Objective This study evaluated whether liver ischemic preconditioning has delayed protective effect on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury and probe into the protective mechanism.Methods 36 wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, group A:ischemic preconditioning,Group B:Control. The group A rats were subjected to liver ischemic preconditioning,While group B rats were subjected only laparotomy.After 48 hours,Liver tissue samples were abstained to detect the expression of HSP70.Occlusion the inflow vessels to the left and median lobes 45-minute then reperfuse 90-minute.Liver tissue samples were abstained to detect the expression of TNF-?.Serum ALT was detected before ischemia and after 90-minute reperfusion.Results The serum ALT level in group A is much lower than that in group B (P

Objective To investigate the effects of miR-335-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblasts which were exposed to high glucose condition, and explore its possible molecular mechanisms. Methods MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were divided into four groups:control group(5. 5 mmol/L glucose), high glucose group(HG group, 22. 0 mmol/L glucose), agomir-335-5p group(transfected with agomir-335-5p and exposed to 22. 0 mmol/L glucose) , and agomir negative control group( agomir NC group, transfected with agomir negative control and exposed to 22. 0 mmol/L glucose), cultured for 7 days. Cell proliferaton, cell apoptosis, expressions of miR-335-5p and dickkopfhomolog1(DKK1)mRNA,proteinlevelsofDKK1andcysteinylaspartate-specificproteinase-3(caspase-3) were detected using MTT, flow cytometry, quantitative realtime PCR and western blot, respectively. Results Compared with control group, the expression of miR-335-5p mRNA and cell proliferation in HG group were significantly decreased(P<0. 05), while cell apoptosis and the protein levels of DKK1 and caspase-3 were increased significantly(P<0. 05), the expression of DKK1 mRNA did not change (P>0. 05). The miR-335-5p mRNA expression and cell proliferation in agomir-335-5p group were higher than those in HG group and agomir NC group(P<0. 05). However, Cell apoptosis and the protein levels of DKK1 and caspase-3 in agomir-335-5p group were lower than those in HG group(P<0. 05). Conclusion High glucose inhibits the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast through decreasing the expression of miR-335-5p and subsequently increasing the DKK1 expression.

Objective To systematically review the literature evaluating efficacy and adverse events of propranolol for infantile hemangiomas (IHs).Methods We searched the Cochrane,Medline,Wiley,CNKI and Wanfang Databases for all studies on the response of IHs to propranolol only which were published between June 2008 and May 2013.Results A total of 23 studies were collected,including 14 case reports and 2 follow-up studies which were without random and control;another 6 studies were clinical controlled trials and 1 study was RCT.Total 716 patients were included,and never received other treatments before propranolol.Propranolol was initiated at a mean age of (4.5 ± 0.5)months at a mean dose of 2.1 mg/kg/day and for a mean treatment duration of (9.7±9.2) months.The effective rate for patients with IHs treated with propranolol was 97％ (691/716),and patients after treatment completion reported IHs recurred in 8.6 ％ of patients.The adverse effects rate was 31％(223/7167) which most common adverse events were changes in sleep (n=35),gastrointestinal reaction (n =52) and decreased heart rate (n =73),and 5 patients discontinued the treatment because of the serious adverse events.Conclusions This systematic review of 716 patients treated with propranolol for IHs show a high rate of efficacy and a low rate of serious adverse events,and it is a better treatment of infantile hemangioma,but we should pay more attention to the serious adverse events and strictly select indications.

Objective: To investigate the genotypes of enteroviruses causing hand, foot and mouth disease ( HFMD ) in Shaoxing City, so as to provide insights into HFMD control. Methods: The anal and pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from HFMD cases under 14 years of age reported by sentinel hospitals of HFMD in Shaoxing City from 2018 to 2020. The enterovirus genotypes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay and sequenced by BLAST, and the constitution and temporal distribution of enterovirus genotypes were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 1 267 anal and pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from children with HFMD, and 661 specimens were positive for enteroviruses, with a positive rate of 52.17%. Among the 661 enterovirus-positive specimens, 70 specimens were tested positive for EV71 ( 5.52% ), 208 specimens tested positive for CoxA16 ( 16.42% ), 239 specimens tested positive for CoxA6 ( 18.86% ); 23 specimens tested positive for CoxA10 (1.82%), and 121 specimens tested positive for other 10 genotypes, including CoxA2, CoxA4, and CoxA5. The prevalence rates of EV71 were 14.08%, 0.72% and 1.84% from 2018 to 2020, and the detection of EV71 peaked during the period between April and July, 2018. The prevalence rates of CoxA16 were 10.98%, 26.57% and 11.98 from 2018 to 2020, and the detection of CoxA16 peaked during the period between April and August, and between November and December, 2019. The prevalence rates of CoxA6 were 10.50%, 14.73% and 30.88% from 2018 to 2020, and the detection of CoxA6 peaked during the period between May and December, 2020. Conclusions EV71, CoxA16 and CoxA6 were predominant enterovirus genotypes causing HFMD in Shaoxing City from 2018 to 2020, and the detection of CoxA6 appeared a tendency towards a rise.

Objective : To investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of 10 patients with enterovirus (EV)-D68 infections in the respiratory tract in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into formulation of control interventions for EV-D68 infections. Methods: Clinical specimens were sampled from patients with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) admitted to sentinel hospitals in Shaoxing City from 2021 to 2022, and EV-D68 was detected using real-time fluorescent PCR assay and sequencing of the VP1 region of enterovirus. The epidemiological and etiological characteristics of EV-D68 infected cases were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 3 009 specimens were sampled from patients with ARTIs from 2021 to 2022, and the detection of EV-D68 was 0.33%. Of all EV-D68-infected patients, there were 6 men and 4 women, and 5 cases under 18 years of age, 2 cases at ages of 18 to 60 years and 3 cases at ages of over 60 years. EV-D68 infection predominantly occurred in summer (5 cases detected between May and July) and autumn (5 cases detected between September and October). The main clinical symptoms included fever (10 cases), sore throat (9 cases) and cough (8 cases), and all 10 cases recovered well, with no deaths reported. Sequencing identified D3 subtype in all 10 specimens positive for EV-D68. Conclusions The ARTIs caused by EV-D68 occurred predominantly among children under 18 years of age in Shaoxing City, and was highly prevalent in summer and autumn. D3 was the predominant enterovirus subtype.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into management of viral diarrhea. Methods: The surveillance data on viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022 were collected, including demographics and stool testing results. The epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 763 diarrheal children under 5 years of age were reported in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022, and 236 children were tested positive for virus (30.93%). The detection of virus was 49.01%, 31.61%, 20.43% and 21.89% from 2019 to 2022, which appeared an overall tendency towards a decline (P<0.05). The incidence of viral diarrhea peaked from November to March of the next year and from May to July, and the detection of virus was lower among children with diarrhea living in urban areas (Yuecheng District, Keqiao District and Shangyu District) than among those in suburb areas (Zhuji City, Shengzhou City and Xinchang County) (30.22% vs. 52.00%, P<0.05). There were 206 children tested positive for a single virus, and the detection rates of rotavirus (RV), enteric adenovirus (EAdV), norovirus (NoV), and sapovirus (SaV) were 9.57%, 8.91%, 8.39%, and 0.13%, respectively. There were 25 children with virus co-infections, and the positive rates of EAdV and NoV, RV and EAdV and RV and NoV co-infections were 1.31%, 1.18% and 0.79%, respectively. There were 5 children with triple infections of RV, EAdV and NoV (0.66%). The highest detection of EAdV was seen in April, the highest detection of RV and NoV was seen in January, while SaV was only detected in April. Conclusion The incidence of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age peaked in winter and spring in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022, and the cases predominantly occurred in urban areas. The detection of virus appeared an overall tendency towards a decline, with high detection of RV, EAdV and NoV.

Objective To discuss the relationship between TCM syndromes and peritoneal fluid cytokine IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α of endometriosis infertility patients, and provide thoughts for clinical treatment. Methods Totally 105 patients of endometriosis infertility were differentiated to six syndrome groups, including kidney deficiency and blood stasis, qi stagnation and blood stasis, heat stagnation and blood stasis, cold congelation and blood stasis, qi deficiency and blood stasis, phlegm-dampness stagnation. Thirty patients of non-endometriosis infertility were selected as control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Results In 105 cases of EM infertility, 35 cases (33.33%) were syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis, 22 cases (20.95%) were syndrome of cold congelation and blood stasis, 18 cases (17.14%) were syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis, 10 cases (9.52%) were syndrome of heat stagnation and blood stasis, 11 cases (10.48%) were syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis, 9 cases (8.57%) were phlegm-dampness stagnation syndrome. The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-αin each syndrome group of EM infertility were higher than control group (P<0.01). IL-6 level in kidney deficiency and blood stasis group were higher than other syndrome groups (P<0.05). The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in kidney deficiency and blood stasis group, and heat stagnation and blood stasis group were higher than other syndrome groups (P<0.05). IL-8 in kidney deficiency and blood stasis group was higher than that in heat stagnation and blood stasis group (P<0.05). Conclusion TCM syndromes in patients with endometriosis infertility have some relevance with peritoneal fluid cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, which may guide clinical understanding and treatment of endometriosis infertility.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2022, so as provide insights into improvements of the HFRS control strategy. Methods: Data pertaining to HFRS cases in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2022 were captured from the Surveillance System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The temporal, population and regional distributions of HFRS were analyzed using the descriptive epidemiological method, and the trends in incidence of HFRS were evaluated using annual percent change (APC). Results: Totally 1 022 HFRS cases were reported in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2022, with annual average incidence of 1.22/105 and three deaths. The incidence of HFRS appeared a tendency towards a decline in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2022 (APC=-11.101%, t=-9.930, P<0.001), and the incidence of HFRS peaked from May to June and from November to January of the next year. A higher incidence of HFRS was seen in men than in women (1.76/105 vs. 0.68/105; χ2=201.361, P<0.001). There were 714 HFRS cases at ages of 30 to 59 years (69.86%), and farmers were the predominant occupation (78.18%). The three counties with the largest number of HFRS cases included Zhuji (366 cases), Xinchang (263 cases) and Shengzhou (134 cases). The incidence of HFRS was lower in urban districts (Yuecheng, Keqiao and Shangyu) than in counties (Zhuji, Shengzhou and Xinchang) (0.58/105 vs. 1.96/105; χ2=326.880, P<0.001). Conclusion The incidence of HFRS appeared a tendency towards a decline in Shaoxing City from 2006 to 2022, and the incidence was high in late spring, early summer and winter. The HFRS cases were mainly males, young and middle-aged people, and farmers, and predominantly distributed in counties. Targeted control measures are needed.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS) has various medicinal effects, including anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. Despite the extensive research on SS, its molecular mechanisms of action on lung cancer are unclear. This study examined the impact of an SS alcohol extract (SAE) on lung cancer using in vitro and in vivo models.MATERIALS/METHODS: Different concentrations of SAE were used to culture lung cancer cells (A549 and H1650). A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the survival ability of A549 and H1650 cells. A scratch assay and transwell cell invasion assay were used to detect the migration rate and invasive ability of SAE. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3). Lung cancer xenograft mice were used to detect the inhibiting ability of SAE in vivo.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the effect of SAE on the structural changes to the tumor and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cyclin D1, CDK4, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in lung cancer xenograft mice. RESULTS: SAE could inhibit lung cancer proliferation significantly in vitro and in vivo without cytotoxicity. SAE suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The SAE treatment significantly decreased the proapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the expression of pro-proliferative proteins Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SAE also inhibited STAT3 expression. CONCLUSIONS SAE reduced the cell viability and suppressed cell migration and invasion in human lung cancer cells. Moreover, SAE also exhibited anti-proliferation effects in vivo. Therefore, SAE may have benefits in cancer therapy.

OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence and relationship between screen time and sub-health status among middle school students in weekdays and weekends.

METHODSWith multistage stratified random cluster sampling, 14 400 students from junior and senior middle schools in 288 classes of 30 schools in 4 cities( Shenyang, Chongqing, Xinxiang, Guangzhou) were investigated in October, 2011. A total of 13 817 valid questionnaires were retained for analysis. Survey content includes general demographic information, screen time, sub-health state. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between screen time and sub-health status.

RESULTSThe screen time among middle school students > 2 h/d on weekdays and weekends were 15.1% (2 085/13 817) and 58.5% (8 077/13 817) , respectively. Among them, the boys' screen time > 2 h/d on weekdays and weekends were 17.9% (1 187/6 644) and 61.3% (4 070/6 644), which were higher than girls (12.5% (898/7 173), 55.9% (4 007/7 173) )(χ² values were 76.95 and 41.35, respectively. P < 0.01). The prevalence of physical sub-health status, psychological sub-health status and sub-health status were 24.8% (3 431/13 817), 21.7% (2 997/13 817) and 22.1% (3 051/13 817), respectively. Among them, the girls' prevalence of physical sub-health status, psychological sub-health status and sub-health status were 26.0% (1 863/7 173), 22.9% (1642/7 173) and 23.1% (1 658/7 173) ), respectively, which were higher than boys' (23.6% (1 568/6 644), 20.4% (1 355/6 644) and 21.0% (1 393/6 644)) (χ² values were 10.39, 12.66 and 9.25, respectively. P < 0.05). The senior students' prevalence of physical sub-health status, psychological sub-health status and sub-health status were 31.6% (2 176/6 884) , 28.3% (1 946/6 884) and 28.9% (1 990/6 884), respectively, which were higher than junior students' (18.1% (1 255/6 933), 15.2% (1 051/6 933) and 15.3% (1 061/6 933)) (χ² values were 337.65, 349.46 and 371.54, respectively, P < 0.05). After adjusting on demographic characteristics, compared with screen time ≤ 2 h/d on weekday, screen time > 2 h/d on weekday was significantly associated with physical sub-health status, psychological sub-health status and sub-health status (OR (95% CI): 1.39 (1.25-1.55), 1.62 (1.45-1.81) and 1.59 (1.43-1.78)). And compared with screen time ≤ 2 h/d on weekend, screen time > 2 h/d on weekend was also significantly associated with physical sub-health status, psychological sub-health status and sub-health status (OR(95% CI):1.49 (1.37-1.61), 1.81 (1.66-1.98), and 1.71 (1.57-1.87)).

CONCLUSIONThe rate of the screen time > 2 h/d and the detection ratio of sub-health among the middle school students in Shenyang, Chongqing, Xinxiang, Guangzhou in 2011 were high. Screen time >2 h/d on weekdays or weekends was a risk factor for sub-health status.

Adolescent ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; Data Collection ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Microcomputers ; statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Sex Factors ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Television ; statistics & numerical data ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data