Objective To explore the clinical situation of ankle arthroscopic surgery combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus.Methods 40 cases of osteochondral lesions of the talus were treated in our hospital from June 2014 to October 2016 were treated with ankle arthroscopic surgery combined with sodium hyaluronate,the situation after the treatment were observed, and according to the patient's rehabilitation the rehabilitation exercises were conducted according to the patient's condition, and the therapeutic effect was analyzed.Results The total effective rate was 87.5%;The mean value of ankle function score before treatment was(34.26±2.13)points,the mean value of ankle function score after treatment was(74.35±2.07)points, the difference was statistically significant before and after treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical observation of ankle arthroscopic surgery combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus, the treatment effect is better, and can help the patient's ankle joint function get improve, and ultimately improve the prognosis, it is worthy of reference.

Objective: To establish the callus culture system of Tribulus terrestris and investigate the contents of the total flavonoid glycosides in its seeds, whole herb, and callus. Methods: By using the orthogonal test design, different explants, the effects of culture medium, light condition, suitable hormones, and their ratio on callus induction and proliferation were studied. Callus culture system of T. terrestris was determined and the total flavonoid glycosides of its seeds, whole herb, and callus were detected. Results: The stems of T. terrestris were used as the experimental materials. The optimal medium for the callus induction was MS + 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L + 6-BA 0.1 mg/L, with temperature of 25 ℃ and darkness of 24 h/d. The optimal medium for callus differentiation was MS + 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + ZT 1.0 mg/L, with light of 12 h/d, pH of 6.2, and subculture cycle of 35 d. The total flavonoid glycosides in the seeds, whole herb, and callus of T. terrestris were 1.46%, 2.01%, and 5.22%. Conclusion: Callus induced by tissue culture technique are soft, luster, and transparent, which are suitable for establishing the stable and efficient callus culture system of T. terrestris. The total flavonoid glycosides in callus are more than those in the seeds and whole herb.

Browning of explants may be easily induced by various factors during tissue culture of medicinal plants, which not only affects the vitality of explants, but also inhibits the callus induction and regeneration, blocking quick accumulation seriously of active components and survival rate of tissue culture. Therefore, it would be important to develop a fast, effective, safe, and economic browning restraining method. This paper reviewed the status, mechanism, and impact factors of the medicinal plants browning and effective anti-browning measures, expecting to provide the scientific references for development of anti-beowning measures. Meanwhile, we prospect anti-browning technologies in the tissue culture of medicinal plants.

Objetive: To investigate the therapeutic effects of small peptide, alkaloid, total flavonoids and polysaccharides extracted from sunflower plate powder on the hyperuricemia in the mice, and to clarify that the influence of sunflower powder in the uric acid (UA) level and joint swelling and its protective effect on the liver and kidney tissues. Methods: A total of 96 male Kunming rats were randomly divided into 8 groups, each group of 12 rats. One group was used as blank control group, the others were used to set up hyperuricemia models. The successful mouse models of hyperuricemia were randomly divided into model group and positive control group (allopurinol group), small molecule peptide group, alkaloi group, total flavone group, polysaccharide group and sunflower disk group. The serum UA levels were measured 7 d after administration and the liver and kidney tissues of the mice in various groups were taken. The morphological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed by HE staining. Acute gouty arthritis model was established by injecting 3 mg sodium urate into the knee joint of the male SD rats. The experiment was divided into blank group, model group, positive control colchicine group, sunflower disc extracts (SDE) group with different concentrations (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%), 4 rats in each group. The joint circumference was measured at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and macrophage inflammatory protein-la (MIP-la) were detected by ELISA kit. Results: Compared with model group, the serum UA levels of the mice in allopurinol group, small molecule peptide group, alkaloid group, total flavonoids group and sunflower group were significantly decreased after administration (P<0.05); and the serum UA level in allopurinol group was decreased the most, followed by small molecule peptide group. The HE staining results showed that the hepatocytes in small molecule peptide group were clear, the hepatocytes had full cytoplasm, and no abnormality was observed in the kidney cells compared with blank control group. After 48 h injection of sodium urate, the degree of joint swelling was reduced by up to 27.1% in SDE group compared with model group. Compared with model group, the serum IL-10 level in 20% SDE group was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the serum MIP-la level was also significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Sunflower powder can reduce the UA level and has protective effect on the liver and kidney tissues and it can improve the body's anti-inflammatory activity and reduce the body's inflammatory response to achieve anti-gout arthritis activity.

OBJECTIVETo study the expressions of differential proteins in the expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) of patients with III A chronic prostatitis and healthy men.

METHODSWe collected EPS samples from 35 patients with III A chronic prostatitis and 18 age-matched healthy men, and detected the differentially expressed proteins in EPS by MALDI-TOF/MS. Based on the data obtained, we conducted a statistical analysis on the mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios of different proteins and a retrieval analysis on the relevant proteins using the protein database.

RESULTSIn the comparative studies of the III A chronic prostatitis patients and healthy men, 5 proteins were detected as at least 2-fold differentially expressed, which were probably brevinin-2Eg, big endothelin-1, alpha-defensin 15, beta-defensin 134 and prostatic steroid-binding protein C2. The m/z ratios were significantly up-regulated in 3 372, 3 487, 425 and 5 325 Da proteins (P < 0.01) and down-regulated in 10631Da (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONProteins are differentially expressed in the EPS of III A chronic prostatitis patients and healthy men, and these proteins may be significantly correlated with the development and progression of III A chronic prostatitis.

Adult ; Body Fluids ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Defensins ; metabolism ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; secretion ; Prostatitis ; classification ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Intestinal microbial ecosystem is the most complex and the largest micro-ecosystem of the mammals. The use of antibiotics can lead to a lot of major changes of the flora, making the intestinal flora damaged and impacted, even developing Clostridium difficile infection. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a special organ transplant therapy, which can rebuild the intestinal flora, has raised the clinical concerns. It has been used in the refractory Clostridium difficile, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, and some non-intestinal diseases related to the metabolic disorders. But this method of treatment has not become a normal treatment, and many clinicians and patients can not accept it. This paper reviews relevant literature in terms of origin, indications, mechanism, production process, current situation and future research, and provide a reference for the clinical application of the treatment of fecal microbiota transplantation.
Feces ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Intestines ; Microbiota

Objective: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an important natural source of vitamin E. 2-Methy-6-phytyl-1,4- benzoquinone methyltransferase (MPBQ MT) is a key enzyme in vitamin E synthesis pathway. MPBQ MT gene was cloned, bioinformatics was analyzed, and expression was analyzed to provide the foundation for the biosysthesis and regulation mechanism of vitamin E in safflower. Methods: According to the intermediate sequence obtained from the database of the safflower seed,MPBQ MT gene sequence was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE techniques, and the protein characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics and constructing phylogenetic tree. The expression of MPBQ MT gene in the different development stages was analyzed using real time-PCR. Results: The full cDNA sequence of MPBQ MT gene was 1 392 bp, named CtMPBQ MT, contained an open reading frame (ORF, 1 038 bp), and encoded a protein of 345 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 38 900. The conserved structural domain analysis showed that it had the typical functional domains of SAM protein. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analyses showed that the MT MPBQ gene had some homology with other amino acids, and among them CtMPBQ MT had 89% and 86% of consistency with MPBQ MT of Helianthus annuus and Lactuca sativa. The expression of CtMPBQ MT gene in safflower seeds at different development stages was determined by quantitative real-time PCR, it was found that the highest expression level of CtMPBQ MT gene was detected in 50 d after flowering. Conclusion: MPBQ MT gene of safflower is successfully cloned, analyzed, and expressed, meantime a basis for the study on matter in the synthesis and regulation of vitamin E is provided.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the incidience of chromosome abnormality of the patients with oligozoospermia or azoospermia and male infertility, to discuss the relationship between the quantitative and structural abnormality of chromosome and to lay the foundation for the clinical diagnosis and consultation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted from January 1, 2015 to May 1, 2016, in the Center for Reproduction Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, with male reproductive abnormalities history excluded. In the study, 1 324 cases were included with 448 cases of azoospermia and 876 cases of oligozoospermia. All the patients through ultrasound examination, color Doppler ultrasonography, the seminal plasma Zn determination, their hormone level determination, chromosome karyotype (the perinatal blood samples were obtained from the 1 324 patients with oligozoospermia or azoospermia for lymphocyte culture, then chromosomal specimens were prepared, G-banding analyses combined with clinical data were used to statistically analyze the incidence of chromosomal abnormality), Y chromosome azoospermia factor [PCR technique was used to detect SY157 locus, SY254 locus, and SY255 locus in male Y chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) gene of the patients with oligozoospermia or azoospermia]. The relationship between chromosome abnormalities and oligozoospermia or azoospermia were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 876 cases of oligospermia patients, 78 cases were chromosome number abnormality and chromosomal structural abnormality, the abnormal number of sex chromosomes in 22 cases, and sex chromosomes and chromosome structural abnormalities in 56 cases; in the 448 cases of azoospermia patients, 91 cases were chromosomal structural abnormality and chromosome number abnormality, of them, 78 cases were of abnormal number of sex chromosomes, and 13 cases were of abnormal structure. In addition, 137 cases were of chromosome polymorphism in all the 1 324 patients, The incidence of Y chromosome abnormality in azoospermatism was higher than that of the 43 patients with Y chromosome AZF microdeletion. In addition, the asthenospermia and recurrent spontaneous abortion were closely related to Y chromosome abnormality and the chromosome translocations and inversions. CONCLUSION Oligozoospermia and azoospermia patients with abnormal chromosome karyotype have high incidence rate, and chromosome karyotype analyses were carried out on it, which is conducive to clinical diagnosis for the patients with abnormal chromosome karyotype. There is a close relationship between male infertility and abnormal karyotype. It is conducive to clinical diagnosis for the patients with infertility through chromosome karyotye analysis, which also provides evidence for genetic counseling.
Azoospermia/genetics* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/genetics* ; Male ; Oligospermia/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies

One case of family chromosomal karyotype with complex chromosomal translocation and male infertility was reported. This case is a male, 30 years old, Han nationality, who did not receive contraception for 3 years after marriage. The phenotype and intelligence of the patients were normal, and there were no abnormalities in the external genitalia. No abnormalities were found in the prostate and spermatic vein. There was no history of parotitis or testicular trauma, no history of smoking, drinking history, denial of harmful substances and history of radioactive contact. There were no similar patients in the family, and the secondary sex was normal. The routine semen examination suggested that the active sperm was seldom seen. There were no obvious abnormalities in the serum endocrine examination of the patient. Cytogenetic examination: the patient's karyotype 46XY, t (10; 18; 21) (q22; p11.2; q11.2). There was no deletion in locus sY84, sY86, sY127, sY134, sY143, sY254 and sY255. His wife's examination showed no obvious abnormality, and her karyotype was normal. The parents of the patients were not close relatives. Their father's chromosome karyotype analysis was 46, XY, and Y chromosome microdeletion was normal. The chromosome karyotype of the parent was 46XX, t (10; 18; 21), and the parents of the patient also had a daughter, whose phenotype and intellectual development were normal, chromosome karyotype 46XX, t (10; 18; 21). In this case, the patient's balance translocation should be inherited by the mother. Because of the normal phenotype of the patient, there was no loss of genetic material, but the abnormal chromosomes might be passed to the offspring, and the proportion of the unbalanced gametes was very high. Through systematic review and review of the cases, it was concluded that the balanced translocation carriers only changed the relative position of the translocation segments on the chromosomes, retained the total number of the original genes, only changed the relative position of the genes on the chromosomes, and had no serious effect on the role of the gene and the development of the individual. The phenotype was normal. The patients were given symptomatic treatment to improve semen quality. It is recommended that pre-implantation genetic screening/diagnosis(PGS/PGD) be performed if necessary. It is to guide married men and women to choose the appropriate childbearing age, avoid unhealthy environmental contacts, and strengthen genetic screening before and after pregnancy, so as to achieve the goal of eugenics.
Adult ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/genetics* ; Karyotype ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Semen Analysis ; Translocation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between spiral CT findings and histological differentiation and expressions of p53 and Ki67 in gastric carcinoma.

METHODSTriphasic spiral CT was performed in 158 patients. CT findings included maximal diameter and thickness of tumor in three dimensional CT images, degree of enhancement, mucous situation, lymph nodes, and visceral metastasis were recorded. The expressions of p53 and Ki67 were detected with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe thickness of tumor (chi2 = 5.554, P = 0.018), degree of enhancement (chi2 = 4.978, P = 0.026), and lymph nodes metastasis (chi2 = 6.061, P = 0.014) in the three dimensional CT images were significantly correlated with tumor histological differentiation. Lymph nodes metastasis was significantly correlated with the expression of p53 (chi2 = 5.028, P = 0.025). The expression of Ki67 was significantly correlated with the thickness of tumor (chi2 = 5.674, P = 0.017) and lymph nodes metastasis (chi2 = 5.028, P = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONMulti-slice CT is a simple and noninvasive technique, and can be used for assessing the histological differentiation of gastric cancer as well as the expressions of p53 and Ki67 before the operation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Young Adult