The Campylobacter carrier rate of the bile was 23. 64%,14. 29%,7. 14%,6. 64%,5.88%, 5.55% and 3. 63% in the quails, cats, dogs, pigs, chickens, ducks and oxen respectively. The survival time of Campylobacter in the bile in vitro ranged from 4 to 7 weeks. The Campylobacter carrier rate of the intestinal content was higher than that of the bile in all the domestic animals and fowls. It is believed that the domestic animals and fowls may be an important source of Campylobacter infection in human beings according to our findings.

Objective To explore the population-genetics characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) prevailing at the Sichuan basin of China.Methods A total of 413 MTB strains collected from Sichuan basin were genotyped by large sequence polymorphism (LSP) and 15 loci variable number tandem repeat (VNTR).Difference between the distribution of lineage population was analyzed by x 2-test and the discriminatory ability of each VNTR locus was evaluated under the Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index (HGI).Both phylogeny on population level and genetic structure were demonstrated through N-J tree and the Minimal Spanning Tree (MST).Genetic differentiation of different lineage strains was analyzed by Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA).Time of the Most Recent Common Ancestor (TMRCA) was calculated based on the Bayesian model.Results Four hundred and thirteen MTBs were divided into two major lineages,in which the Beijing lineage accounted for 56.2％ (232/413) and the Euro-American lineage for 43.8％ (181/413).There was no significant difference of population distribution between the two lineages (P＞0.05).The N-J tree of Beijing lineage MTB presented distinctly "star-like" and 72.4％ strains were grouped to one clonal complex in MST.The Euro-American lineages MTB presented "branch-like" in N-J tree and were grouped into multiple clonal complexes in MST.There was significant genetic differentiation in Beijing lineage MTBs between Chongqing and Sichuan (FST=0.018 91,P＜0.05),but not in the Euro-American lineage MTB (FST=0.005 19,P＞0.05).TMRCA of the largest clonal complex in Euro-American lineage MTB appeared to be 723 (95％ CI:517-946) years.Conclusion Both Beijing lineage and Euro-American lineage MTBs were competitively prevalent in the Sichuan basin.There was some difference noticed between the two lineages referring to genetic differentiation.The invasion of Euro-American lineages MTB to the basin area might be associated with a war occurred in this area about 720 years ago.

OBJECTIVETo establish a gene identification method of Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis for plague surveillance.

METHODSAccording to the specific genomic sequences of Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis, i.e. "pestis Island (PeI)" and "pseudotuberculosis Island (PsI)" and the published genomic sequences of 12 strains of Y. pestis and 4 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis, the specific identification primers of these sequences were designed.

RESULTSA total of 52 strains of Y. pestis and 57 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis and other intestinal bacteria strains were tested with PCR. Of the 5 pairs of Y. pestis identification primers, PeI2 and PeI11 were specific for Y. pestis. Besides Y. pestis, the primers PeI1, PeI3 and PeI12 could detect part of 57 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains. Of the 5 pairs of Y. pseudotuberculosis identification primers, PsI1 could detect all the 52 strains of Y. pestis and 57 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis. PsI7, PsI16, PsI18 and PsI19 were specific for Y. pseudotuberculosis.

CONCLUSIONThe primers PsI1, PeI 2 and PeI11, PsI7, PsI16, PsI18 and PsI19 can be used in the rapid identification of Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis, which can be also used to explore the circulation of atypical Y. pestis in quiescent plague foci.

Base Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Primers ; Genomics ; Humans ; Plague ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Yersinia pestis ; genetics ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ; genetics

Low targeting efficiency limits the applications of nanoparticles in cancer therapy. The fact that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) trapped in the lung after systemic infusion is a disadvantage for cell therapy purposes. Here, we utilized MSC as lung cancer-targeted drug delivery vehicles by loading nanoparticles (NP) with anti-cancer drug. MSC showed a higher drug intake capacity than fibroblasts. In addition, MSC showed predominant lung trapping in both rabbit and monkey. IR-780 dye, a fluorescent probe used to represent docetaxel (DTX) in NP, delivered MSC accumulated in the lung. Both MSC/A549 cell experiments and MSC/lung cancer experiments validated the intercellular transportation of NP between MSC and cancer cells. assays showed that the MSC/NP/DTX drug delivery system exerted primary tumor inhibition efficiency similar to that of a NP/DTX drug system. Collectively, the MSC/NP drug delivery system is promising for lung-targeted drug delivery for the treatment of lung cancer and other lung-related diseases.