With several new and effective antiviral agents had been evaluated and licensed in past ten years,natural history of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)has being affected fiercely.But up to now,chronic hepatitis B virus infection is still the most important etiopathogenisis of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Chronic heaptitis B is a dynamic process.The natural history of CHB can be schematically divided into five phases:immune tolerant phase,immune reactive phase,inactive HBV carrier state,HBeAg-nagative CHB,and HBsAg-nagative phase,which are not necessarily sequential.So correct prehension of the natural history of CHB is significant for the prevention,monitoring and appropriate treatment of CHB patients.

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dys-regulated host response to infection and septic myocardial depression (SMD) is a common complication. Pathogenesis of SMD is complicated and there is lack of specific treatment. Mitochondrial damage is an important pathological basis of SMD, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) plays an important role in maintaining the normal structure and function of the mitochondria. The change of MPTP during sepsis is summarized in this review so as to reveal the significant mechanism of MPTP in the occurrence of SMD.

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant liver tumors among children. It typically begins with few symptoms, making it dififcult to diagnose and treat. The number of HB cases has been on the rise in recent years, resulting in gradual development of the research on various aspects of the disease. This paper is a round-up of the etiology, pathological classiifcation, clinical staging, prognostic factors and therapeutic principles of hepatoblastoma.

Cerebral ischemia activates endogenous angiogenic factors,and increase microvessel density and form new capillaries in ischemic brain tissues.Exogenous angiogenic factors can more effectively promote angiogenesis and the establishment of collateral circulation in ischemic regions and peripherial tissues,improving local blood supply and reducing infarct size.The further study of the mechanisms and methods in promoting regional angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia will contribute to improve neurologic deficit.

Alternaria zinniae was a plant fungal pathogen isolated from a world-wide weed Xanthium occidentale,which could cause some weeds of Asteraceae disease. It was found that the fungus made disease spot on the leaf through producing secondary metabolite—phytotoxin. The toxin-producing capability of the fungus was studied. The optimal cultural conditions for producing phytotoxin were temperature 25℃,pH 6.5,cultured period 9~11d,rotating speed 110r/min,darkness and enough dissolved O_2,crude toxin was obtained through large scale fermentation. Analysis on the influence of time,temperature,lightness for storing on the stability of phytotoxin of Alternaria zinniae showed that the phytotoxin had the potential to develop as a herbicide originating from microorganism.

0.05).The wound of all patients in two groups was healed at the primary stage with no fat liquescence or infection.CONCLUSION:Replacement of suction drainage in TKA has no obvious advantage compared with TKA without a suction drainage.

Objective To evaluate the change of the amount of collagen in the viemedic RF ASC01IC non-ablative photorejuveantion,in order to provide reference for effective clinical treatment.Methods Twenty rats were randomly divided into two groups,with ten rats in each group.The rats'skin was dividied into two areas by spine.The left side was used as control,and the right side was experiment side,which was treated with RF by viemedic RF ASC011C for five times at interval of seven days,and ten minutes in each time.The content of collagen in the dermis was measured by immunohistochemical method,the thickness of collagen bundles in the dermis was measured under HE staining and the quantity of collagen fibers was compared by collagen fibers staining.Results Epidermis was more smooth,the collagen fiber was thicker and the content of fibroblasts,collagen was higher in experiment side.Image quantitative analysis showed significant improvement in area density of collagen fibers.Conclusions RF is a very safe and effective method for non-ablative photorejuvnation.

Objective Multidrug-resistance (MDR) is considered to be the major obstacle for cancer chemotherapy.In order to study tumor MDR in vitro, we designed this study to establish human multidrug-resistant Bladder cancer pumc-91/ADM cell line and investigate its biological characteristics. Methods MDR cell line (Pumc-91/ADM) was induced by wise selection on exposure to increasing dose of Adriamycin (ADM).Cell growth was measured and multidrug resistance to multi-anticancer agents was evaluated by MTT Assay.Flow cytometry was performed to determine cell cycle and the ADM concentration of cell line. The expression of MDR-related genes were determined with reverse polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared to Pumc-91, the Pumc-91/ADM cell had a prolonged doubling time. The number of cells in S-phase was decreased in Pumc-91/ADM while those in G1 and G2 phase increased. The Pumc-91/ADM cell was 10 times more resistant to ADM than the Pumc-91 parent. The Pumc-91/ADM cell exhibited cross-resistance to methotrexate, vincristine, cisplatin, epirubicin. RT-PCR showed that mRNA expression of GST was significantly increased in Pumc-91/ADM. Conclusion Pumc-91/ADM is human multidrug-resistant, and it offers a model with MDR phenotype for the study of MDR in human bladder cancer.

AIM:To establish the chromatography fingerprint of the constituents of Melia toosendan Sieb from different areas in order to provide a base for the identification of its quality. METHODS: A gradient separated method was applied. Column:Inertsil ODS-3 C_ 18 ,mobile phase:acetonitrile-water,detection wavelength:270 nm,flow rate:1.0 mL/min,column temperature:25 ℃. RESULTS: To establish the chromatography fingerprint of the constituents of Melia toosendan Sieb., make the technical parameters for its quality controlling,and mark 39 main peaks as its characteristic fingerprint. CONCLUSION: The distribution of constituents of Melia toosendan Sieb differ a little from different areas, but the propotion of the constituents differ greatly, with the Melia toosendan Sieb.from the same area , the distribution and propotion differ a little. This method is reproducible, simple and easy, and can be use to provide a base for the quality control of Melia toosendan Sieb.

Objective This study examined the effects of Midazolum-ketamine oral solution (MKOS) on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors (GABAAR) mRNA in the cerebral cortex of rat, in order to investigate the sedation mechanism of MKOS. Methods Fifty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into ten groups according to the observed time after MKOS administration (0,5,10, 15,30,60,90,120,240 and 360 minutes, n =5 each). The 0 minute group(control group) received 0.9% saline instead. Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expressions of NMDAR1 and GABAAR mRNA in the cerebral cortex. Results Both GABAAR and NMDAR1 all expressed in the glial cells of cerebral cortex. The expression of NMDAR1 in control group was strong. The expression of NMDAR1 became weaker during 15 to 90 minutes after administration of MKOS (P＜0.05). The expression of GABAAR mRNA in control group was weaker,while became stronger during 30 to 90 minutes after administration of MKOS (P ＜0. 05). Conclusion MKOS may play sedation by strengthening the expression of GABAAR and suppressing the expression of NMDAR1 in the cerebral cortex.