Objective To investigate the feasibility and the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of uterine malignant tumors. Methods Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in 25 cases of cervical cancer and 24 cases of endometrial cancer from February 2003 to March 2005 in this hospital.Of the 49 cases,a selective paraaortic lymphadenectomy was carried out in 5 cases. Results All the operations were successfully performed under laparoscope except for 1 case of conversion to open surgery.The operating time was 190?45 min,the blood loss during operation was 172?99 ml,and the number of excised lymph nodes was 17?6.Surgical complications occurred in 8 cases(8/49,16%),including 1 case of bladder injury,1 case of internal iliac vein injury,3 cases of urinary retention,1 case of vesicovaginal fistula(VVF) at the 6 postoperative month,and 2 cases of lymphatic cyst.Follow-up observations were carried out for 1~12 months in 21 cases,12~24 months in 17 cases,and 24~27 months in 4 cases.No recurrence was seen.Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of uterine malignant tumors is safe and feasible and offers significant short-term effects.

We have been in charge of the teaching of the curriculum of Obstetrics & Gynecology for foreign students from Pakistan since the year of 2005,and hitherto there have been two grades of foreign students who have received this course.We have accumulated some experience through the practice of teaching,and discovered some shortcomings and problems,which are summarized as three respects:teachers and equipment,study of students,and cooperation of patients.In allusion to the shortcomings and problems,we think that we should take measures and make improvement in the respects of teachers,students,patients and so on,in order to improve the quality of the teaching for foreign students in our school.

Liu Tea (Sibiraea angustata) at doses of 8.5 and 15.0g/kg ig coild redice TG, ?-LP, TC and elevate HDL-C levels of normal of normal or hyperlipoidemia rat. In vitro experiments indcated that S.angustata may promote the eatabolism of FFA. The contents of FFA in rat serum showed significant elevation in S. angustata treated groups as compared with the control. In addition, fat cells were smaller in S. angustat treated rats and mucoid changes could be seen under microscope. These results suggested that S. angustat could iegulate the metabolism of lipoid.

OBJECTIVETo characterize HA1 gene of influenza B virus circulated in 1990 through 2000 in China.

METHODSViral RNA was extracted and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcriptase and amplified by PCR. The product of PCR was purified and sequenced by ABI377. The sequence data were analyzed with epidemic records.

RESULTS1. Two major lineages of influenza B virus always circulated during the period of 1990-2000 in China; the Yamagata lineage was the main lineage, but in 1994 and 1997 the Victoria lineage was more active. 2. During 1992-2000 the Yamagata lineage evolved into two minor groups whose distance in HAI amino acid sequences was about 6%. 3. Large and non-reverse mutators led the development of influenza B epidemics in 1990-2000 in China. 4. Except for a few strains, there was little difference among the influenza B viruses of the same major lineages circulated in the same year in China.

CONCLUSIONSTwo major lineages of influenza B virus always circulated during the period from 1990-2000 in China,and the Yamagata lineage diverged into two minor groups in recent years. Exchanges of the lineages and the appearance of large non-reverse mutators possibly had important epidemic significance.

China ; epidemiology ; Genes, Viral ; genetics ; Influenza B virus ; classification ; genetics ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

significantly save the time of diagnosis and facilitate the clinical application of large samples.

Rat's osteoblasts cultured in vitro were stimulated by recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor(rb-bFGF). After 1-2 days, the osteoblast grew long protuberance, the numbers of osteoblasts were greater than the control groups', the vitality of osteoblasts was better than that of control groups. After 1 hour, the expression of c-fos in osteoblast increased when compared with that in the control group. After the osteoblasts having been stimulated for 1-2 days, the expression of c-fos increased more conspicuously. These results show that bFGF can boost the osteoblast to grow and proliferate and can enhance the expression of c-fos gene. The increase of c-fos gene's expression may be an important step in the signal transformation process of all kinds of stimulation boosting osteoblast to proliferate.
Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Genes, fos ; drug effects ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology

BACKGROUNDTo understand the characterization of genome of a strain of avian influenza A H9N2 virus repeatedly isolated from a child with influenza illness. Thereafter to reveal the origin of this H9N2 virus.

METHODSViruses were passed in embryonated hen eggs and virion RNA was extracted from allantoic fluid and reverse transcribed to synthesize cDNA. cDNA was amplified by PCR and the PCR product was purified with a purification kit. Afterwards RNA sequence analysis was performed by dideoxynucleotide chain termination and a cloning method. Finally, phylogenetic analysis of the sequencing data was performed with MegAlign (Version 1.03) and Editseg (Version 3.69) softwares.

RESULTSGenome of A/Guangzhou/333/99 (H9N2) virus was closely related to avian influenza A H9N2 virus, but obvious difference from that of A/Duck/Hong Kong/Y439/97(H9N2) virus, as well as its genome did not include any RNA segment derived from human influenza A virus. However, the genes encoding the HA,NA,NP and NS proteins of A/Guangzhou/333/99 virus were derived from those of G9 lineage virus, the rest genes encoding the M and three polymerase (PB2,PB1 and PA) proteins were derived from G1 lineage strain.

CONCLUSIONSA/Guangzhou/333/99 virus was a reassortant derived from reassortment betweenG9 and G1 lineages of avian influenzaA(H9N2) viruses. Therefore, the most possibility is that it is derived from avian influenza A virus directly. The results do not only demonstrate that avian influenza A (H9N2) virus could infect men, but also firstly prove that the genetic reassortment could be occurred between different genetic lineages of avian influenza A (H9N2) viruses in the nature.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chick Embryo ; Child ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Phylogeny

Objective: To evaluate the status of dietary diversity and determinants among school age left behind children. Methods: A total of 501 children aged 9-10 years in Sheyang Mini Cohort Study were enrolled from Sheyang City in Jiangsu Province during 2019. A questionnaires survey was administrated to collect left behind and socioeconomic information. Twenty four hour dietary recall survey was conducted, dietary diversity score (DDS 10 and DDS) and food variety score (FVS) were computed according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Weight and height of children were measured and sex and age standardized body mass index was used to define obesity. Multivariable regression models were preformed to explore the determinants of dietary diversity in school age left behind children. Results: The proportion of left behind children was 40.9%. The mean value and standard deviation of three kinds of dietary diversity score (DDS 10 , DDS, FVS) in left behind children were (5.69±1.31)(6.55±1.44) and (13.48± 4.23 ), respectively. All of these were lower than that in non left behind children (DDS 10 :5.99±1.29; DDS:6.79±1.40; FVS:14.15±4.22). Significant difference in DDS 10 between left behind and non left behind children was observed ( P =0.01). The results of multivariable regression demonstrated that gender, passive smoking, family education level and family economic status were related to dietary diversity scores ( P <0.05). Conclusion Dietary diversity in school age left behind children was not optimistic and gender, passive smoking, parental education level, family economic status and left behind situation play a critical role in dietary diversity among these children.

Objective:To compare three fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors, including the coplanar IMRT (C-IMRT) plan and the non-coplanar IMRT(NC-IMRT) plan which were based on a conventional C-arm LINAC (Trilogy), and the coplanar IMRT (H-IMRT) plan based on an O-ring LINAC (Halcyon).Methods:Based on the data of 10 patients in the Ningbo First Hospital from December 2018 to December 2021 with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, this study redesigned three IMRT plans with the same prescribed doses and optimization objectives. Then, this study compared the doses of target volumes and organ at risks(OARs), the validation pass rates, and the execution time of these plans. Friedman test was employed in this study, and multiple comparisons were further made in cases of different results.Results:The differences in the conformal index (CI) of PTV and PTV boost of the three plans were statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.51, 9.69, P < 0.05). The multiple comparisons showed that the median CI of the H-IMRT plan was higher than that of the NC-IMRT plan ( Z = 2.53, 2.68, P < 0.05). The differences in other parameters of target volumes were not statistically significant. Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, bilateral corneas, ipsilateral optic nerve, and ipsilateral eyeball ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.81, 2.09, P < 0.05). Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the NC-IMRT reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, corneas, and eyeballs and contralateral optic nerve ( Z = 2.80, 2.66, 2.80, 2.70, 2.29, 2.29, 2.65, P < 0.05) and reduced the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of the ipsilateral lens and cornea ( Z = 2.50, 2.08, P < 0.05), but increased the Dmax of the contralateral optic nerve and the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). The validation pass rate of the three plans met the institutional standards, and the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the H-IMRT plan had the shortest median execution time (172.00 s), followed by the C-IMRT plan (337.50 s), and the NC-IMRT plan (388.00 s). Conclusions:The verification pass rate of the three plans can achieve the requirements of treatment implementation. The three plans had similar dosimetric differences in target volumes. However, the H-IMRT and NC-IMRT plans can protect the normal tissues (especially optical organs) more effectively than the C-IMRT plan, which is conducive to reducing the toxicity after radiotherapy and provides space for local dose increase or the radiotherapy for the treatment of tumor recurrence. The execution efficiency of the three plans is in the order of H-IMRT > C-IMRT > NC-IMRT. It is necessary to select appropriate radiotherapy equipment and technology according to actual situations.

Objective:To investigate the dosimetric differences between conventional IMRT and electron beam conformal radiotherapy (EBCRT) combined with IMRT for post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients.Methods:A total of 20 post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients who were treated in the Ningbo First Hospital from June 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively studied. The planning target volume (PTV) included the supra-and infra-clavicular regions(PTV sc)and the ipsilateral chest wall (PTV cw), and the prescribed dose was 50 Gy/25 f. All radiotherapy plans were designed using the Varian Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). After that, the dose distribution of the target volume and the dose exposure of organs at risk (OARs) were compared and analyzed. Results:All the IMRT plans met the clinical requirements, yet 2/20 of the EBCRT combined with IMRT plans were not clinically accepted. For these two patients, the maximum chest wall thickness was 3.7 cm and 4.4 cm each, and the designed electron beam energy was 12 MeV and 15 MeV, respectively. The dose to the ipsilateral lung of these two patients exceeded the institution-specific dose limit standard. For the remaining 18 patients whose chest wall thickness was 3 cm or less, the designed electron beams were 9 MeV or less. All the EBCRT combined with IMRT plans were clinically accepted. The target dose distribution of the conventional IMRT was better than that of the EBCRT combined with IMRT (uniformity index (HI): PTV sc: t = -10.20, P<0.05; PTV cw: t = -9.24, P<0.05; conformal index (CI): PTV all: t = 10.39, P <0.05). For OARs, the V5 Gy, V20 Gy, and Dmean of the ipsilateral lung of EBCRT combined with IMRT were lower than those of IMRT ( t = 5.98, 6.30, 11.30, P <0.05). Specifically, the V25 Gy and Dmean of heart decreased by 8.3% and 4.79 Gy, respectively ( t = 15.23, 15.76, P<0.05), the Dmean of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) decreased by 44.03% ( t = 11.69, P <0.05), and the V5 Gy and Dmean of the contralateral breast decreased by 7.9% and 0.8 Gy, respectively ( t = 3.66, 4.93, P<0.05). The dosimetric differences of other OARs were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:For post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients with a chest wall thickness of less than 3 cm, EBCRT combined IMRT can significantly reduce the exposure dose to the heart, the ipsilateral lung, and the contralateral breast, which is beneficial to reducing the potential risk of long-term complications after radiotherapy and can further improve the long-term overall survival rate of patients. For patients with thick chest wall, IMRT plans are more technologically ideal.