: The in vitro cytology experiment was conducted at the Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Ministry of Education between March and December 2007.MATERIALS: Wistar rats with 3-weeks-old, or 14 days of pregnancy were provided by Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University.METHODS: The GDNF recombinant adenovirus was constructed by using pAdTrackCMV and pAdEasy-1 system. DN neurons were obtained from the rostral mesencaphalic tegmentum of Wistar rat embryos by using trypsin and collagenase method. ADSCs isolated from rat inguinal fat pads were digested with collagenase Ⅱ, cultured and passaged in vitro. When the cells reached 60% cenfluency at the 3rd passage, cells were transfectad with 1×109vp/mL of Ad-GDNF for 1 hour and then transferred into growth medium for another 24 hours, and GDNF level in cell supematant was detected by ELISA assay. Meanwhile, the co-cultured of ADSCs and DN neurons were carried out for following 7 days. With GFP-modified ADSCs was served as a control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of co-cultured condition on the survival of DN neurons, as well as the differentiation of GDNF-modified ADSCs was detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS: GDNF appeared in ADSCs supematant at 24 hours after Ad-GDNF transfection and reached a peak at 72 hours.There was approximately 80% GFP-positive labeled in ADSCs. The tyrosinase hydroxylase staining results demonstrated that the rate of survival DN neurons were significantly increased than in DA neurons cultured alone, co-cultured group of GFP-modified ADSCs and GDNF-modified ADSCs groups (55%, 15%, 25%, P < 0.01). However, there were no co-expressing TH and GFP positive cells appeared at 7 days of co-culture, which indicated that the co-cultured condition was not available to ADSCs differentiation.CONCLUSION: The co-cultured of GDNF modified ADSCs and DN neurons can promote the survival and growth of cultured DN neurons, however, it can not induce ADSCs differentiate into DN neurons.

Objective:To investigate the rationality of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection used in one hospital and the effects of national rectification of antimicrobial drugs. Methods: The retrospective analysis method was used to survey the inpatients administrated anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection from April 2010 to Mard 2012, and assessed the rationality. Results:The ir-rational utilization of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection included loading dosage lack during the treatment,inappropriate loading dosage and administration frequency. The irrational utilization of anti-fungal agents for deep fungal infection was decreased significantly (P<0. 05)after the national rectification of antimicrobial drugs. Conclusion:After the national rectification of antimicrobial drugs, the hospital can amtrol the irrational use of anti-fungal agents to some extent, while still needs more management and education.