Objective To discuss the clinical manifestations and imaging diagnostic value of tuberous sclerosis accompanied by multi-organ injuries.Methods 2 cases in our hospital and 27 cases of tuberous sclerosis from the published reports were collected.The clinical manifestations and imaging features as well as the extent and type of multi-organ lesion were analyzed.Results Among the 29 patients,17 were male and 12 were female.The averaged age was 16.8.The clinical manifestations included:with family history in 6 , epilepsies in 25 (15 with mental retardation),symmetric angiofibroma in the face in 22 (3 with similar changes in the else body surface),fibromas beneath toenail or fingernail in 4, hyperdactylia of thumb in 2 and abdominal masses in 7 (4 with hematuria), tuberous scleroses beneath ependymal layer in 27,17 patients with kidney diseases,9 involved liver,5 involved spleen.Conclusion Multiple organs can be involved by tuberous sclerosis.The calcification of ependymal lyer and harmatoma of kidney are the most valuable in imaging diagnosis of the disease.

Objective To review and summarize the effects of interventional treatment of hand arteriovenous malformation in 5 cases.Methods Through catheterization of brachial artery ipsilaterally the blood-supply artery of arteriovenous malformation was embolized,using high-temperaure managed gelatin sponge,silk thread,pingyangmycine and spring coil.Results Total 13 blood-supply arteries in 5 cases were embolized with successful rate of 100%,including 1 case of complex malformation under effectively controlled,3 cases cured clinically and 1 case still awaiting observation.Conclusions Transcatheter arterial embolization for the treatment of hand arteriovenous malformation is safe,effective and high successful.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:277-279)

Adielectrophoresis-basedmicrofluidicchipappliedtocellspatterningisdesignedandfabricated, and it demonstrates non-contact and batch manipulation of cells. The microfluidic chip employs a PDMS microchannel and two ITO electrodes, which are designed as astep shape. The distribution of electric field caused by the microelectrodes is simulated by finite element simulation software, COMSOL. The position of the maximum intensity of electric field is also determined. The ITO microelectrodes and the PDMS microchannel are fabricated using MEMS fabrication process. After oxygen plasma surface treatment, the PDMS microchannel and glass substrate with the ITO microelectrodes are aligned and bonded to form experimental microfluidic chip. Through DEP experiment with the varying frequencies, DEP response of yeast cells is examined, and the electric field frequency of the both positive and negative DEP responses are confirmed. The results showed that yeast cells in solution conductivity of 60 μS/cm had negative DEP movement at the frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz, positive DEP movement at the 500 kHz to 10 MHz, and no DEP movement at the 50 kHz. Under the condition of the sinusoidal potential of 8Vp-p and the electric field frequency of 5 MHz, the yeast cells were aligned into chains along the step edge of microelectrodes.

[Objective]To investigate the protective effect of Tanshinone IIA (TSⅡA) against interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induced obstruction of energy metabolism of rabbit annulus fibrosus cell in vitro.[Methods]Rabbit annulus fibrosus (AF) cells were cultured in 3-dimension alginate beads and randomly divided into 7 groups. Various concentrations of TSⅡA and IL-1β was added to the medium for intervention: no drug was added in group A as normal control, 4 μg/ml TSⅡA in group B, 10 μg/ml IL-1β in group C, and both 10 μg/ml IL-1β and different concentrations of TSⅡA in groups D-G (0.5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 2 μg/ml and 4 μg/ml respectively). After 3 days of incubation, the cells were collected for measuring the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), MTT assay for cell proliferation, and AnnexinⅤ-PI staining for cell apoptosis.[Results]The activity of Na+-K+-ATPase of group G (10 μg/ml IL-1β+4μg/ml TS IIA; 3.23±0.28 U/mgprot) was increased significantly as compared with group C (10 μg/ml IL-1β; 1.118±0.15 U/mgprot, P＜0.01). The activity of SDH of group G was 12.48±0.97 U/mgprot, which was obviously higher than that of group C (3.03±0.60 U/mgprot, P＜0.01). The absorbance of MTT assay of group G (0.77±0.06) was significantly increased as compared with group C (0.31±0.07,P＜0.01). The absorbance of groups D-G increased as the concentration of TSⅡA increased. The apoptotic cell rate and dead cell rate of group G was 21.08±1.46% and 8.99±0.33%, which were both lower than that of group C (43.11±2.7,P＜0.01 and 11.71±0.32,P＜0.01).[Conclusion]TSⅡA is able to promote cell proliferation and decrease cell apoptosis of AF by alleviating IL-1β induced inhibition on cell energy metabolism.

In order to investigate the apoptotic pathway of rabbit annulus fibrosus (AF) cells induced by mechanical overload, an experimental air-pressure model was established in this study to pressurize the rabbit AF cells in vitro. Cells were randomly divided into five groups in which the cells were exposed to a continuous pressure of 1.1 MPa for different lengths of time (0, 5, 12, 24 and 36 h). The cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry; the alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometer; the activities of caspase-8 and 9 were determined by spectrophotometry. The results showed that after the cells were subjected to the pressure for 24 or 36 h, the cell proliferation was inhibited; the ratio of cell apoptosis was increased; the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased; the activity of caspase-9 was enhanced; no activity changes were observed in caspase-8. The results suggested that treatment with a pressure of 1.1 MPa for more than 24 h can lead to the proliferation inhibition and the apoptosis of rabbit AF cells in vitro, and the mitochondrial-dependent pathway is implicated in the pressure-induced AF cell apoptosis.

In order to investigate the apoptotic pathway of rabbit annulus fibrosus(AF)cells induced by mechanical overload,an experimental air-pressure model was established in this study to pressurize the rabbit AF cells in vitro.Cells were randomly divided into five groups in which the cells were exposed to a continuous pressure of 1.1 MPa for different lengths of time(0,5,12,24 and 36 h).The cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay and flow cytometry; thealterations in mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometer; the activities of caspase-8 and 9 were determined by spectrophotometry.The results showed that after the cells were subjected to the pressure for 24 or 36 h,the cell proliferation was inhibited; the ratio of cell apoptosis was increased; the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased;the activity of caspase-9 was enhanced; no activity changes were observed in caspase-8.The results suggested that treatment with a pressure of 1.1 MPa for more than 24 h can lead to the proliferation inhibition and the apoptosis of rabbit AF cells in vitro,and the mitochondrial-dependent pathway is implicated in the pressure-induced AF cell apoptosis.