OBJECTIVE To study the immunomodulatory effect of Guipi pills on D-galactose（D-gal）-induced aging mice. METHODS The immune-related targets and related pathways for Guipi pills to exert immune effects were screened by network pharmacology and verified through pharmacodynamic experiments. Totally 105 male ICR mice were randomly divided into blank control （CON） group， model control （MOD） group， positive control （POS） group， Guipi pills low-dose （GD） group and Guipi pills high-dose （GG） group. Except for the CON group， other groups were subcutaneously injected with 400 mg/kg D-gal to induce the aging model； CON group and MOD group were given distilled water， POS group was given 300 mg/kg pidotimod oral solution intragastrically， GD group and GG group were given Guipi pills 300， 600 mg/kg intragastrically， once a day， for 8 weeks. After medication， the serum and spleen were collected， and the contents of interleukin 2 （IL-2）， IL-4， IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， and the contents of immunoglobulin G （IgG）， IgM and IgA were detected. The spleen index was calculated and the histopathological changes in the spleen were observed. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione peroxidase （GSH- Px） and malondialdehyde （MDA）， and the content of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine （8-OHdG） in spleen were detected； the expression of TNF/phosphoinositide-3-kinase-threonine protein kinase （PI3k-Akt）-related proteins in spleen was detected except for POS group. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology showed that TNF， IL-6 and Akt1 were core targets. The results of pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with MOD group， the contents of IL-2， IL-4， IgG， IgM and IgA were increased significantly in Guipi pills groups， while the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased significantly； the spleen index was increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The phenomenon of diffuse proliferation of lymphocytes was improved， the spleen cells were closely arranged， and the line between the white pulp and red pulp was clear. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in spleen were increased significantly， while the activity of MDA， the content of 8-OHdG， and the protein expressions of TNF-α， PI3K and p-Akt were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Guipi pills can regulate the immune function of D-gal-induced aging mice， which is related to regulating the TNF/PI3k-Akt pathway， thereby reducing oxidative stress damage in spleen tissue of mice， and regulating protein expressions of TNF-α， PI3K and p-Akt.

Objectives To study the effect of preoperative platelet transfusion for splenectomy and devascularization in the prevention of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding.Methods The 230 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension who received splenectomy and periesophagogastric davascularization were divided into strata A,B and C according to the platelet counts.Stratum A patients had a platelet count of less than 30× 10/L,B between 30× 10/L and 50× 109/L,and C more than 50 × 109/L.The patients in each stratum were then randomly divided into a preoperative transfusion group (T group) and a non-transfusion group (NT group).The amounts of intraoperative bleeding,postoperative drainage in 48 hours after operation,rates of postoperative bleeding,and general medical conditions were compared.Results A comparison in stratum A showed lower amounts of intraoperative bleeding and 48 hour postoperative drainage,and a lower rate of bleeding in the T group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the T and the NT groups in strata B and C (P＞0.05).Conclusions For patients with a platelet count lower than 30 × 109/L,preoperative platelet transfusion significantly reduced bleeding suggesting that preoperative platelet transfusion for splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization should be a routine.For those patients whose platelet count was above 30 × 109/L,platelet transfusion is not recommended.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of Purple frute scens leaves polysaccharides （PPLPs）on oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway of pancreatic tissues in diabetes mellitus （DM）model mice. METHODS ：Totally 60 mice were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ （60 mg/kg）to induce DM model. The 40 successful modeling mice were randomly divided into model group ，metformin group （positive control ，200 mg/kg），PPLPs high-dose and low-dose groups （400，200 mg/kg），with 10 mice in each group. Another 10 healthy mice were selected as the normal group （normal saline ）. They were given relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 28 days. During the experiment ，general information and body weight of mice were observed ；oral glucose tolerance （OGTT）test（determining FBG at 0，30，60，120 min after giving 40％ glucose solution ）was conducted. After last medication ，the changes of related blood glucose indexes （FBG，FINS，ISI，IRI）， blood lipid indexes （HDL-C，LDL-C，TC，TG）and oxidant stress indexes （MDA content and the activities of SOD ，CAT， GSH-Px）as well as the protein expressions of PI 3K，p-AKT and GLUT 4 in pancreatic tissue were determined. RESULTS ：During the experiment ，compared with normal group ，the mice were slow in action ，the feed consumption and water consumption increased，and body weight significantly increased in model group （P＜0.05）. 0，30，60，120 min after giving glucose ，the FBG content of mice were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）. After last medication ，the contents of FINS and HDL-C in serum as well as ISI ，the activities of SOD ，CAT and GSH-Px as well as the protein expressions of PI 3K，p-AKT and GLUT 4 in pancreatic tissue were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；the contents of FBG and LDL-C ，TC and TG in serum as well as IRI ， 疗。E-mail：sunguangping83@163.com MDA content in pancreatic tissue were all increased significantly（P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，the general condition and OGTT of mice in each administration group was improved；the contents of FINS and HDL-C in serum as well as ISI ，the activities of SOD ，CAT and GSH-Px as well as the protein expressions of PI 3K，p-AKT and GLUT 4 in pancreatic tissue were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）；the contents of FBG，LDL-C，TC and TG in serum as well as IRI ，MDA content of pancreatic tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：PPLPs has anti-diabetic effects ，which are related to reducting oxidative stress level and promoting the activation of PI 3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signal pathway family are important signal transduction pathways, which widely exit in cells. They are able to make particular physiological responses induced by multiple extracellular signals or stimulus, such as changes of osmotic pressures, ischemic/reperfusion, inflammation and so on, that means they can mediate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The physiological responses mediated by MAPK signal pathway make great scene to the progression and healing of eye wounds, therefore researchers may highlight the pathway in research.

Objcctivc: To detect the mRNA expression leveb of inflammatory-related factors NLRP3, caspase-1. IL-lp. and 1L-18 in the murine macrophages infected by periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid, and to discuss the effects of penodontitis patient' s own tissue nucleic acid on the inflammation-related factors in the macro. hacs. Methods: The mflammator. . eriodontal tissue sam. les were collected durin . eriodontal fla. surcr. of the chronic periodontitis patients, and the healthy periodontal tissue samples were collected from the patients without any periodontal diseases undergoing crown lengthening surgery. Then the total RNA from gingival tissue was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA. The cultured mouse macrophages RAW264. 7 were divided into control group and experiment group, then the healthy periodontal tissue cDNA and inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA (the cDNA at a concentration of 1 mg • L ) were added into the RAW264. 7 cells, respectively. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of NLRP3 . Caspase-1. 1L-1(3. and 1L-18 in the macrophages in various groups at 4. 6 and 8 h after incubation. Rcsilts: The microscope observation showed that the mouse macrophages RAW264. 7 grew well with round and polygon shapes, clear cytoplasm, and full cell body. Compared with control group, the expression levels of NLRP3. Caspase-1. 1L-10. and 1L-18 mRNA in the RAW264. 7 cells in experiment group at 4. 6. and 8 h were increased significantly ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). and the expresaon levels of NLRP3. Caspase-1. 1L-10. and 1L-18 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells at 6 h in experiment group were the highest. Ccoclusico. The periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acids can promote the mRNA expressions of inflammation- related factors in the RAW264. 7 cells, suggesting that the periodontitis patient' s own tissue nucleic acid has an immunomodulatory effect on the activation of RAW264. 7 cells.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect and treatment strategy of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) in the treatment of calcified L5S1 lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A total of 15 patients with calcified L5S1 lumbar disc herniation were selected and treated with PEID combined with variable power system. The Visual Analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODD scores of the patients were evaluated before operation, and Id, 1 week, 3 months, 6 months after operation. Macnab score was used to evaluate the curative effect of the patients 6 months after operation. Results: The scores of VAS and ODI of the patients Id, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after operation were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0. 05); the modified Macnab score showed that the excellent and good rate was 86. 67%; the postoperative image results showed that the calcification area of intervertebral disc was removed, the nerve root was decompressed effectively, and there were no nerve root injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and infection. Conclusion: PEID combined with variable power system can effectively treat the calcified L5S1 lumbar disc herniation with the advantages of less trauma, short operation time and short recovery period.

Objective: To study the expressions of cell polarity related proteins CDC42 and PAR3 during tooth germ development in the mice, and to discuss their possible roles during tooth development in the mice. Methods: The whole heads were obtained from the mouse embryo on the days 13. 5, 14. 5, 16. 5 and 18. 5 (E13. 5, E14. 5, E16. 5 and E18. 5) and the mice on the postnatal days 1 (PN1) and 5 (PN5). The tissues were fixed in paraformaldehyde, decalcified, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. The histology of tooth germ was observed by HE staining. The expressions of CDC42 and PAR3 during tooth germ development were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results: The HE staining results showed that E13. 5, E14. 5, E16. 5 and E18. 5 were the bud stage, the cap stage, the early and the late bell stage of tooth germ development, respectively; the tooth germ of PN1 mice showed the matured odontoblasts and ameloblasts; the tooth germ of PN5 mice showed the completed tooth crown development. The immunohistochemistry staining results showed that CDC42 expressed in the tooth germ of the mice at E13. 5, E14. 5 and E16. 5; the CDC42 expression at E 18. 5 was reduced compared with E13. 5, E14. 5 and E16. 5; CDC42 mainly expressed in the odontoblasts and ameloblasts of the tooth germ of the mice at PN1 and PN5; PAR3 weakly expressed in the tooth germ of the mice at E13. 5 and E14. 5, and it was increased at E16. 5 and E18. 5. At PN1 and PN5, the expressions of PAR3 were decreased compared with E18. 5. Conclusion: CDC42 and PAR3 participat in the mouse tooth development; during the early stage of tooth germ development, they may be involved in the proliferation and migration of mouse dental germ; during the late stage, CD42 and PAR3 may be involved in the differentiation of the odontoblasts and the ameloblasts, especially in the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity.

BACKGROUNDPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) causes endothelial damage, resulting in an inflammatory response with elevation of markers such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), which are associated with restenosis after PCI. Evidence suggests that microRNA-126 (miR-126) plays an important role in vascular inflammation, but its correlation with PCI-mediated inflammation has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effect of PCI on circulating miR-126 and inflammation markers such as hs-CRP and VCAM-1.

METHODSWe enrolled 130 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Second Hospital of Jilin University from October 2015 to December 2015. Among them, 82 patients with CAD, defined as at least one major epicardial vessel with >70% stenosis who planned to undergo PCI, were divided into acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group (46 patients) and stable angina (SA) group (36 patients). Forty-eight patients confirmed by coronary angiography without PCI were used as controls. The plasmas of all patients were collected prior to PCI and at 30 min, 24 h, and 72 h after PCI. The plasma VCAM-1 and hs-CRP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the miR-126 was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSPlasma concentrations of hs-CRP and VCAM-1 in patients with either ACS (n = 46) or SA (n = 36) were significantly higher than in controls (n = 48) (P < 0.01) prior to PCI, and increased further at 24 h and 72 h after PCI, compared with prior PCI. Moreover, VCAM-1 was positively correlated with balloon time and pressure. In contrast, the plasma concentration of miR-126 was significantly lower in patients with CAD than in controls, and further decreased with time post-PCI. A negative correlation was observed between miR-126 and hs-CRP and VCAM-1 at 72 h after PCI.

CONCLUSIONThere was a negative correlation of miR-126 with the PCI-induced markers of inflammation such as hs-CRP and VCAM-1.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; Angina, Stable ; blood ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; surgery ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood

This study was aimed to investigate the impact of vWF A1381T polymorphism (rs216311) and ABO blood group on von Willebrand factor level in plasma. 120 healthy volunteers, aging from 19 to 33 years (average 24) were recruited. The vWF:Ag level in plasma was determined by ELISA. vWF gene A1381T polymorphisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequenced when necessary. The data were grouped by gender, blood group and/or genotype. The difference of plasma vWF level between male and female were analyzed by independent sample t test. One way ANOVA were used to analyze the difference of vWF level in each blood group of genotype while factorial design ANOVA were used to test the difference of vWF level in plasma between A1381T genotype and/or ABO blood groups. The results showed that analysis of plasma vWF level in 120 volunteers of both male (60) and female (60) demonstrated no statistical difference (t = 1.039, p = 0.301). The vWF level was lower in blood type O group than that in non-O group (p < 0.001); the plasma vWF level in AA mutant of vWF A1381T gene polymorphism was lower than that in AG and GG mutant (p = 0.003 and 0.019, respectively). In blood type O group, the vWF plasma level in AG mutant of vWF A1381T gene polymorphism resulted in non-difference (p = 0.070) compared with AA or AG mutant, while there was significant difference in vWF of plasma level when contrast tests were applied (t = 2.321 and p = 0.028, respectively). In non-O group, the plasma vWF level in AG mutant of vWF A1381T gene polymorphism were significantly different from AA mutant (p = 0.032). It is concluded that plasma vWF level unrelated with gender but interrelates with ABO blood groups. Plasma vWF level in vWF gene A1381T polymorphism with AA mutant is significantly lower than that with AG and GG mutant. In blood type O group, plasma vWF level in vWF gene A1381T polymorphism with AG mutant is higher than that with AA and GG mutant. In non-O group, the vWF plasma level in A1381T gene polymorphism with AG mutant is significantly higher than that with AA mutant. This change may be beneficial to understand some diseases, especially cardio-cerebral vascular diseases.
ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma ; chemistry ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult ; von Willebrand Factor ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of ultrasonic wave on extracting Konjac Glucomannan(KGM) in Konjac refined powder.

METHODFree reduced sugar in Konjac refined powder was removed and Konjac refined powder in the aqueous solution was processed by ultrasonic wave and KGM content was measured by spectrophotometry.

RESULTKGM content in the Konjac refined powder aqueous solution by ultrasonic process at fixed 40 kHz, 100 W, 30-45 min was equal to that by routine method at 4 h; whereas, by 1 h of ultrasonic process, KGM content was significantly enhanced than that by 4 h of routine method(P < 0.01), enhancement rate was 6.5%. Linearity of standard glucose was good (r = 0.9996) in range of 0.2-1.6 mg. The average recovery was 97.8%, RSD of repeatability was 1.27%.

CONCLUSIONUltrasonic extraction in aqueous solution is a reliable and rapid method that can enhance extraction efficiency of KGM in Konjac refined powder.

Amorphophallus ; chemistry ; Mannans ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Powders ; Ultrasonics