Limonin existed in citrus fruits has been shown to have anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-feedant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory activities and anti-carcinogenic activities. But the clinical use is limited by its low bioavailability. The aim of this study is to observe the absorption and secretion transport mechanisms of limonin in intestine which can pave the way for the further study and clinical use. The transport characteristics and mechanisms of limonin in rat were studied by in situ intestine perfusion and in vitro Caco-2 cells method. The intestinal absorption of limonin was probably via a facilitated diffusion pathway which was poor and without segment-selection. Verapamil and ketoconazole improved the absorption remarkably according to the result of in vitro Caco-2 cells study; however, probenecid had no significant effect on the absorption. The P-gp efflux and CYP3A4 metabolism were involved in the poor intestinal absorption and low bioavailability of limonin. The exploration of the intestinal absorption mechanism is crucial to the design of dosage form and clinical use of limonin.

Objective To study the effect of Ro60 on migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells. Methods We knocked down Ro60 and analyzed the ability of migration and invasion of A 549 cells.Quantitative real time ( RT)-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect mRNA and protein levels of selected molecules associated with migration and invasion of neoplasm .Results When Ro60 was downregulated , the migration and invasion of A 549 cells decreased markedly.Meanwhile,the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9,c-Src etc was observably reduced.Furthermore, downregulation of Ro60 diminished the expression of Src protein and the activation of MMP-9 protein.Conclusion Downregulation of Ro60 inhibits migration and invasion of A549 cells by regulating Src protein and activating MMP-9 protein.

Objective:To explore the application effect of the tutorial system combined with one minute preceptor (OMP) in the standardized residency training of emergency medicine.Methods:A total of 48 residents who trained in the Department of Emergency, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College from January 2017 to December 2019 for ≥ 3 months were assigned randomly into control group ( n=24) and observation group ( n=24). The control group were given the traditional teaching mode only; while the observation group were given the tutorial system combined with OMP teaching mode, that was, a tutor was assigned to each training resident, and the teaching and training was carried out according to the teaching plan. After the rotation, the graduation examination was conducted, and the differences between the two groups were compared. SPSS 22.0 software was used for t test. Results:The clinical skills examination scores of the control and observation group were (47.50±3.91) points and (43.80±6.52) points respectively, with significant differences between the two groups ( t=2.42, P=0.020). The clinical operation technology examination scores of the control and observation group were (80.00±6.51) points and (75.10±6.19) points respectively, with significant differences between the two groups ( t=2.68, P=0.010). The clinical skills score and operation techniques score of the residents in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group, and both were better than before training. Conclusion:The new training method of tutorial system combined with OMP can improve the clinical skills and operation techniques of the emergency residents significantly, which is worth being popularized and applied in clinical teaching.