Objective:To study the movement regularity of Ca~(2+) in tooth hard tissue.Methods:14 extracted intact caries-free teeth were cleaned and then immersed into artificial saliva in a divice with 3 chambers for enamel part,dentin part and cement part respectively.The concentration of Ca~(2+) in the chambers was measured with an ion meter,TECHNICON(AXON,USA),24 h after immersion of each tooth.Results:The Ca~(2+) concentration in tooth immersed fluid of enamel part was higher than that of dentin part(P

Object To study the organosulfur compounds of Allium sativum L. Methods Compounds were separated by silica gel column and TLC, HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Results One disulfied, 3-allyldisulfanyl-propenal (Ⅰ) and one dithiin, 3-vinyl-3, 4-dihydro- dithiin-1-oxide (Ⅱ) and one thiosulfinate, (E/Z) 1-propenyl allyl thiosulfinate (Ⅲ) were identified. Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ are new.

ObjectiveTo summarize and review the clinical characteristics of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia with fetal bilateral pleural effusions.MethodsThe clinical data of a newborn diagnosed as congenital pulmonary lymphangiec-tasia with bilateral pleural effusions in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, was summarized. The clinical, radiographic features, treatment and prognosis of this case are discussed in the context of the literature review.ResultsThe premature infants present-ed with rapid progression bilateral pleural effusions, respiratory distress, chylothorax, hypoalbuminemia and persistent pulmo-nary hypertension at birth. The pulmonary surfactant was given and mechanical ventilation was used for respiratory support. NO was inhaled, high-frequency mechanical ventilation was applied and albumin was repeatedly administered. After treatment for 3 months in the NICU, the patient was discharged. After 10 days, the patient was administered to the PICU with severe pneumo-nia, chronic lung disease, mechanical ventilation and anti-infection treatments were applied for 2 months. After living for six months, the baby died.ConclusionsCongenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia is extremely rare and prenatal diagnosis was dif-ifcult. The disease should be considered in patients presented with progressive dyspnea, interstitial emphysema after birth. Lung tissue biopsy and radioisotope scanning should be performed in time to get diagnosis.

Objective To understand the occurrence and the related risk factors of birth defects. Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted on birth detect surveillance in the infants during January 2008 to June 2014. Results A total of 777 cases of birth defect were detected in 73498 infants, and the incidence of birth defect was 1.06%. The 5 most common birth de-fects were congenital heart disease, multi ifnger (toe), hypospadias, cleft lip, and palate and deformity of external ear. Compared infants born with no birth defects, male, preterm, low birth weight, twin and multiple births and resident were statistically higher in infants with birth defects (P<0.05). The major risk factors of birth defects were the medication history, spontaneous abortion, gestational diabetes mellitus, and family history. Conclusions The incidence of birth defect can be reduced by providing good health care during pre-marriage and pregnant so as to decrease the occurrence of premature infants, twins and multiple births, and low birth weight as well as improving prenatal diagnosis and intensifying birth defects surveillance.

Objective To explore the correlations between different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and the heart rate variability (HRV) accompanying patients with chest pain,and to provide a referen()for clinical syndrome differentiation in such patients.Methods A prospective study was conducted.()hundred and seventeen patients with chest pain admitted into Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai U()of TCM from January 2015 to October 2016 were assigned in a study object,and according to the diffe()TCM syndromes,they were divided into syndrome of qi deficiency with blood stasis,the blood sta()the deficiency of qi and yin,suppression of the chest yang,phlegm and blood stasis,qi-stagnan ()syndromes.In the same period,123 healthy people having undergone physical examination wer()control group.The time domain indexes of HRV were recorded by dynamic electrocardiogr()normal control group were compared to those of patients with different TCM syndrom()distribution in different TCM syndromes and various HRV time domain indexes we()cycle time domain indexes were as follows:the average standard deviation o()standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN),24 hours standard deviation of()5 minutes (SDANN),24 hours the mean square root of difference values,()were observed in both groups.Results The chest pain patients a()accounting for the largest proportion (35 cases,29.9％),and ac()smallest proportion (5 cases,4.3％) in the study group;the nu()syndrome (17 cases vs.14 cases),blood stagnation of hea()(6 cases vs.2 cases) and qi-stagnation and blood stasis s()in men;the numbers of patients with deficiency of qi()(4 cases vs.2 cases) in men were more than thos()female patients were lower than those in maj()66.8 (33.4,33.4) vs.103.4 (39.7,135.4),124.7 (88.0,143.4) vs.167.0 (90.5,230.1),84.0 (22.5,132.6) vs.152.4 (31.4,240.0),all P ＜ 0.05].The SDANN in patients with chest discomfort accompanied by any one of the above mentioned types of TCM syndrome was significantly lower than that in the control group,and its degree of descent was more remarkable in the patients with qi deficiency with blood stasis,the blood stagnation of heart and suppression of the chest yang syndromes (ms:74.86± 25.69,80.39± 20.53,70.97± 23.53 vs.131.30± 34.70,all P ＜ 0.05);the SDNN of patients with deficiency of qi and yin syndrome was higher than that in the blood stagnation of heart syndrome,phlegm and blood stasis,and qi-stagnation and blood stasis syndrome significantly (ms:181.25 ± 65.20 vs.97.88± 23.61,84.28 ± 22.34,89.93 ± 8.43,all P ＜ 0.05);the RMSSD of patients with deficiency of qi and yin syndrome was increased significantly compared with that in the healthy controls and in patients with the blood stagnation of heart syndrome (ms:91.94 ± 44.02 vs.28.00± 10.50,32.21 ± 18.25,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with chest pain accompanied by different TCM syndrome types may develop obvious heart rate variability,and the descent of SDANN level was the most significant.The analysis of HRV changes in such patients has positive significance for their diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To analyze related risk factors in resuscitation difficulty in neonates.MethodsLive birth asphyxia neonates with gestational age≥28 weeks (1 minute Apgar score count of 0-7) were included during January 2011 to October 2015. After resuscitation, the neonates were divided into two groups by 5 minutes Apgar score, successful resuscitation group (Apgar score of 8-10) and poor resuscitation group (Apgar score of 0-7). The analysis of related risk factors was performed. Neonates with poor resuscitation assessed by 5 minutes Apgar were continued being resuscitated. After 20 minutes, these neonates were divided into successful resuscitation group (20 minutes Apgar 8-10) and poor resuscitation group (20 minutes Apgar 0-7). The related risk factors analysis was performed once again. ResultsA total of 743 neonates with asphyxia at one minute were included, among whom 130 cases were poor resuscitation and 613 cases were successful resuscitation at 5 minutes. There were obvious correlations of 5 minutes poor resuscitation with premature delivery, low birth weight, 1 minute Apgar score for 0?~?3, intrapartum infectious fever, abnormal placenta, vaginal bleeding during late pregnancy, twin transfusion syndrome, and fetal malformation (P all?

Objective To report two cases of intestinal perforation in one of monochorionic twins and to analyze relevant clinical manifestations based on literature review. Methods Both cases were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University in 2017. Relevant articles were retrieved from PubMed, OVID, Elsevier, Full-text Database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and Wanfang Database from their release dates to February 2018. Clinical manifestations were analyzed through a literature review. Results In case 1, twin boys were born by cesarean section because of selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) Ⅲ at 31+3gestational weeks. Signs of abdominal distention were found in one boy the day after birth, whose birth weight was 1 440 g and Apgar scores was all 9 at 1, 5 and 10 min after birth. A large amount of intra-abdominal gas was shown on abdominal X-ray. He was cured after surgery and discharged later. The other boy was fine. In case 2, twin girls were born by cesarean section because of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) Ⅲ at 29+1gestational weeks. The one suffered from intestinal perforation was 810 g at birth and her Apgar scores was all 8 at 1, 5 and 10 minutes. Pneumoperitoneum were observed on abdominal X-ray 16 h after birth. The baby died because of refusal to further treatment after surgery. The other girl was in good condition. Literature search found no relevant report in mainland China, but ten cases had been reported aboard and five of them died. Most cases of TTTS complicated by intestinal perforation occurred in the recipients. Conclusions Complications of monochorionic twins such as TTTS and sIUGR might be potentially associated with intestinal perforation. Early intervention and evaluation is the key to improve the outcomes.

Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti -inflammatory drug,has good antipyretic and analgesic effects , but also inhibits platelet aggregation and antithrombotic effects ,commonly used in clinical coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in first grade , two grade prevention .The need to pay attention to the medication time , interaction,the risk of bleeding ,medication use in special populations in the process ,to ensure the reasonable clinical medication of aspirin .This review summarizes the research progress of aspirin prophylaxis .

Objective:To explore the risk factors and follow-up outcomes of pediatric heart transplantation(HT).Methods:Between January 2018 and June 2022, perioperative data are retrospectively reviewed for 41 pediatric HT recipients aged <18 years and donor-recipient weight data for infants aged under 3 years at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital.Perioperative survivors are followed up until August 31, 2022 through out patient visits and telephone calls.Postoperative survivals are examined by Kaplan-Meier method and possible risk factors for perioperative survival identify with Logistic regression.Results:There are 22 boys and 19 girls with a median age of 120(58~138)months.After preoperative adjuvant therapy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO), 8 cases had a successful transition to HT and 2 children underwent ABO incompatible(ABOi)HT.Six children aged under 3 years had a donor-recipient weight ratio of 2.95.Among 17 children, there are one or more complications, including continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT, 9 cases, 21.95%), tracheotomy (3 cases, 7.32%), delayed chest closure or redo of sternotomy(6 cases, 14.63%)and acute graft dysfunction(4 cases, 9.76%). Five children died during perioperative period.The possible risk factors for perioperative mortality include preoperative ECMO assistance[ HR: 32.00, 95% CI: (2.83~361.79), P<0.05], preoperative CRRT[ HR: 11.33, 95% CI: (1.15~111.69), P<0.05] and total bilirubin [ HR: 1.02, 95% CI: (1.002~1.040), P<0.05]. During follow-ups, one child died from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease; another case of EBV-associated hepatic leiomyoma underwent transcatheter arterial embolization.With an overall survival rate of 85.37%, the cumulative survival rate is 96.97% for children without preoperative ECMO assistance( P<0.05). Postoperative mortality rate spiked markedly in children with preoperative ECMO assistance ( P=0.0013). However, follow-up results of perioperatively survivors indicate that preoperative usage of ECMO will not affect follow-up survival( P=0.53). In ABOi group or infants aged under 3 years, no mortality occurres postoperatively or during follow-ups. Conclusions:In infant aged under 3 years, the strategies of ABOi HT and large-weight donor HT are both safe and effective and it has no effect upon perioperative and follow-up survivals.Preoperative ECMO assistance, total bilirubin and preoperative use of CRRT are risk factors for perioperative survival.

Objective:To analyze the accuracy of lung ultrasound and chest X-ray in the diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary disease.Methods:We prospectively collected newborns that needed chest X-ray examination to diagnose pulmonary disease from twelve neonatal intensive care units across the country between June 2019 and April 2020.Each newborn was examined by lung ultrasound within two hours after chest X-ray examination.All chest X-ray and lung ultrasound images were independently read by a radiologist and a sonographer.When there was a disagreement, a panel of two experienced physicians made a final diagnosis based on the clinical history, chest X-ray and lung ultrasound images.Results:A total of 1 100 newborns were enrolled in our study.The diagnostic agreement between chest X-ray and lung ultrasound(Cohen′s kappa coefficient=0.347) was fair.Lung ultrasound(area under the curve=0.778; 95% CI 0.753-0.803) performed significantly better than chest X-ray(area under the curve=0.513; 95% CI 0.483-0.543) in the diagnosis of transient tachypnea of the newborn( P<0.001). The accuracy of lung ultrasound in diagnosing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, pneumonia and neonatal pulmonary atelectasis was similar to that of chest X-ray. Conclusion:Lung ultrasound, as a low-cost, simple and radiation-free auxiliary examination method, has a diagnostic accuracy close to or even better than that of chest X-ray, which may replace chest X-ray in the diagnosis of some neonatal lung diseases.It should be noted that both chest X-ray and lung ultrasound can only be used as auxiliary means for the diagnosis of lung diseases, and it is necessary to combine imaging with the clinical history and presentation.