Objective 99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)and 99Tcm-HIgG are both radiopharmaceuticals for inflammation and infectious disease imaging.It was reported that99Tcm-ciprofloxacin (Infecton)Was able to distinguish inflammation from infection.while 99Tcm-HIgG was a nonspecific agent.The study Was designed to compare the in vivo characteristics between 99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)and 99Tcm-HIgG in rabbit model of inflammation.Methods Eight rabbits were grouped as inflammation model(the first group).infection model(the second group),concomitant inflammation and infection model(the third group),and control(the fourth group)groups.A total of 185 MBq(0.5 m1)99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)Was administered intravenously to each rabbit.a serious dynamic images were acquired till 24 h post-injection.Repeated examination with99Tcm-HIgG was carried out 2 d later.Resuits 99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)scan was negative in the inflammation models and controls.and was positive in the infection models.In the third group99Tcmciprofloxacin(Infecton)showed infection focus in the left thigh but negative uptake at inflammation focus in the right thigh.99Tcm-HIgG scan were positive in all models.The optimal image time for99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)was 3 h after administration.but positive image could still be observed 24 h later.Conclusion 99Tcm-ciprofloxacin(Infecton)appears to specifically accumulate in the infective lesion.

Objective To examine the correlation between end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) among patients admitted in neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU) and the factors affecting the PaCO2-PetCO2 [P (a-et) CO2].Methods Thirty-two intubated or cut-trachea patients who presented in the NICU were enrolled.Arterial blood gas test was done at seven every morning,and values of PetCO2 were compared with simultaneously recorded PaCO2.The normal gap of P (a-et) CO2 was defined as-5 mmHg to 5 mmHg.Concordance between PaCO2 and PetCO2 was analyzed using the Bland-Altman plot.Parameters between the normal and high P(a-et) CO2 groups were compared to identify the factors affecting the P(a-et) CO2,including Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS),blood pressure (BP),heart rate (HR),respiration rate (RR),body temperature (BT),and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2).Results Allvalues of PaCO2 and PetCO2 were in accordance with normal distribution (r =0.668,P ＜ 0.01) and concordance between PaCO2 and PetCO2 was 69.8％.Patients who had high P(aet) CO2 showed lower initial GCS,lower instant GCS,BT,as well as pH and higher actual bicarbonate (AB) and PetCO2 than the patients with normal P (a-et) CO2.Correlation between PaCO2 and PetCO2 rapidly declined when positive end expiratory pressure(PEEP) was greater than 5 mmH2O(r =0.229,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions PetCO2 correlates well with PaCO2 and appears to be a useful monitor of respiratory function of the patients consecutively.Initial GCS,BT,AB and PEEP have an impact on P(a-et) CO2,so those factors should be considered when attempting to monitor the hyperventilation with PetCO2.

Objective To introduce a kind of operative technique in repair for the prolapse of the anterior mitral valve leaflet.Methods From January 2004 to October 2010,the operation of chordal transfer based on theedge-to-edge technique was performed in 18 cases with serious mitral valve regurgitation because of prolapse of the anterior leaflet.First,the edge-to-edge suturing was performed at the free edge of the prolapsed anterior leaflet with corresponding posterior leaflet.After that,quadrangular resection was performed to transfer these segments of posterior leaflet with its attached chordae.At last,the posterior leaflet was repaired after a quadrangular resection which would be much easier for the surgeons.After the operation,echocardiography was performed in each patient before discharge and at the time of follow-up.Results All patients survived after the operation,1 case required the rnitral valve replacement because of anterior leaflet performation occurring 3 days after the operation,1 case with hemoglobinuria and 1 case with low cardiac output,who all got symptomatic treatment afterwards.All the other patients were well discharged.At the time of follow-up,all of the patients were in NYHA functional class I.In all these patients,pre-discharge and follow-up echocardiography showed neither stenosis nor significant regurgitation of the mitral valve:the cross-sectional area of the mitral valve was 2.8-4.8 (3.78 +0.52) cm2,the mean regurgitation area was (0.45 +0.22) cm２.At the same time,both dimension of left atrium and left ventricular reduced significantly [ left atrium diameter:pre-operation ( 48.26 + 11.12 ) mm,post-operation ( 37.57 ± 9.56) mm (P ＝ 0.028 );the end-diastolic diameter of the left ventricular:pre-operation(61.43 ± 8.24) mm,post-operation (42.35 ±10.79) mm (P＝0.008)].Conclusion Chordal transfer based on the edge-to-edge technique provides good results for repair of anterior leaflet prolapse.

Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radius ; injuries ; surgery ; Radius Fractures ; surgery

Objective To analyze the intake of arsenic in Chinese materia medica by Chinese population; To assess its health risk. Methods Totally 2056 Chinese materia medica samples were collected from representative manufacturers and markets in China from 2008 to 2016 and their arsenic contents were detected. The consumption data of Chinese materia medica were collected among population aged 18 and above from 5739 individuals by face to face questionnaire surveys in 5 provinces (Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Gansu) with the method of multistage stratified random sampling. A deterministic estimate was used to assess the exposure of arsenic by Chinese materia medica. At the same time, the Chinese standard limit of arsenic in Chinese materia medica was used to do the theory assessment. Results The average concentration of arsenic in Chinese materia medica was 0.81 mg/kg. The residue level of arsenic in animal Chinese materia medica (average concentration: 3.29 mg/kg) was higher than that in medicinal plants (average concentration: 0.71 mg/kg). The consumption data showed that average intake of Chinese materia medica as medicines was 207 g, and P95was 540 g; the average intake of Chinese herbals as medicinal food was 43 g, and P95was 500 g. The assessment using arsenic content data showed that common use of Chinese materia medica had low level of risk. However, the population with chronic and high consumption of Chinese materia medica as medicine or as food had certain level of health risk. Arsenic content in animal herbals was about 5 times higher than that of medicinal plants. But according to the consumption, the risk was not higher than that of medicinal plants. The assessment using the standard limit of arsenic (2 mg/kg) in herbals showed that recent standard could protect most people, but risk remained in those with chronic consumption of Chinese materia medica as medicineand high consumption of Chinese materia medica as medicinal food. Conclusion The current standard limit of arsenic (2 mg/kg) in Chinese materia medica is appropriate. The health risk of arsenic exposure from Chinese materia medica among Chinese population is at a low level, but those with chronic and high Chinese materia medica consumption need more attention.

To assess the clinical effect and safety of Chinese traditional medicine injection combined with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. The relative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese medical injections (CMI) combined with radiotherapy as well as simple radiotherapy for esophageal cancer were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and VIP Database as at September 2014. Two researchers completed the data extraction and quality evaluation independently. The data were analyzed by GeMTC 0.14.3 and Stata 12. 0 software. Finally, 43 RCTs involving 3 289 patients were finally included. The star network was constructed by different comparison groups. The results of network meta-analysis showed that the seven CMIs combined with radiotherapy was superior to simple radiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer in efficacy, quality of life, and reduction in the incidence of nausea and leucopenia, but with no significant difference among the seven CMIs. Probability ranking result showed a great possibility for Shenqi Fuzheng and astragalus polysaccharide injections in improving the overall response rate and quality of life, which were followed by cinobufagin and kangai injections. However, only one study was included for Shenqi Fuzheng and astragalus polysaccharide injections. Therefore, cinobufagin or kangai injections were preferred in improving the overall response rate and quality of life. Aidi or compound sophora injections were better than other CMIs in reducing? the incidences of nausea (III-IV) and leukopenia. More RCTs of Shenqi Fuzheng and astragalus polysaccharide injections combined with radiotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer were expected in the future to confirm our results. Moreover, study findings will be reported, particularly for the adverse events in radiotherapy for esophageal cancer.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Background & Objective: Radiotherapy and temozolomide are the standard therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, it is unclear whether adding another agent to the commonly used radiotherapy-temozolomide (RT + TMZ) benefits newly diagnosed GBM patients. The present network meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of combining other agents with RT + TMZ for GBM treatment. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE.com, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to September 23, 2014, to include all randomized controlled trials of RT + TMZ-based therapy in GBM patients. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed to compare the therapeutic regimens. Results: Seventeen studies involving 4,148 patients were identified. The results of pairwise meta-analysis indicated no significant differences among most comparison groups, except for bevacizumab + RT + TMZ versus RT + TMZ for progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59–0.86; P = 0.000) and RT + TMZ versus RT alone for overall survival (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58–0.88; P = 0.001). The results of network meta-analysis also showed no significant differences in most comparisons; however, adverse events were more common among patients receiving additional therapeutic agents other than RT + TMZ. The ranking probability analysis indicated that bevacizumab + RT + TMZ and nimustine + cisplatin + RT + TMZ were associated with the best progression-free and overall survival, but they also caused the most adverse events in GBM patients. RT + bevacizumab + irinotecan had the highest probability of being the best regimen for minimizing adverse events. Conclusions: The addition of other targeted agents, particularly bevacizumab and nimustine, to RT + TMZ could be slightly effective for the treatment of newly diagnosed GBM patients; however, adverse events remained common.
Glioblastoma

OBJECTIVESTo study the correlation and effect of smoking on the semen quality of men.

METHODS61 men, non-smoker, who had one or more children as normal fertility control group and adult males attending the infertility clinic, including 110 non-smokers and 191 smokers, were recruited for the study. The smokers were divided into subgroups according to the amount and duration of smoking. Semen parameters(volume, sperm density, viability, motility and morphology) were examined and seminal plasma contents of Zn, Cu and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined.

RESULTSThe semen volume, pH, sperm density, viability and forward progression, as well as the seminal plasma contents of Zn, Cu and SOD were much lower in the medium, heavy and long-term smokers than in the non-smokers(P < 0.01). The sperm density, viability and forward progression, and the seminal plasma Zn, Cu and SOD levels were negatively correlation with the amount and duration of cigarette smoking(P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThe effect of smoking on semen parameters of infertile men were dose-effect and time-effect relationship. Medium, heavy and long-term smoking adversely affected the semen quality in a population of men visiting the infertility clinic.

Humans ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Semen ; physiology ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUNDTumor involving the septum pellucidum is uncommon. Surgery as the main therapeutic procedure for this lesion is a challenge to neurosurgeons. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and pathological features of septum pellucidum tumor in 41 patients and compared the curative effects of frontal transcortical, trans-sulcal and interhemispheric transcallosal approaches.

METHODSClinical characteristics and the pathological features of septum pellucidum tumor were investigated retrospectively in 41 patients. The differences in postoperative residual rates, extents of tumors and resection of normal brain tissues after use of the three approaches in these patients were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSSeptum pellucidum tumor is more likely to attack young or middle-aged persons. The tumor mainly presents itself as a central neurocytoma or cerebral low-grade glioma in pathology and manifests as intracranial hypertension clinically. No difference was found in the extent of tumor resection but significant difference in the extent of normal brain tissue resection and in postoperative disability rate among the three approaches. The transcortical approach brought about the most serious injury to brain tissue and the highest disability rate, Whereas the frontal transcallosal approach the lightest injury and the lowest disability rate. The injury to brain tissue and the disability rate brought about by the front trans-sulcus approach were between the above two approaches.

CONCLUSIONSOperation is still regarded the major treatment for septum pellucidum tumor. Transcallosal and trans-sulcus approaches are fit with the concept of minimally invasive surgery, and transcallosal approach is the first choice for septum pellucidum tumor.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Septum Pellucidum

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application, indications and outcomes of free flaps for ora-maxillofacial traumatic defects reconstruction.

METHODSTwenty consecutive cases of ora-maxillofacial the traumatic defects reconstruction with free flaps were reviewed. All clinical data including causes of injuries, the type of defects, selection of free flaps, perioperative complications and the follow-up were analyzed.

RESULTSAll the cases underwent free flap reconstruction for ora-maxillofacial traumatic defects: 8 cases with soft tissue defects, 12 cases with soft and hard tissue defects. Fifteen patients received two-stage operation and 5 patients underwent primary reconstruction at the time of debridement or fracture reduction. Twenty free flaps were applied for the reconstruction, 11 cases with fibula flap, 1 case with iliac crest free flap, 7 cases with radial forearm flap and 1 case with scapula flap. No flap failure occurred. The successful rate of free flaps transfer was 100%.

CONCLUSIONSThe free flaps transfer is reliable and can reconstruct the ora-maxillofacial traumatic soft and hard tissue defects. Fibula and radial forearm free flap are the most common used flaps. Early aggressive surgery with free flaps transfer for traumatic defects can prevent the scar contracture and tissue displace, which can shorten the treatment period and improve the final outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillofacial Injuries ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult