1.Regional analysis of HIV-1 viral load changes among AIDS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy in 2009-2014
Henggen YANG ; Wenya WU ; Wenjin SU ; Min ZHONG ; Shuheng YANG ; Jilin MU
International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2016;37(8):1044-1045,1048
Objective To analyze the changes of HIV‐1 viral load and virological efficacy of treatment effects for AIDS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy from 2009 to 2014 in Lincang City .Methods Monitored the HIV‐1 viral load for 13 491 cases of AIDS patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) from 2009-2014 in Lincang City of Yunnan and analyze the monitoring data .If the patients had treated with HAART were still with viral load greater than 1 000 copy/mL ,the treatment was defined as a failed treatment or a virological failure .Results The total rate of virological failure was 14 .34% (1 935/13 491) . The rate of virological failure of children group was 15 .53% (50/322) ,and of adults group was 14 .31% (1 885/13 169) .There was no statistically significant difference between childeren and adults(χ2 =0 .38 ,P>0 .38) .The rate of virological failure in males was 16 .34% (1 156/7 076) ,and 12 .14% (779/6 415) in females ,the difference was statistically significant between men and female (χ2 =48 .16 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Antiretroviral treatment can delay the disease progression and improve the life quality .
2.Advances in revision surgery after primary total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type Ⅳ developmental dysplasia of the hip.
Yi LIU ; Shuqiang LI ; Qisheng CHENG ; Jie MU
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery 2023;37(12):1548-1555
OBJECTIVE:
To review research advances of revision surgery after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with Crowe type Ⅳ developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
METHODS:
The recent literature on revision surgery after primary THA in patients with Crowe type Ⅳ DDH was reviewed. The reasons for revision surgery were analyzed and the difficulties of revision surgery, the management methods, and the related prosthesis choices were summarized.
RESULTS:
Patients with Crowe type Ⅳ DDH have small anteroposterior diameter of the acetabulum, large variation in acetabular and femoral anteversion angles, severe soft tissue contractures, which make both THA and revision surgery more difficult. There are many reasons for patients undergoing revision surgery after primary THA, mainly due to aseptic loosening of the prosthesis. Therefore, it is necessary to restore anatomical structures in primary THA, as much as possible and reduce the generation of wear particles to avoid postoperative loosening of the prosthesis. Due to the anatomical characteristics of Crowe type Ⅳ DDH, the patients have acetabular and femoral bone defects, and the repair and reconstruction of bone defects become the key to revision surgery. The acetabular side is usually reconstructed with the appropriate acetabular cup or combined metal block, Cage, or custom component depending on the extent of the bone defect, while the femoral side is preferred to the S-ROM prosthesis. In addition, the prosthetic interface should be ceramic-ceramic or ceramic-highly cross-linked polyethylene wherever possible.
CONCLUSION
The reasons leading to revision surgery after primary THA in patients with Crowe type Ⅳ DDH and the surgical difficulties have been clarified, and a large number of clinical studies have proposed corresponding revision modalities based on which good early- and mid-term outcomes have been obtained, but further follow-up is needed to clarify the long-term outcomes. With technological advances and the development of new materials, personalized prostheses for these patients are expected to become a reality.
Humans
;
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/methods*
;
Hip Prosthesis
;
Hip Dislocation, Congenital/surgery*
;
Reoperation
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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip/surgery*
;
Acetabulum/surgery*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Treatment Outcome
3.Comparison of Microdroplet Digital PCR Assays with Real-time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR for Clostridioides difficile Detection.
Cai Hong YIN ; Zhan Yun SONG ; Xing Xing LIU ; Xiao Mu WANG ; Ying WANG ; Cheng Cheng GAO ; Xiu Ling SONG ; Xin FENG
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023;36(7):653-657
4.Prediction of the relationship between the mandibular and craniofacial bone and cervical vertebrae based on a genetic algorithm in patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion
MU Qili ; YANG Luyi ; ZHAO Xuejiao ; YAN Jing ; YU Miao ; WANG Liyao ; WANG Huan
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases 2019;27(11):711-717
Objective:
To explore the correlation between the parameters of the mandible and parameters of cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone in class Ⅱ skeletal patients in Northeast China and to establish correlation equations expressing the relationship between the mandible and cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone directly and quantitatively for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics and orthognathics and for prediction.
Methods :
The mandible, cranial facial bone and cervical vertebrae of 201 children and adolescents aged 8 to 20 years were measured using digital cranial lateral tablets. All of the cases were divided into male (n=75) and female (n=126) groups using a sensitivity analysis method based on genetic algorithms to select the craniofacial bone and cervical bone with strong sensitivity to mandible parameters and to establish relevant equations.
Results :
Through sensitivity analysis, the parameters with the strongest correlation between the measured values of the mandible were H4 and SN, those with a strong correlation were SN-Ar, the anterior and posterior high ratio SGo/NGn, the Y axis angle and mandibular angle Ar-Go-Gn. The established equation was as follows: males: Ar-Pg=28.415+1.818×H4+0.746×SN(r2=0.056 8, P < 0.001); females: Ar-Pg=15.168+1.706×H4+0.675×SN+0.31×SN-Ar-0.29×Y axis angle (r2=0.611, P < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the predicted values obtained by the established equations and measured values (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
The mandibular length equation established by sensitivity analysis and genetic algorithms is statistically significant and can predict a certain degree of growth and development.
5.Mass screening prostate cancer and clinical comparison.
Rui ZHAO ; Xiang-bo KONG ; Mu-chun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2009;47(10):734-736
OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of the mass screening by analyzing the features of prostate cancer between mass screening patients and clinical patients.
METHODSFrom January 2000 to January 2008, 441 cases of prostate cancer (including 122 patients from clinical diagnosis and 319 patients from mass screening 23 183 men who were more than 50 years old) were analyzed from age, digital rectal examination (DRE), serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and range, the Gleason's score and grade, clinical staging and therapy.
RESULTS42.0% of mass screening patients were inspected by DRE, it was lower than that (79.5%) in the clinical patients. The percent of patients with serum PSA levels of less than 10.0 microg/L in mass screening group was higher than in clinical group, while the percent of patients with serum PSA levels of more than 20.0 microg/L in mass screening group was lower than in clinical group. The percent of moderately differentiated degree of prostate cancer in mass screening group was higher than in clinical group, but it was on the contrary for poorly differentiated degree of prostate cancer. The percent of T1-2 prostate cancers in mass screening group was 56.1%, which was higher than 25.4% in clinical group. While, the percent of T3-4 tumors in mass screening group was lower than in clinical group. The percent of men undergoing radical prostatectomy in mass screening group was 18.2%, which was higher than 9.8% in clinical group. The percent of men of locally advanced and far metastasis in mass screening group was 26.0%, while was lower than 46.0% in clinical group.
CONCLUSIONGeneral investigation for prostate cancer is benefit to find asymptomatic cancer of early stage.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology
6.Digital retinal camera for screening of retinopathy of prematurity.
Hui WU ; Yu DONG ; Xin MU ; Xiao-Hong LI ; Chao-Ying YAN
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2010;12(10):774-776
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the practicability and efficacy of digital retinal camera (RetCam) as a method for early diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
METHODSOne hundred and twelve preterm infants admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2007 to March 2008 were enrolled. Fundus examinations were performed by indirect ophthalmoscope and RetCam respectively. The results from RetCam were compared with those from indirect ophthalmoscopy which was a "gold standard" for ROP screening.
RESULTSROP was identified in 46 eyes by RetCam, and in 43 eyes by indirect ophthalmoscope. The sensitivity of RetCamII was 97.7% (43/44) and the specificity was 98.3% (177/180), and the positive and negative predictive values were 93.5% and 99.4%, respectively. The concordance rate for identification of ROP between RetCam and indirect ophthalmoscopy was 97.3%.
CONCLUSIONSRetCam is an effective method for the identification of ROP and is worth recommending.
Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Photography ; methods ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; diagnosis ; epidemiology
7.Associations of cholecystectomy with the risk of colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.
Lanlan CHEN ; Zhongqi FAN ; Xiaodong SUN ; Wei QIU ; Wentao MU ; Kaiyuan CHAI ; Yannan CAO ; Guangyi WANG ; Guoyue LV
Chinese Medical Journal 2023;136(7):840-847
BACKGROUND:
Cholecystectomy is a standard surgery for patients suffering from gallbladder diseases, while the causal effects of cholecystectomy on colorectal cancer (CRC) and other complications are still unknown.
METHODS:
We obtained genetic variants associated with cholecystectomy at a genome-wide significant level ( P value <5 × 10 -8 ) as instrumental variables (IVs) and performed Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify the complications of cholecystectomy. Furthermore, the cholelithiasis was also treated as the exposure to compare its causal effects to those of cholecystectomy, and multivariable MR analysis was carried out to judge whether the effect of cholecystectomy was independent of cholelithiasis. The study was reported based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Using Mendelian Randomization guidelines.
RESULTS:
The selected IVs explained 1.76% variance of cholecystectomy. Our MR analysis suggested that cholecystectomy cannot elevate the risk of CRC (odds ratio [OR] =1.543, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.607-3.924). Also, it was not significant in either colon or rectum cancer. Intriguingly, cholecystectomy might decrease the risk of Crohn's disease (OR = 0.078, 95% CI: 0.016-0.368) and coronary heart disease (OR = 0.352, 95% CI: 0.164-0.756). However, it might increase the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (OR = 7.573, 95% CI: 1.096-52.318). Cholelithiasis could increase the risk of CRC in the largest population (OR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.010-1.073). The multivariable MR analysis suggested that genetic liability to cholelithiasis could increase the risk of CRC in the largest population (OR = 1.061, 95% CI: 1.002-1.125) after adjustment of cholecystectomy.
CONCLUSIONS
The study indicated that cholecystectomy might not increase the risk of CRC, but such a conclusion needs further proving by clinical equivalence. Additionally, it might increase the risk of IBS, which should be paid attention to in clinical practice.
Humans
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Mendelian Randomization Analysis
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics*
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Cholelithiasis/complications*
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Cholecystectomy/adverse effects*
;
Genome-Wide Association Study
;
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
8.Transrectal ultrasound: an applicable diagnostic approach to chronic prostatitis.
Hai-tao FAN ; Yao WANG ; Mu-chun ZHANG ; Wei-hu WANG ; Guo-yi JI ; Kai-chen WANG ; Xiang-bo KONG
National Journal of Andrology 2007;13(8):693-695
OBJECTIVETo assess the application value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis.
METHODSTRUS and examination of prostatic secretion (EPS) were used in the diagnosis of 3 500 cases of chronic prostatitis from September, 2000 to May, 2006.
RESULTSLower resonance of the inner gland, low-level echo, uneven echo light spots, incomplete outlines and unsmooth borderlines were found in 2279 cases (65.1%), and the enlarged prostate in 1 084 cases (31.0%), with clear integrated amicula and enhanced echogenic spots at the juncture of the external and inner gland. No obvious changes were noted in 137 cases (4.0%), and in another 391 cases (11.2%) were detected alteration of the acoustic image of cystospermitis and blurred margins and uneven echoes of the seminal vesicle. The WBC count in EPS was < 10/HP in 132 cases (3.8%), 10-19/HP in 2 156 cases (61.6%) and > or =20/HP in 1212 cases (34.6%).
CONCLUSIONTRUS, as a diagnostic means for chronic prostatitis, can be easily performed and causes little pain and therefore is readily accepted by patients. Combined with EPS, TRUS can provide more definite diagnostic evidence, and for those who are afraid of pain and reject EPS, it is a desirable alternative in the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis.
Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Prostatitis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Rectum ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; methods
9.Diagnosis and treatment of non-specific granulomatous prostatitis: a report of 32 cases.
Hai-Tao FAN ; Kai-Chen WANG ; Mu-Chun ZHANG ; Wei-Hua WANG ; Guo-Yi JI ; Yao WANG ; Xiang-Bo KONG
National Journal of Andrology 2008;14(2):131-134
OBJECTIVETo discuss the diagnosis and treatment of non-specific granulomatous prostatitis (NSGP).
METHODSThirty-two cases of NSGP were diagnosed by puncture biopsy under transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and treated with antibiotics and other medicines from September, 2000 to May, 2006.
RESULTSPathomorphologically, NSGP was basically characterized by granuloma with vessels or grand alveoli in the center. The mean follow-up was 24 months. Urination irritation and obstruction were improved. Q(max) was increased to 15.0-24.0 ml/s, and in 3 cases of urinary retention, to 12.0, 14.5 and 16.5 ml/s, respectively. Digital rectal examination (DRE) indicated a reduced size and softened texture of the prostate induration. PSA was decreased to 1.3-11.5 microg/L. Four cases experienced relapse but were cured after retreated. No prostate cancer was observed.
CONCLUSIONNSGP can be definitely diagnosed by puncture biopsy under TRUS and effectively relieved by antibiotics with the alpha-receptor blocker. In case of serious obstruction complicated by urinary retention, transurethral electrotomy can be considered.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatitis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Rectum ; Ultrasonography ; methods
10.Recombinant Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase expressed in Trichoderma reesei.
Jing-Yui MU ; Qiao WANG ; Daniel YANG ; En-Si WANG ; Qing WANG ; Yue HUANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2006;22(1):82-86
It was expected that recombinant Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase could be expressed in Trichoderma reesei with stable activity. T. reesei CBHI promoter--CBHI ss. gene--A. niger glucose oxidase gene--T. reesei CBHI terminator--A. nidulans gpd promoter--E. coli Hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene--A. nidulans trpC terminator--pUC19 (pCBHGOD) vector was constructed in E. coli DH5alpha by PCR application and gene cloning methods. T. reesei QM9414 protoplast was transformed by T. reesei CBHI promoter-CBHI ss. Gene--A. niger glucose oxidase gene--T. reesei CBHI terminator-A. nidulans gpd promoter--E. coli Hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene--A. nidulans trpC terminator linear DNA fragment (CBHGOD fragment) that was made by digestion of pCBHGOD with Kpn I. T. reesei mutant clone with homologous recombinant A. niger glucose oxidase gene was selected by PCR method. Recombinant glucose oxidase was produced by mutant T. reesei strain under induction of wheat straw for 5 days. Recombinant glucose oxidase molecular mass was showed the same as native A. niger glucose oxidase standard from Sigma company by Western blot analysis. Recombinant glucose oxidase activity was 25u/mL in medium. The yield was 0.5 g/L in comparison with Sigma company glucose oxidase standard. There was no recombinant GOD degradation during Trichoderma reesei cultivation that was showed in Western blot analysis. Trichoderma reesei has capability to be a new recombinant host for Aspergillus niger GOD production.
Aspergillus niger
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enzymology
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genetics
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Cloning, Molecular
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Escherichia coli
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genetics
;
metabolism
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Fungal Proteins
;
genetics
;
metabolism
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Glucose Oxidase
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biosynthesis
;
genetics
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Recombinant Proteins
;
biosynthesis
;
genetics
;
Trichoderma
;
genetics
;
metabolism