Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of hormone combined mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and tacrolimus (FK506) multiple targets treatment ,hormone combined intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse (IVC ) in the induction treatment of lupus nephritis .Methods The RCTs of MMF plus FK506 versus IVC in LN were searched from PubMed ,EMbase ,the Cochrane , CBM ,and CNKI .The literature were screened according to include and exclude standards ,evaluated the quality of the included stud-ies ,and performed meta-analyses using Revman 5 .1 software .Results It was identified 44 domestic RCTs papers including 331 pa-tients .Meta-analysis showed that multiple target therapy group had significantly superiority to IVC group in the induction treatment of Ⅴ + Ⅳ LN (RR=3 .94 ,95% CI 2 .10-7 .38 ,P<0 .01) ,while with no significant advantage for other pathological types of LN patients .Gastrointestinal reaction ,abnormal liver function ,the incidence of leukopenia ,menstrual disorders in multiple target thera-py group were significantly lower than that of IVC group for LN ,while the incidence of new hypertension group was significantly higher than the IVC group .Moreover ,multiple target therapy group could significantly reduce urine protein ,increase serum albumin and had a significantly higher anti-dsDNA negative conversion rate compared with IVC group .Conclusion Multiple target therapy is more effective than IVC for Ⅴ + Ⅳ LN in Chinese patients and with better security .Further large-scale RCTs are needed to con-firm these results .

Objective To investigate the association between polymorphisms of Ca2 + -ATPase isomer 2 gene (PMCA2) in plasma membrane and the development of sudden deafness .Methods Totally ,164 patients were investigated and hearing tests were conducted .According to the results of audiometry ,they were divided into two groups ,sensorineural hearing loss group(n= 82) and normal hearing group(n= 82) .Polymorphisms of two single nucleotide loci rs2289274 and rs6790640 in the PMCA2 gene were de-termined by polymerase chain reaction followed by allele specific amplication analysis .Results In the sudden deafness group ,fre-quencies of genotypes AA ,AG and GG in the rs2289274 locus were 55 .8% ,17 .4% and 26 .8% respectively ,while frequencies of al-leles A and G in the same locus were 64 .5% and 35 .5% respectively ;in the sensorineural hearing loss group ,were 26 .8% ,28 .0%and 45 .2% respectively ,while frequencies of alleles A and G were 41 .1% and 58 .9% .And ,in the sudden deafness group ,frequen-cies of genotypes CC ,CT and TT in the rs2289274 locus were18 .3% ,35 .4% and 46 .3% respectively ,while frequencies of alleles C and T in the same locus were 36 .3% and 63 .7% ;in the normal hearing group ,were 2 .4% ,63 .4% and 34 .1% respectively ,while frequencies of alleles C and T were34 .1% and 65 .9% ,respectively .Genotypes distribution of two sites and their allele frequencies of the two groups ,some differences of them had statistical significance(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion It is suggested that genetic polymor-phism of the rs2289274 and rs6790640 loci in the PMCA2 gene might be a susceptible factor for sudden deafness .

Activating Transcription Factor 1 ; metabolism ; physiology ; Animals ; Humans ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Smad4 Protein ; metabolism ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells with TGF-β1-induced mesenchymal transition and potential mechanism.Methods The primary epithelial cells from human intrahepatic bile ducts were cultured,the cells were identified by immunofluorescence microscopy.The cells were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group,TGF-β1 group and TGF-β1+5-FU group.The expression of CK-19,E-cadherin,vimentin and α-SMA protein were measured by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot assay.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of TGF-β1.Real-time PCR to detect mRNA expression of TGF-β1,Ⅰand collagen type Ⅲ.Results The primary epithelial cells of intrahepatic bile ducts were successfully cultured.In TGF-β1 group,the protein expression of vimentin,α-SMA and the mRNA expression levels ofⅠand collagen type Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of normal control group(P<0.05),the protein expression of CK-19 and E-cadherin protein were lower than that of normal control group(P<0.05),TGF-β1protein and mRNA expressions were significantly higher compared with that of normal control group(P<0.05).In TGF-β1+5-FU group,the protein expression levels of CK-19 and E-cadherin protein were higher than that in normal control group(P<0.05),the protein expression level of vimentin,α-SMA and the mRNA expression level of collagen type Ⅲ were significantly lower than that of TGF-β1 group(P<0.05),while there was no significantly difference in collagen typeⅠmRNA between the two groups(P>0.05),TGF-β1 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly lower as compared with that of normal TGF-β1 group(P<0.05).Conclusions 5-FU could inhibit TGF-β1-induced biliary epithelial-mesenchymal transition with down-regulated expression of TGF-β1.

0.9 mm(n = 26).Twenty-five healthy individuals served as a control group.Clinical data including age,sex,BMI,ABI,HbA1c,fasting glucose and insulin were collected.Insulin resistance index in Homa model was calculated following the equation:Homa IR = FINS ? FPG) /22.5.Serum adiponectin level was measured by ELISA.Results The serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in atherosclerosis group than in non-atherosclerosis and control groups(P

Objective:To compare the anti-obesity effect of green tea and black tea polyphenols and investigate their molecular mechanisms. Method:Rats were divided randomly into four groups:control group,high-fat group,high-fat diet with green tea polyphenols(GTP) supplement group,and high-fat diet with black tea polyphenols(BTP) supplement group. Body weight was determined every 2 w. After 3 months,the changes of epididymal fat tissues weight and serum lipids were observed. Expressions of those genes associated with adipocyte differentiation in epididymal fat tissues of rats were measured by real-time transcription-polymerase chain reaction,including pref-1,aP2,TNF-?,leptin,PPAR-?,C/EBP-? . Results:Both GTP and BTP prevented the increase of body weight and fat induced by high-fat diet and profoundly down-regulated those adipocyte-specific genes,including aP2,TNF-?and leptin. In addition,GTP also up-regulated the pre-adipocye marker — pref-1 and reduced the expression of transcription factor,peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor(PPAR-?) . Conclusion:Tea polyphenols could prevent obesity by reversing the adipocyte differentiation,and GTP possessed stronger inhibitory effect than BTP.

Objective To improve the management of the complications in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Methods Bone pain, anemia, urinary tract obstruction, hematuria and edema in the lower extremities and scrotum of patients with prostate cancer were managed with analgesics(24 cases), bisphosphonates(14 cases), isotope strontium-89(6 cases), external beam irradiation(9 cases), blood transfusion(9 cases), TURP(7 cases), superpubic cystostomy(8 case), percutaneous nephrostomy(4 case) and cysto-irrigation(6 case). Results 16 patients were alived and 10 were died of respiratory or circulation failure . The patients were relieved from pain and the other complications for several months after the palliative measures had been taken. Conclusions Bone pain, anemia, urinary tract obstruction and hematuria are common complications of advanced prostate cancer. They may have great impact on the life quality of patients. Diverse therapeutic modalities should be employed to palliate these disabling symptoms.

[Objective]To observe the effect of composite(AACB/BMP/bFGF)of allogeneic antigen-extracted cancellous bone(AACB),bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)on the repair of defective and necrotic areas of the femoral head,and evaluate the revaseularization the femoral head defect and necrosis model using liquid nitrogen,and randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 femoral heads in each group,which were implanted with nothing(group A),AACB/BMP(group B)and AACB/BMP/bFGF(group C)respectively.Every femoral head was implanted with about AACB 0.33 g,BMP 12.5 mg and bFGF 2000 U.Two canines were sacrificed respectively at 3th,6th,and 12th weeks after operation in every group.Histologically,immunohitochemical vessel staining,vessel count and vessel surface area image analysis,calcium content and the correlation between revascularization effect and calcium content were investigated in the femoral heads after the operation.[Result]Histology,the detects were still infilled by fibrillar tissue in group,A;there were a great deal of new bone formed in group B;and the detects were repaired completely in group C 12 weeks after operation.Measurement of vessel count and vessel surface area showed a large quantity of new vessel proliferated around the infilling material in group C on the 3rd week.The vessel count and vessel surface area continuously increased on the 6th week and 12th week.They were more than those of group B and group A at every definite time point(P

Objective To study imaging features of neuronal tumors, and to evaluate the value of CT and MRI in diagnosing these tumors. Methods The CT and MRI studies in 10 patients with pathologically proved neuronal tumor were retrospectively reviewed. Results (1) CT showed a mixed attenuation cystic solid mass with calcification in 3 gangliogliomas; The mixed signal intensity on T 1 or T 2WI with heterogeneous contrast enhancement was common in ganglioglioma. (2)Three central neurocytomas had mixed signal intensity. (3)Three dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) had decreased signal intensity on T 1 weighted MR images and well demarcated increased signal intensity on T 2 weighted images without peritumoral edema and calcification. Prominent MR imaging features were a gyriform configuration on T 1 or T 2WI. The tumor contrast enhancement was not common; (4)A desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) was located in the frontal and parietal lobes, appearing as cystic tumors with a solid cortical component enhanced intensely. Conclusion Some neuronal tumors possess of specific imaging features, but diagnosis of the tumor with imaging modalities alone may be difficult. Therefore, combined clinical history could help to establish a correct diagnosis.

Much attention has been paid to photocatalytic oxidation in the field of air and water purification. Photocatalytic oxidation employs semiconductors such as TiO2, ZnO as a photocatalyst in ultraviolet radiation. Several factors which affect photocatalytic decomposition were discussed in the present paper. Photocatalytic oxidation technique is applicable for the elimination of gas-phase contamination in air.