Many malignant tumor have methionine dependency. Methionine restriction can inhibit proliferation of tumors cells by decreasing the level of methionine with depriving methionine, methioninase, homocysteine, and its analogs.Methionine restriction may act synergistically with chemotherapies to increase their efficiency and /or reduce their toxic side effects.Therefore, methionine restriction would become a new cancer treatment.

n 3 fatty acids belong to essential fatty acids. It includes linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ). Many researches proved that n 3 fatty acids can suppress many kinds of tumor cells, and defense the occurrence of tumor. This article reviewed the effects and mechanism of n 3 fatty acids in defension and suppression of tumor.

Objective To observe the recent clinical effects and toxicity in advanced gastric carcinoma by neo-adjuvant chemo-therapy FOLFOX and XELOX .Methods A total of 81 patients with Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ level of gastric cancer underwent neo-adjuvant chemo-therapy before curative resection were collected ,and divided into two groups ,as XELOX group(n=26) and FOLFOX group(n=25) .30 patients who just underwent surgical treatment did not received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy were taken into control group(n=30) .The curative resection rate and complications were compared in three groups .Results There were no obvious differences be-tween XELOX group and FOLFOX group in recent clinical effect (P>0 .05) ,but FOLFOX group had higher toxic reaction rate (P<0 .05) .The curative resection rates of XELOX group and FOLFOX group were higher than that of control group (P<0 .05) . The complication rates in three groups showed no significant difference (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy could increase the curative resection rate of advanced gastric cancer ,which does not increase the complications ,and the program XELOX had less toxic reaction .

Aim To investigate the anticancer activity and the mechanism of the apoptosis induced by Ama-ranthus spinosus L. extract ( ASE ) in human hepatic carcinoma cell line HepG2 . Methods Alamar blue assay was used for detecting the influence of ASE on the proliferation of the cancer cells. The morphological changes of cells were observed under inverted micro-scope and Hoechst 33258 stainning. The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot and caspase-3 activity kit were used to detect the protein expression in HepG2 cells. The specific inhibi-tor of caspase-9 and caspase-3 ( Z-LEHD-FMK and Ac-DEVD-CHO) was used to validate the signal transduc-tion pathyway. Results The results indicated that the cell proliferation was inhibited by ASE,especicially the HepG2 cells. The HepG2 cells showed obvious apop-totic characteristics. Flow cytometry analysis further validated the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. The expression of Bcl-2 and survivin was downreagulated in HepG2 cells treated with ASE, and Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, Apaf-1 and PARP were upregualted. Besides, the caspase-3 activity was also increased. Z-LEHD-FMK and Ac-DEVD-CHO significantly increased the cell vi-abilty of HepG2 cells induced by ASE. Conclusion These results confirm that ASE induces the apoptosis of HepG2 through mitochondria-mediated pathway.

In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs (CID) including ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium chloride (AC), vitamin D(3)[1alpha(OH)VitD(3), alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG+L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG+L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D(3), the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D(3). EG plus Vitamin D(3) or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation.

Objective To investigate the prognostic significance of serum lactate level and lactate clearance rate for critical illness patients.Methods Two hundred and eighty-six patients with hyperlactacidemia were investigated by analyzing the clinical data,laboratory data and outcomes.Comparison of mortality rate and APACHE Ⅱ score between different stratified levels of serum lactate was carried out.The blood pH,HCO3-,BE,and Lac were compared between survivors and non-survivors in terms of in-hospital death in seven days after admission.The above variables of blood gas analysis were studied in patients with severe hyperlactacidemia as well as the different lactate clearance rates and APACHE Ⅱ scores were compared between survivors and non-survivors.The mortality rates and APACHE Ⅱ scores were compared between high and low lactate-clearance rate groups.Results The mortality rates of different stratified levels of serum lactate (≥2,＜4 mmol/L; ≥4,＜ 10mmol/L; ≥ 10 mmoL/L) were 14.04％,46.67％,78.79％,respectively.As the serum level of lactate increased,the decompensation rate of pH,APACHE Ⅱ score and mortality rate increased consequently.Compared with non-survivors,survivors had a higher lactate clearance rate (P ＜ 0.01),and lower APACHE Ⅱ score (P ＜ 0.01).The high-clearance group had lower mortality rate and 6-hour APACHE Ⅱ score compared with the low-clearance group (P ＜ 0.01),but the initiate levels of serum lactate and APACHE Ⅱ scores were not noticeably different between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Serum lactate level had a significant positive relationship with APACHE Ⅱ score (r =0.868,P ＜ 0.01),but lactate clearance rate had a significant reverse relationship with APACHE Ⅱ score (r =-0.823,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Both serum lactate levels and early lactate clearance rate had high prognostic value for critical illness patients,and in combination with changes in APACHE Ⅱ score,they could guide clinical treatment and give precise evaluation of the prognosis.

Objective To clone and sequence cDNA encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase(HMGR) from Atractylodes lancea.Methods The cDNA,encoding HMGR in A.lancea,was amplified by RACE strategy with the cDNA of the total RNA of young leaves as the template.The partial fragments of HMGR were cloned and sequenced.Results The analysis results revealed that the conserved fragments were 458 bp.At the same time,the two fragments had been obtained 84.28% identification in nucleotide acid and 92.11% identification in corresponding amino acid,named as HMGRcr1 and HMGRcr2,respectively.It was deduced that they may be members of the HMGR gene family in A.lancea.Sequencing analysis showed that HMGRcr1 and HMGRcr2 had high identity with HMGR from other plants.Conclusion The cDNA encoding HMGR from A.lancea is cloned and reported for the first time.The work will provided a foundation for exploring the mechanism of terpenes biosynthesis and application to the other medicinal plants.

Background:Tripterygium glycosides(TG)is effective for treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)in clinical practice, however,the underlying mechanism has not been clarified yet. Aims:To investigate the therapeutic effect of TG on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice and its possible mechanisms. Methods:Sixty healthy male BALB/ c mice were randomly divided into six groups:model control group,low,medium and high-dose TG group,blank control group and normal control group. Mice in the first four groups drank 5% DSS freely for 7 days to induce experimental colitis;simultaneously,distilled water,9. 01,27. 03 or 81. 09 mg/(kg·d)TG were given intragastrically for 21 days in these four groups,respectively. Histopathological changes of colonic mucosal tissues were observed;expressions of TLR4 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting;expression of NF-κB p65 was detected by immunohistochemistry;concentrations of IL-1α,TNF-α and IL-13 were measured by ELISA. Results:Tissue damage and inflammation in varying degrees were observed in colonic mucosal tissues in TG groups with different dosage,but all were less severe than those in model control group. Expressions of TLR4 mRNA,TLR4 protein,and NF-κB p65 in colonic mucosal tissues,as well as concentrations of IL-1α and TNF-α in supernatant of colonic homogenate were significantly lower in TG groups than those in model control group(P < 0. 01). These parameters in medium and high-dose TG groups were significantly lower than those in low-dose TG group(P < 0. 05),but higher than those in blank control group and normal control group(P < 0. 05). Except for TNF-α,no significant differences were seen between medium and high-dose TG groups(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:TG exerts a protective effect on DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice. The underlying mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect might be related with the inhibition of TLR4 / NF-κB signaling pathway activation and subsequently suppressing downstream proinflammatory cytokines expression and secretion.

Objective To investigate effects analysis of joint function and MMP-7 and MMP-9 measurement after synovial ar-throscopic debridement for knee synovitis.Methods 72 patients with knee synovitis method based on a random draw were e-qually divided into the treatment group and the control group,the control group were given the traditional synovial planing surgery.The treatment group were given the arthroscopic debridement synovium.Results After treatment,the response rates in the treatment group and the control group were 97.2% and 80.6% respectively.The response rate of the treatment group were significantly better than the control group.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The postopera-tive Lysholm scores were increased significantly,while the pain scores were significantly reduced,and the postoperative Ly-sholm score and pain scores difference compared between the two groups were also statistically significant.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The postoperative synovial tissue MMP-7 and MMP-9 expression rates were in the two groups significantly lower.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05),while the postoperative MMP-7 and MMP-9 expression rates of the treatment group were ignificantly lower than the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion Syn-ovial arthroscopic debridement for knee synovitis can relieve pain and improve knee function,reduce the expression of MMP-7 and MMP-9,thereby enhance the overall efficacy of the treatment.

Objective To quantify the expressions of collagen metabolic markers carboxy terminal propeptide of type I procollagen(PICP),nitrogen terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP),nitrogen terminal propeptide of typeⅢprocollagen(PⅢNP),type I collagen carboxy terminal telopeptide (ICTP), matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMPs)in the serum of atrial fibrillation patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and to discuss the atrial structural remodeling during atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods 71 elderly patients were enrolled,24 patients had permanent AF,24 patients had paroxysmal AF,and 23 patients were in sinus rhythm.The serum levels of all markers were measured by ELISA. Results PICP was increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 25.4%and 42.8%(all P<0.05),respectively.PⅢNP was increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 17.9a% and 35.6%(all P<0.05),respectively,and was increased in the paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group by 15.0%(P<0.05).PINP and ICTP did not differ significantly between the 3 groups(all P >0.05).MMP-1 was significantly increased by 25.6%(P<0.05)in the paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group.MMP-2 was also significantly increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 54.9%and 37.9%(all P<0.05),respectively.MMP-7,MMp-9 and TIMP-1 did not differ significantly between the 3 groups(P>0.05).TIMP-2was significantly decreased in the permanent AF group and paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group by 21.8%and 11.8%(P<0.05),respectively. Conclusions Disturbance in the balance of MMP/TIMP system may perturb the balance of collagen synthesis and degradation during atrial fibrillation.This may be a contributing mechanism to atrial structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation,and may correlate with the initiation and maintenance of AF.