Etiquette education is an essential part of modern nursing quality education.In order to improve the general quality of the nursing students by etiquette education,the nursing teachers can infiltrate the essence of etiquette education into education reform,by theory teaching,demonstration, portrayal training,scenario training,and so on.

AIM: To recognize the importance of ADR monitoring of drugs available on the market from PPA Event. MET- HODS: With reviewing relevant literatures and scanning relevant network stations. we summarlzed the importance of moni- toring ADR of drugs available on the market and signiticance of creating a perfect evaluation mechanisms and systems of ADR monitoring for those drugs. and analysed several method of ADR monitoring and points for attention Finally. we gave several suggestions about enhancing ADR monitoring .RESULTS& CONCLUSION:ADR events can be effectively pre- vented by perfect evaluation mechanisms and ADR monitoring systems of drugs available on the market.

Objective To examine how work stress influences somatization and work burnout, especially concerning for the difference between work load and interpersonal relationship stress in the correlation with work burnout. Methods Using cross-sectional design and questionnaire survey method, participants were 455 female nurses recruited from nine hospitals in Nanjing, China. Results The results revealed that work load and interpersonal relationship stress positively predicted somatization (βwork load=0.33,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.22, P<0.01), emotional exhaustion (βwork load=0.57,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.22, P<0.01) and cynicism (βwork load=0.49,βinterpersonal relationship stres =0.29, P<0.01), and negatively predicted personal accomplishment (βwork load=-0.18,βinterpersonal relationship stres =-0.21, P<0.01). Specially, the influence of work load on emotional exhaustion and cynicism was significantly higher than that of interpersonal relationship stress (Z=6.37, 3.57, P < 0.05), but there were no differences between them in personal accomplishment and somatization (Z=1.79, 0.47, P > 0.05). Conclusions There are significant differences between work load and interpersonal relationship stress in the correlation with work burnout.

Objective To analyze the security of esomeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin in the treatment of Hp associated gastric ulcer.Methods 96 cases of patients with Hp associated gastric ulcer in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were selected,they were randomly divided into esomeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin treatment group(esomeprazole group,n=48)and omeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin treatment group(omeprazole group,n=48)two groups,the clinical symptom scores,clinical efficacy,Hp eradication and adverse reactions of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results The abdominal pain,abdominal distension,belching,acid regurgitation scores of theesomeprazole group were significantly lower(P<0.05),the total treatment efficiency 95.8％(46/48)was significantly higher than the omeprazole group 72.9％(35/48)(P<0.05),the eradication rate of Hp 97.9％(47/48)was significantly higher than the omeprazole group 83.3％(40/48)(P<0.05),the adverse reaction rate 2.1％(1/48)was significantly lower than the omeprazole group 8.3％(4/48)(P<0.05).Conclusion The security of esomeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin in the treatment of Hp associated gastric ulcer is higher thanomeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin,so is worthy of promotion in the clinical.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy on chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). METHODS Thirty cases with CRS in stage Ⅱ-2 were treated by FESS. At 1,3,6-month after operation,endoscopy and nasal mucosa biopsy were performed and the clinic symptoms were reassessed. RESULTS Although fine mucosal epithelization was found in all cases at 6 month after operation,mild edema of mucosa and muciform secretion still existed in 10 cases. Mucociliary transport rate (MTR) was 3.63?1.74 mm/min before operation,and was 6.27?1.31 mm/min at 6-month after operation. Compared with that before operation,the MTR was significantly improved whereas it had not rehabilitated to normal status. The decrease of inflammatory cells and alleviation of submucosal edema were observed in the mucosa of maxillary sinus. Nevertheless,the number of goblet cells and submucosa glands did not improve significantly. The ultrastructure of the mucosa was not recovered completely at 6 month after operation. CONCLUSION With combined therapy on CRS for 6 months, clinical cure can be achieved,but mucosal inflammatory reaction is still existed.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a simple method for drug bioequivalence test based on Excel function.METHODS:The statistical tests including ANOVA,two one-side test and 90% confidence interval were carried out using Excel statistical function.RESULTS:Drug bioequivalence test can be performed based on Excel,with results in line with those stated in Biopharmaceutical and Pharmacokinetic.Moreover,due to Excel's repeated calculation function,for retest,three kinds of test results were available rapidly only by replacing the data with others remained for calculation.CONCLUSION:Excel function can be used to calculate drug bioequivalence.

Osteoprotegerin(OPG) ,receptoractivatorofNF -?Bligand (RANKL)andreceptoracti vatorofNF -??(RANK)areimportantmoleculesthatregulateosteoclastogenesis .OPGisdecoyreceptorof RANKL .ThebindingofOPGandRANKLblocksconnectingofRANKLandRANK ,inhibitsdevelopmentof osteoclast.ThebindingofRANKLandRANKinducesaserieskinasecascadereaction ,activatestranscription factors,introducestheproliferationanddifferentiationofosteoclastprecursors .Severalhormonesandos teotropicfactorsregulatetheformationandfunctionofosteoclastthroughtheabovemolecules .

Coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury is a coagulation dysfunction caused by brain tissue injury, which is characterized by over activations of coagulation, fibrinolysis and anticoagulation. It is the result of the interaction of multiple factors and multiple links with complicated pathophysiology. This study reivewed the clinical features and evidence-based evidences of coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury in order to summarize and discuss the latest progress in the diagnosis and treatment of coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury.

To study the mechanism ofstimulating effect of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on induction of neovascularization during gastric carcinogenesis induced by N methyl N′ nitro N nitrosoguanidine in rats, gastric carcinogenesis in rats was induced by administration of MNNG (150mg/L) in drinking water. Four weeks after MNNG exposure, rats were fed with diet containing 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (2.5?g/kg, 5.0?g/kg) . Animals were killed at week 16, and 32 for the study of neovascularization by cardiovascular perfusion with carbon ink and immunohistochemical staining of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). Expression of VEGF and microvessel density in glandular stomach of rats receiving 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ( 5.0?g/kg) in the diet dramatically increased when compared with the rats receiving MNNG alone at week 16, and the differences were more significant at week 32. Expression of VEGF was closely correlated with microvessel density. We propose that certain dose of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 stimulated neovascularization during gastric carcinogenesis in rats induced by MNNG partly through increasing VEGF expression.

Objective:To analyze and discuss the factors of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin.Method: The reports of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin from CBMDisc(1971-2006)and CHKD(1994-2006)were re- viewed and analyzed with Excel.Result:28 cases of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin were collected,including 20 men and 8 women with the principal primary respiratory infection with an average age of 66.5.Seizure occurred as early as 10 min.after the medication,and occurred latest in the fourth day of the medication.22 cases showed grand mal seizure and 6,partial seizure with a duration ranging from 20s to 30min and with a frequency of eight seizures.18 cases discontin- ued the administration,and 8 cases took lower daily dosage,in which some were given antiepileptic drugs or other adjunc- tive therapy,and 2 cases were not treated at all.All the cases recovered and were discharged from hospital except one who died from his circulation failure and respiration failure.The cause-effect relations of the relevance evaluation of seizures e- yoked by imipenem/cilastatin were as follows:1 sure case,26 probable cases,and 1 possible case.Conclusion:Seizure can be induced by imipenem/cilastatin,Owhich should be rationally used.More attention should be paid in clinic so as to ensure a safe medication.