This article describes the introduction of concept of evidence-based medicine in gynecology and obstetrics education. We will use the problem-based education mode to improve the quality of gynecology and obstetrics education to bring up the students'habits of active learning,enhance their abilities of clinical thinking and promote their innovative consciousness.

Bone marrow scintigraphy is a technology which is used in bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes may swallow colloidal imaging agent which is injected by intravenous, and the red bone marrow hematopoietic cells are consistent with mononuclear phagocytes. So it can indirectly observe the red bone marrow distribution. This technology can overcome disadvantage of the traditional biopsy which can only be partially drawn and can provide functional body imaging of bone marrow, simple and noninvasive. So it is used widely in the treatment of disease in the blood disease.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving classification management and specifying standards of retail phar-macies in China. METHODS:The implementation status and standards of retail pharmacies'classification management in China were analyzed by using the method of comparative analysis. In view of the effects of classification management on retail pharmacy and its implementation difficulties,corresponding improvement measures were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:There are difference in the implementation status and standards of retail pharmacies'classification management in the national provinces and cities. Since the implementation of pilot in 2007,the main effects include retail pharmacies facing the survival of the fittest whipsaws pattern,the remote township small retail pharmacies facing a transition;the main implementation difficulties include gov-ernment failing to give a full propoganda the classification management of retail pharmacies,the construction of licensed pharma-cist team to be strengthened. It is suggested to include the ability of pharmaceutical care and credit level into the standard,imple-ment dynamic management,and complement classification management of retail pharmacies with the construction of licensed phar-macist team.

BACKGROUND:Drug-eluting stents have achieved better treatment outcomes, but late stent thrombosis shakes its status. With the development of drug-eluting stents, loaded drugs are the key to reduce stent thrombosis. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the screening and application of drug-eluting stents. METHODS:A computer-based search was performed for literatures published from 2010 to 2016 in databases of PubMed and WanFang using the keywords of“drug eluting stents;rapamycin (sirolimus);paclitaxel;heparin;zotarolimus;everolimus”in English and Chinese, respectively. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 eligible literatures were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUISON:An ideal drug-eluting stent can selectively inhibit vascular smooth muscle and is expected to be anti-coagulated, but makes no effects on vascular endothelial cel s or promoting the cel proliferation. Most of the loaded drugs are antithrombotic and anti-proliferative drugs, among which, rapamycin-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting stents are extensively used. Regardless of delaying the proliferation of vascular endothelial cel s and increasing the thrombosis risk, most of drug-eluting stents are stil loaded with these two drugs, and only few stents loaded with rapamycin derivatives, such as everolimus, zotarolimus, tacrolimus and pimecrolimus. Current research focuses on developing a stent with rapid drug releasing and anti-proliferative capacity. Meanwhile, the combination of drugs and biphasic releasing are another novel idea.

Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), as an emerging treatment method, has become one of the hottest technologies in the field of new drug research with a near-20-year development. PROTAC utilizes the natural ubiquitin-protease system in cells to induce targeted protein degradation, especially for protein of interest that are difficult to target by traditional small molecules. Moreover, PROTAC is expected to solve the problem of drug resistance that often occurs with small molecule drugs. However, the excessive relative molecular weight, poor solubility and membrane permeability, and low oral absorption of PROTAC make it challenging to druggability study. Currently, take pharmacokinetic characteristics as the entry point to continuously optimize and improve, so as to accelerate the transformation of PROTAC from laboratory to clinical application. Based on the basic structure and mechanism of PROTACs, this review introduces its pharmacokinetic properties, analyzes how to design efficient and stable PROTAC molecules, summarizes its current research progress in various diseases treatments, evaluates the development prospects and limitations of PROTAC, in order to provide more references for further research and application of PROTAC.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are important diseases that affect human health. Obesity is one of the major biological risk factors of NCDs. With the growing national economy and the increasing standard of living, the obesity problem is highlighted and could raise even more attention. Oral health is vital to overall health. To gain more recognition and popularize the monitoring of obesity in dentistry, this paper illustrates the status of present studies between obesity and oral health.
Humans ; Obesity ; Oral Health

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Arthritis, Gouty ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion

OBJECTIVE To discuss etiological factors and control strategies of hospital infection,in order to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection in the outpatient department of stomatology.METHODS According to the etiological factors of the hospital infection in outpatient department of stomatology,the corresponding control measures were presented.RESULTS The occurrence of hospital infection could be cut down by steps such as establishing the perfect rules and regulations,executing technical operation rules strictly,strengthening knowledge training for the medical staff,occupational protection,environmental disinfection management of outpatient department of stomatology,equipment disinfection management,hand hygiene of medical staff and standardizing the classification of the collection of clinical waste.CONCLUSIONS Occurrence of hospital infection has been effectively cut down by management measures of hospital infection taken in the outpatient department of stomatology.

0 05), While the areas of myocardial necrosis in IP and NIP groups were 64 80% and 32 60%, respectively( P

Opioid dependence is based on compensatory adaptations in neurons following chronic exposure to opioids. Recent researches show antagonists of N methyl D aspartate (NMDA) receptors inhibit physical and psychic dependence on opioids. This review focuses on the interactions between opioid receptor system and NMDA receptor system, and on the molecular mechanisms of NMDA receptor contributing to opioid dependence. The clinical prospects of NMDA receptor antagonists and related substances on preventing and treating opioid dependence are aslo discussed.