Objective To observe the effect of dihydromyricetin of ampelopsis grossedentata on lipid metabolism and antioxidation in atherosclerosis (AS) rats. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 12 each):normal control group, model control group, positive control group, high dose dihydromyricetin group (40 mg·kg-1 ) and low dose dihydromyricetin group (10 mg·kg-1 ). Except normal control group, rats in the other groups were injected with a single dose of vitamin D3(600 000 U·kg-1 ) and loaded with high fat diet to establish AS model. Simvastatin (5 mg·kg-1 ) was intragastrically administered to positive control group. High and low dose dihydromyricetin groups received intragastric administration of 40 and 10 mg·kg-1 dihydromyricetin, respectively. Equal volume of purified water was given to normal and model group. After 24 weeks of administration, serum levels of lipids, activities of superoxide-dismutase (SOD) and malonicdialdehyde (MAD) were determined. Results As compared with model control group, triglycerides (TG) of high and low dose dihydromyricetin groups was decreased [(191. 65±101. 10) vs. (111. 10±29. 29) and (120. 55±38. 12) mg·L-1 , respectively], total cholesterol (TC) was decreased [(151. 64±33. 62) vs. (148. 49±30. 14) and (118. 90±27. 38) mg·L-1 ], and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased [(1. 29±0. 68) vs. (2. 10±0. 70) and (1. 62±0. 61) mmol·L-1 ], low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was decreased [(5. 01±1. 33) vs. (3. 97±0. 78) and (4. 28±0. 79) mmol·L-1 ], activity of SOD was increased [(141. 03±42. 52) vs. (187. 97±42. 08) and (150. 99±46. 17) U·mL-1 ], and MDA was decreased [(20. 51±3. 81) vs. (17. 64±1. 54) and (18. 52± 3. 42) nmol·mL-1 ], with significant differences (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). Conclusion Dihydromyricetin can reduce the level of serum lipid, improve antioxidation activity, and has therapeutic effect for atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe changes of erythropoietin (EPO) and rheology in moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients after the noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) treatment. Methods Healthy adults were selected as control group (n=40) while moderate to severe OSAHS patients were selected as OSAHS group. OSAHS group was underwent NPPV treatment then, Levels of sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI), sleep mean minimum oxygen saturation (LSaO2) and serum erythropoietin (EPO) were assessed, routine blood test and hemodynam-ic indexes were also checked before treatment and 1 and 3 months after treatment in both groups. Results In both groups serum EPO, blood, blood rheology indexes, AHI, LSaO2 were analysised at each time point by ANOVA repeated measures, all of which show significant different between groups and between each time points within the same group. Indexes in OSAHS group improved with prolonged treatment , but they are in the normal range in the control. Conclusion OSAHS pa-tients with NPPV therapy can significantly relieve hypoxia, reduce serum EPO level and blood viscosity. So NPPV has impor-tant clinical significance in prevention and treatment of OSAHS.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of self-esteem and resilience,and the moderating role of left-behind experience on negative life events and depression in college students.Methods:Totally 879 college students were selected from 3 universities in Sichuan and Chongqing (396 college students with left-behind experience,483 college students without left-behind experience).The Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC),Self-esteem Scale (SES),Resilience Scale of Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to measure the negative life events,self-esteem,resilience and depression.The Bootstrap program and multiple-group analysis were used to test mediation effect and moderation effect.Results:Scores of ASLEC were higher in those with left-behind experience than in those without left-behind experience [(9.0 ± 3.8)vs.(6.8 ± 3.1),P ＜ 0.001].College students'left-behind experience was positively correlated with scores of ASLEC and SDS (r ＝0.22-0.22,Ps ＜0.01),while negatively correlated with scores of RSCA and SES (r ＝-0.29--0.56,Ps ＜0.01).The complete mediating effect of the scores of SES and RSCA between ASLEC score and SDS score was significant (mediating effect ＝ 0.08,0.13,0.07;Ps ＜ 0.01).It was significant that the mediaring roles of self-esteem and resilience (95％ CI:0.13-0.68).Left-behind experience played the moderating effect on self-esteem and resilience (the constraint model fitting degree of variation was △x2 ＝ 2120.68,△df＝ 8,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions:Self-esteem and resilience completely mediates college students'negative events and depression,which is moderated by their previous left-behind experience.

Objective To investigate the situation of sexual partners and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students.Methods Snowball sampling and Convenience sampling were both used to recruit MSM from colleges in Tsingtao in 2016.Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted to collect data of socio-demographic and situation of sexual partners.Sample Size was estimated based on cross-sectional study,and theoretical 267.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 300 MSM,average aged 20.7,were analyzed.Both first sex partner and the last same-sex sexual partner were mct instantly,with proportions as 58.7％ (176/300) and 62.3％ (187/300) respectively.Among all the MSM,88.3％ (265/300) preferred selecting men as sex partners and 42.7％ (128/300) enjoyed finding sex partners in college,while 86.0％ (258/300) preferred finding their sex partners through intemet.Conclusions Intemet had been the major way of looking for sex partner among MSM in college students,the male sexual partner were met instantly.We should focus on men who have sex with men and their sexual health among college students to prevent and control HIV/AIDS.

Objective To understand the gender characteristics,HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness and behaviors of transgender women.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the transgender women recruited through snowball sampling in Jinan in 2014,and descriptive epidemiologic analysis was conducted on the survey results.Results A total of 55 transgender women were surveyed,all of them were male physically and female psychologically.Serious gender conflict occurred in 27 subjects (49.1％),and very serious gender conflict occurred in 8 subjects (14.5％).Thirty subjects dressed up as a man in social life,accounting for 54.5％;25 subjects dressed up as a women in social life,accounting for 45.5％.The average awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge was 57.9％(22/38).The awareness of knowledge about AIDS associated behaviors,such as multi sex partner and anal sex,was poor.For the lovers or sexual partners,58.2％ of the subjects (32/55) would choose males and 50.9％ of the subjects (28/55) had chosen males,and for the sex partner at latest sex,63.6％(35/55) of the subjects had chosen males.Up to 56.3％ of the subjects had sex with casual sexual partners (net friends and partners of one-night stand) at latest sex behavior.Among the subjects surveyed,18(32.7％) never used condoms;29(52.7％) used condoms occasionally;4(7.3％) used condoms frequently and 4(7.3％) used condoms at each sex.Conclusions AIDS associated high risk behaviors were common among the transgender women,such as unprotected anal sex,multiple sexual partners,frequent sex and poor condom use.It is necessary to conduct the study of the HIV infection prevention in transgender women.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of free transplantation of latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and anterolateral femoral skin flap in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore the indications of these two skin flaps.Methods:The clinical data of patients with scalp squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2013 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients showed no cancer metastasis examined with CT. None of the patients had systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease. The wounds were repaired with free transplantation of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps and anterolateral thigh flaps after extensive tumor resection. The intraoperative vascular variation, the diameter of the anastomosed blood vessel, the length of the vascular pedicle, the flap size, the time of harvesting the flap, the time for anastomosis, the operation time, and the incidences of complications at the donor site and recipient site were measured or recorded in both groups.Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 14 males and 7 females, aged from 12 to 61 years. Eleven cases were repaired with the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap, and 10 cases with the anterolateral thigh flap. All the 21 flaps survived during the 1 to 2 years follow-up. No vascular variation was found in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, whereas 2 cases of vascular variation were found in the anterolateral thigh flap. In the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.14±0.09) mm for the artery and (2.49±0.10) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.14±0.28) cm, and the size of the flap was (135.0±20.8) cm 2, the harvesting time was (114.8±3.0) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (20.8±0.8) min, and the operation time was (6.5±0.2) h. In the anterolateral thigh flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.15±0.14) mm for the artery and (2.45±0.15) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.80±0.31) cm, and the size of the flap was (159.9±16.4) cm 2, the harvesting time was (119.8±3.6) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (21.5±0.9) min, and the operation time was (6.9±0.2) h. There was no significant difference between the two kinds of flaps in the above parameter. The incidence of total complications at the donor site was higher in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (7 cases) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (4 cases). The incidence of overall complications at the recipient was lower in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (1 case) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (2 cases). Conclusions:Both the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and the anterolateral femoral skin flap can achieve good results in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap has a constant blood supply, and the operative technique is relatively easy and with low risk, which is more suitable for novices. The anterolateral thigh flap is thin and with fewer complications at the donor site. It is easy to be accepted by patients and can be performed in the supine position, which is more suitable for elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of free pre-expanded scapular skin flap for repairing of large size facial and cervical scar .Methods 15 patients suffering from post-burn facial and cervical scar contractures were treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The reconstruction was performed in two operative stages .First, the skin incision were made paralleling with the descending branches of the circumflex scapular artery near posterior axillary line and the scapular skin flap was elevated .A 300 to 400 ml kidney -shaped expander was implanted under scapular region skin .The expansion began 1 week post-operatively.After the expander was fully expanded and could supply sufficient flap , the facial and cervical scar was resected and the contracture was released .The pre-expanded scapular flap was harvested and transferred to repair the defects.Then the facial vascular anastomosis with circumflex scapular vascular was performed .The expander was removed and the wound was closed directly .Results The expansion time ranged from 2 to 4 months with the average time of 2.8 months.The flap size ranged from 14 cm ×7 cm to 25 cm ×14 cm. All flaps survived post-operatively and wounds at donor sites healed primarily .The face and neck have good appearance .Conclusions Pre-expanded scapular skin flap is suitable for repairing of larger face and neck scar with good color and thickness match .Expanded skin flap can provide large size flap , leaving less morbidity at the donor sites .

Objective:To observe the efficacy of free transplantation of latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and anterolateral femoral skin flap in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore the indications of these two skin flaps.Methods:The clinical data of patients with scalp squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2013 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients showed no cancer metastasis examined with CT. None of the patients had systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease. The wounds were repaired with free transplantation of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps and anterolateral thigh flaps after extensive tumor resection. The intraoperative vascular variation, the diameter of the anastomosed blood vessel, the length of the vascular pedicle, the flap size, the time of harvesting the flap, the time for anastomosis, the operation time, and the incidences of complications at the donor site and recipient site were measured or recorded in both groups.Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 14 males and 7 females, aged from 12 to 61 years. Eleven cases were repaired with the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap, and 10 cases with the anterolateral thigh flap. All the 21 flaps survived during the 1 to 2 years follow-up. No vascular variation was found in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, whereas 2 cases of vascular variation were found in the anterolateral thigh flap. In the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.14±0.09) mm for the artery and (2.49±0.10) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.14±0.28) cm, and the size of the flap was (135.0±20.8) cm 2, the harvesting time was (114.8±3.0) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (20.8±0.8) min, and the operation time was (6.5±0.2) h. In the anterolateral thigh flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.15±0.14) mm for the artery and (2.45±0.15) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.80±0.31) cm, and the size of the flap was (159.9±16.4) cm 2, the harvesting time was (119.8±3.6) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (21.5±0.9) min, and the operation time was (6.9±0.2) h. There was no significant difference between the two kinds of flaps in the above parameter. The incidence of total complications at the donor site was higher in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (7 cases) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (4 cases). The incidence of overall complications at the recipient was lower in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (1 case) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (2 cases). Conclusions:Both the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and the anterolateral femoral skin flap can achieve good results in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap has a constant blood supply, and the operative technique is relatively easy and with low risk, which is more suitable for novices. The anterolateral thigh flap is thin and with fewer complications at the donor site. It is easy to be accepted by patients and can be performed in the supine position, which is more suitable for elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of free pre-expanded scapular skin flap for repairing of large size facial and cervical scar .Methods 15 patients suffering from post-burn facial and cervical scar contractures were treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The reconstruction was performed in two operative stages .First, the skin incision were made paralleling with the descending branches of the circumflex scapular artery near posterior axillary line and the scapular skin flap was elevated .A 300 to 400 ml kidney -shaped expander was implanted under scapular region skin .The expansion began 1 week post-operatively.After the expander was fully expanded and could supply sufficient flap , the facial and cervical scar was resected and the contracture was released .The pre-expanded scapular flap was harvested and transferred to repair the defects.Then the facial vascular anastomosis with circumflex scapular vascular was performed .The expander was removed and the wound was closed directly .Results The expansion time ranged from 2 to 4 months with the average time of 2.8 months.The flap size ranged from 14 cm ×7 cm to 25 cm ×14 cm. All flaps survived post-operatively and wounds at donor sites healed primarily .The face and neck have good appearance .Conclusions Pre-expanded scapular skin flap is suitable for repairing of larger face and neck scar with good color and thickness match .Expanded skin flap can provide large size flap , leaving less morbidity at the donor sites .

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations of population following COVID-19 by using questionnaires.Methods:COVID-19 among anesthesia workers and the surrounding population was investigated between 11 November 2022 and 31 December 2022 in China.The Tencent electronic questionnaire(ID.11492813) was sent to different WeChat groups of the Association of Anesthesiologists or Society of Anesthesiologists via the WeChat platform of the medical personnel in China. The survey was conducted between January 7 and January 15, 2023. Results:A total of 17 000 questionnaires were issued for this survey, 11 060 valid questionnaires from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were collected all over the country, with a recovery rate of 65.059%.There were 10068 (91.037%) participants diagnosed as having COVID-19, and among of them, 47.606% were male and 52.394% were female. The main post-COVID-19 clinical manifestations included fever (85.777%), cough (83.731%), fatigue (75.338%), parasomnia (64.352%), limb soreness (58.890%), dizziness, headache, tinnitus (38.617%), loss or abnormality of taste (37.763%), and loss or abnormality of smell (30.960%); peripheral neuralgia was usually found within 3 days after positive nucleic acid test or positive antigen test; there were 2 963 cases accompanied with sweating, and among of them, 47.25% were male and 52.75% were female, and 37.80% of these participants continued to sweat after the nucleic acid test or antigen test became negative. There were 1 151 cases with premature heart beats among the study population, and the symptoms aggravated following COVID-19 were found in 34.32% of these patients.Conclusions:In addition to the respiratory system, the central and peripheral nerves of patients are also affected following COVID-19, and the peripheral and central nerve disorders last until several days after negative nucleic acid test or antigen test, suggesting that anesthesiologists should pay more attention to monitoring of various nerve function and impact of surgery and anesthetic drugs on the stress response of the body in such patients.