Antimicrobial resistance in the hospital is the most important challenging issue in the field of nosocomial infection control. Several nationwide surveys performed so far revealed that various profiles of resistance were already stablished in Korea: the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was more than 70%; vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus was around 15%; resistance to third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides were around 30%, and so on. Although there remains some controversy, association between the development of antimicrobial resistance and the adverse clinical outcome does exist as supported by many studies worldwide. Therefore, combating and overcoming the antimicrobial resistance in the hospital is the most urgent task to solve. For the purpose of eradicating the antimicrobial resistance, we should use a two-edged sword: antimicrobial stewardship and hospital infection control. Regulation of antimicrobials could prevent the emergence of resistance, While infection control and precaution could contain the further spread of resistant organisms. In addition to these, futher aggressive strategy could be used for some species, e.g., active surveillance and \lquote search and destroy\rquote decolonization for MRSA. In conclusion, continuous education of appropriate antimicrobial prescription, implementation of proper precautions, and systematic approach to the infection control via organization of specialized personnel are sine qua non in overcoming the antimicrobial resistance in the hospital.
Aminoglycosides ; Cephalosporins ; Cross Infection ; Education ; Enterococcus ; Infection Control ; Korea ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Prescriptions ; Prevalence

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

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No abstract available.
Cross Infection*

No abstract available.
Gallstones*

No abstract available.
Methicillin Resistance ; Staphylococcus

In order to complement and reexamine the recent advances on tinea capitis in Taegu area the author made the clinical and mycological studies on 36, 1961 pupils of 12 primary school in Taegu during the period of August 30, 1961 till October 27. Also a clinical observation of the number of patients with the disease was made on 9, 877 new out-patients of the Kyung-Book University Hospital during the period of January 1957-May 1961 comparing the results of the above studies and 2, 925 colonies of 8 strains which have been reported up to the present date, and the following results were obtained. 1. 146 cases (Boys 141, Girls 5) of tinea capitis out of 36, 914 pupils (Boys 20, 572, Girls 16, 342) were found in the study of 12 primary school pupils in Taegu. 2. The morbidity rate for the boys was 0.72% and 0.03% for the girls. The rate was higher among children of the suburban area, especially in the industrial district, compaired with children of the central area of the city. 3. The morbidity rate in different grades was found highest in the 5th grade and a gradual decline was observed in order of 4, 6, 3, 2, 1 grade. 4. The type of the disease belonged entirely to the superficial derrnatomycosis. 5. 113 strains of Trichophyton ferrugineum out of 146 cases were isolated. 6. 75.26% of successful culture was made which reconfirm the superiority of the culture technique employed in the author's laboratory. 7. Seven cases out of 105 fiuorescent hairs were negative culture, while 15 cases out of 41 nonfluorescent hairs were positive culture. Therefore, a particular attention should be paid in the use of Wood light. The nonfluorescent positive culture hairs found increased compaired with the previous reports. 8. No significant change was observed in the actual number of out-patients with the disease in the University Hospital during the period of January 1957 till May 1961, though a gradual increase in the percentage was noted. 9. In comparison with the geographical distribution of 2, 925 colonies of strains already reported in Korea, the only causative strain of the disease was determined as T. ferrugineum in Taegu city and M. canis which showed an increase during the period of 1957 till 1959 was not isolated in the present study.
Child ; Complement System Proteins ; Culture Techniques ; Daegu* ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Pupil ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea* ; Trichophyton ; Wood

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local*

In the diagnosis of head injury, Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI), like CT, is an effective method ofdistinguishing between intracerebral lesions. In our experience of MRI, early hematomas are almost isointense bySaturation Recovery(SR) method, so these must be perforemd with Spin Echo (SE) method for better visualization ofhematomas. Isodense subdural hematomas, which is a diagnostic dilemma on CT images, are clearly seen on MRI.Delayed hematomas or residual parenchymal lesions are better demonstrated on MRI than on CT. Direct cornal,sagittal images and multiplanar facility of MRI provides excellent visualization of the location and shape ofextracerebral collection of hematoma. For the screening of head traumas, SE method is a technique of choicebecause of its excellent sensitivity wihin limited time.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mass Screening ; Methods