Lung transplantation is now considered one of the effective management of end stage pulmonary diseases. This review presents the recent progress of primary graft failure in lung preservation, such as low temperature, ventilation, etc. The purpose is to provide some valid methods in clinical practice.

From April.1993 to Jan.1994,transcatheter maxillary arterial chemoem- bolization using Cisplatin microspheres(DDP-ms)in combination with PBF(DDP,BLM,5- Fu)had been used in 14 cases with regional relapsed nasopharngeal carcinoma and 3 cases of untreated locally advanced nasopharngeal carcinoma got positive response.The result showed 2 patients with Cr,13 PR,1MR and 1 NC advanced cases with PR.The total suc- cessful rate(CR+PR)was 88 24%(15/17),In addition,the main toxicity and coplicaton had been discussed.

There are two types of Chinese medicine, i.e., "Shihu" and "Tiepi shihu", using the stems of species of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) as original materials. In order to understand species of Dendrobium using in Chinese medicine, taxonomic investigation and revision were performed. Our results indicated that about sixty species of sect. Dendrobium, sect. Formosae, and Sect. Stachyobium, are used as raw materials of "Shihu". Seven species of Dendrobium moniliforme complex and four species in Dendrobium officinale complex were recognized.
Dendrobium ; classification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification

BACKGROUND:As the complexity of human anatomic structure,the abnormity of tissue shape and the difference among individuals,the structure of multifractal is adapted.OBJECTIVE:To investigate medical image segmentation based on multifractal.METHODS:Image segmentation was performed by algorithm based on capacity measurement and probability measure.The experimental images were segmented using traditional region growing,max capacity measurement,sum capacity measurement,and probability measure.Following adding noise,the images were identically segmented and compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the two algorithms based on multifractal,the key of the algorithm based on capacity measurement is that appropriate measure μα is defined,and the key of the algorithm based on probability measure is that appropriate normalized probability Pi is defined.The different measures (probability) and thresholds bring greater effect.The method based on probability measure is sensitive to noises,but after filtration noise,segmentation effect is greater for the images whose pixels vary comparatively great and very complicated.The results show that it is feasible that appropriate measure (probability) and threshold is chosen based on medical image segmentation.Especially greater advantage exists for the distinction of texture and edge in the complicated image processing,which can reserve details while precisely dividing.It has very significant practical significance.At the same time,multifractal can also be characteristics of images,which provide powerful data for feature extraction.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toobservetheeffectsofpuerarincombinedwithsaxagliptinonrenalfibrosisintype2dia-betic rats.METHODS:Fifty male Wistar rats were used, of which 8 rats were randomly chosen as normal control group , and the remaining rats were used to establish the type 2 diabetic model.The rats that met the criterion for the diabetic mo-del were randomly divided into model group , puerarin treatment group , saxagliptin treatment group , puerarin combined with saxagliptin treatment group and metformin combined with saxagliptin treatment group .The above-mentioned drugs were ad-ministered for 8 weeks.After that period, all rats were sacrificed.The kidney index (kidney weight/body weight),and blood glucose and HbA1c were examined in all the rats.The morphological changes were observed by HE and Masson stai-ning.The levels of TNF-αand macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the serum were measured by ELISA .The mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIF and CD68 was examined by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Compared with normal group , the kidney index, blood glucose and HbA1c, the levels of TNF-αand MIF in the serum and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIF and CD68 were increased (P<0.05) in the kidney tissues of model group .Compared with model group , the kidney index, blood glucose and HbA1c, the levels of MIF and TNF-αin the serum and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIF and CD68 were decreased ( P<0.05) in puerarin combined with saxagliptin treatment group .CONCLUSION:Puerarin com-bined with saxagliptin reduces blood glucose , decreases MIF and TNF-α, and down-regulates the mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIF and CD68 in the kidney tissues of type 2 diabetic rats, which may contribute to the inhibition of renal fibrosis .

Balloon Occlusion ; adverse effects ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Contraindications ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sputum ; chemistry ; Vertigo ; therapy

AIM:To identify and quantify the expression of IL-1βand IL-17 in mast cells ( MCs) in different types of human pericapical diseases using double immunofluorescence staining .METHODS: The specimens ( n=102 ) , including healthy control ( n=35 ) , periapical cyst ( n=35 ) and periapical granuloma ( n=32 ) , were involved in the present study .The tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for at least 48 h and then embedded in paraffin . Serial 5-μm-thick sections were deposited onto SuperFrost/Plus microscope glasses .Routine staining of the sections using hematoxylin&eosin ( HE) was performed for morphological evaluation .The number of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs was identified by double immunofluorescence staining .RESULTS:Compared with the healthy controls , the inflammation score of periapical lesions was significantly increased in the periapical patients (P<0.01).The density of IL-1βand IL-17 posi-tive MCs in the periapical lesions were obviously higher than that in the healthy controls (P<0.01).However, no signifi-cant difference between periapical cyst and periapical granuloma was observed .The Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the density of IL-1βand IL-17 double positive MCs and inflammation score in dif-ferent groups of specimens (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:There is significantly increased number of MCs , along with in-creased density of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs in human periapical lesions .The increased density of IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs has the similar tendency as the severity of tissue inflammation in human periapical lesions , suggesting that IL-1βand IL-17 positive MCs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of human periapical diseases .

AIM: To investigate the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in tryptase -positive mast cells ( MCs) in different types of human periapical diseases for determining the role of SCF and MCs in the pathogenesis of peria-pical diseases.METHODS: A total 50 cases of specimens were involved in this study, including healthy control (n=20), periapical cyst (n=15) and periapical granuloma (n=15).The tissue material was fixed in 10%formalin for at least 48 h, stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the observation of histopathology, stained with immunohistochemistry for identifying MCs and MCs degranulation, and stained with double immunofluorescence for identification of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs.RESULTS:Compared with healthy control, significantly higher densities of both total and degranu-lated MCs in human periapical lesions were observed.The densities of both total and degranulated MCs in the periapical cyst were significantly higher than that in the periapical granuloma.The density of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical lesions was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls.The density oftryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical cyst was significantly higher than that in periapical granuloma.No significant difference in the density of MCs between immunohistochemistry staining and double immunofluorescence staining was observed.CONCLUSION:The tryptase-SCF double positive MCs play an active role in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammatory lesions, particularly in the formation of fibrous tissue in periapical cyst.The potential role of the tryptase-SCF double positive MCs relates with the initiation, development, and persistence of the periapical inflammatory process.