Objective To study the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ( ACE2 ) with essential hypertension(EH) and antihypertensive response of valsartan.Methods A total of 120 case EH patients was received valsartan once daily for four weeks.Direct DNA sequencing was performed to detect the signgle nucleotide polymorphisms of ACE2 in 120 EH patients and 60 controls with normal blood pressure.ResultsThe genotyping data indicated that there were significant differences of G allele frequency between male or female EH group and controls( x2 =5.310,4.423,P ＜0.05 ).Treated with valsartan,patients with.G allele were not found to be associated with reduction in blood pressure( P ＞0.05).Conclusions Our data suggest that the ACE2 G8790A signgle nucleotide polymorphisms might be involved in the development of EH.The risk developing hypertension in the people carrying G allele is higher than that in those carrying other allele.Therefore,ACE2 gene might be a sensitive gene associated with EH.

目的探讨980nm半导体激光经皮椎间盘减压术(PLDD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法286例患者局麻后在C型臂X射线机透视下确定病变椎间盘平面,以每个椎间盘600～800J激光能量行PLDD。参照Choy评分法评价疗效。结果经1年以上随访,0～2分者(优)188例(65.8%),;3～5分者(良)41例(4.1%),6～10分者57例(20%);无椎间盘炎及其他并发症发生。结论PLDD能有效缓解椎间盘源性疼痛。

Objective To investigate the effect of different levels of positive pressure (PEEP) during one-lung ventilation on blood gas and hemodynamics in patients with thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery.Methods Seventy-eight patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery were divided into three groups by random number table method,26 cases in each:group Ⅰ was only given one-lung intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) after two-lung ventilation,group Ⅱ was given one-lung IPPV and PEEP 5 cmH2O (1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa) after two-lung ventilation,group Ⅲ was given one-lung IPPV and PEEP 10 cmH2O after two-lung ventilation.Blood gas and hemodynamics were recorded and compared in the supine position and lateral position two-lung ventilation,one lung ventilation 10 and 30 min among three groups.Results Oxygen saturation was maintained at 0.99-1.00 in three groups.pH value,base excess,arterial carbondioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and HCO3-at each time point in three groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ at one-lung ventilation 10,30 min was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ [(336.2 ± 113.2),(348.5 ± 109.7) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(285.0 ± 103.5) mmHg,(357.6 ± 104.0),(358.9 ±103.2) mmHg vs.(276.0 ± 107.2) mmHg] (P ＜0.05),but were within the normal range,there was no statistical difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (p ＞ 0.05).Heart rate,mean arterial pressure,left ventricular ejection time,systemic vascular resistance at each time point in three groups had no statistical significance (P ＞0.05).Stroke volume,cardiac output in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ at one-lung ventilation 10,30 min were lower than those in supine position and lateral position two-lung ventilation and the same period in group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.05),but were within the normal range,there were no statistical differences between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (p ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Two-lung ventilation after one-lung IPPV and PEEP 5 cmH2O in thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery can maintain satisfactory PaO2 and PaCO2,hemodynamic change is not obvious; PEEP 5 cmH2O compares with only IPPV can further improve PaO2,but PEEP 10 cmH20 can't further improve PaO2.

Objective To explore the value of diffused optical tomography(DOT)with ultrasonography (US)in differential diagnosis of breast benign from malignant neoplasms.Methods One hundred ard twenty-three breast neoplasms from 113 patients were checked use the optical tomography image ultrasonography(OPTIMUS).The diagnosis results of the system were compared with pathological study.Two-dimensional ultrasound features in breast neoplasms were digitalizated,and HBT and SO_2 were detected by DOT.At last,synthesis diagnostic index(SDI)was obtained by both US and DOT.Statistic process was carried out in sensitivity,specificity,and the rate of accuracy respectively by US,DOT and OPTIMUS system.Results Among breast neoplasms of 123 mass studied pathologically,78 of them were benign and the rest were malignant.HBT in benign lesions(153.02±105.78)was significantly less than malignant lesions(232.95±78.22),SO_2 in benign lesions(1.0332±0.1641)was significantly elevated compared with malignant lesions(0.8794±0.1814),SDI in benign lesions(147.26±53.76)was significantly less than malignant lesions(243.98±57.27),significant differences were found between the two groups(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of differential diagnosis of breast neoplasms by the OPTIMUS system was 93.33%,the specificity was 83.33%,and the rate of accuracy was 86.99%.Conclusions OPTIMUS can improve the specificity and the rate of early diagnosis.

Objective To introduce surgical repair methods of cross-bridge transplantation of free latissimus dorsi muscular flap and free fibula for complex lower leg defect and discuss its clinical feasibility.Methods The study included 12 patients with tibial defect larger than 8 cm (range,9-12 cm) combined with soft tissue defect of 17 cm × 12 cm to 20 cm × 18 cm treated from May 2008 to May 2012.Cross-bridge transplantation of free latissimus dorsi muscular flap and free fibula was performed at the first phase.The flap pedicled with subscapular vessel was anastomosed to posterior tibial artery and vein of normal lower leg.The flap pedicled with anterior serratus muscle of distal thoracodorsal artery was anastomosed to peroneal vessel of fibular flap.External fixators were used to immobilize the bilateral lower legs postoperatively.Results All patients were followed up for 13-32 months (mean 21 months).According to Enneking system,mean leg function was scored 23 points after tandem transplantation of free latissimus dorsi muscle and free fibula,with recovery rate of 77％.Conclusions Cross-bridge transplantation of free latissimus dorsi muscular flap and free fibula tackles the problem of recipient vessel limitation.Further,the technique is effective in repair of large area of complex defect in lower legs.

Objective To evaluate the morbidity of the post-prostatectomy incontinence of supra-pubic transvesical prostatectomy(SPP) and transurethral resection of prostate(TURP). Methods One hundred and thirtyfive patients were divided into two groups. 82 patients underwent SPP and 53 patients underwent TURP. We ob-served the morbidity and the time lasting of post-prostatectomy incontinence, the severity of post-prostatectomy in-continence as evaluated by Stamey incontinence grading system,patients who had more than one week postoperativeincontinence were received urodynamic tests,then we got the information of their incontinence types. Results We found that patients who underwent SPP had higher morbidity, severity and time lasting than those who underwent TURP. SPP group had much more morbidity of stress incontinence than TURP group, but the same morbidity of ur-gent incontinence after operation as the later. Conclusion TURP may be better than SPP in consideration of the post-prostateetomy incontinence. SPP group has more stress incontinence and it may be caused by complete resection of prostate and damnifieation of the mucous membrane of membranous urethra.

Transplantation of engineering cartilage is a better choice for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions.Constructing engineering cartilage needs seeded cells and scaffold materials.The property of scaffold materials has a great influence on the biomechanical features of engineering cartilage.A variety of materials can be used for constructing engineering cartilaginous framework.Exploring the research development of scaffold materials and comparing the effects of their clinical applications is of great significance for further improvement of biomechanical characteristics of the engineering cartilage.

Objective To investigate the decomposition method of surface EMG(sEMG)signals based on Blind Source Separation and to detect the the motor unit action potential(MUAP)information.Methods Utilizing the sEMG signals recorded at low muscle contraction force(10% MVC),the methods of second order non-stationary source separation(SEONS)and FastICA were explored to analyze the sEMG signals decomposition.Results The experiment results showed that the MUAP information could be acquired by spike detection and pattern recognition after the decomposition of recorded sEMG signals using the proposed algorithm and FastICA method,but a little difference occurred due to the complexity of sEMG signals.Conclusion The non-stationary characteristic of sEMG signals is considered by the SEONS algorithm,and the proposed method can be applied in the sEMG signals decomposition.

The decomposition method of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals was explored by using the multi-channel information extraction and fusion analysis to acquire the motor unit action potential (MUAP) patterns. The action potential waveforms were detected with the combined method of continuous wavelet transform and hypothesis testing, and the effective detection analysis was judged with the multi-channel firing processes of motor units. The cluster number of MUAPs was confirmed by the hierarchical clustering technique, and then the decomposition was implemented by the fuzzy k-means clustering algorithms. The unclassified waveforms were processed by the template matching and peel-off methods. The experimental results showed that several kinds of MUAPs were precisely extracted from the multi-channel sEMG signals. The space potential distribution information of motor units could be satisfyingly represented by the proposed decomposition method.
Action Potentials ; physiology ; Algorithms ; Electromyography ; methods ; Humans ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

A method of motor unit action potentials (MUAP) detection and classification was introduced to explore the firing information of recruited motor units in the neural muscular system. Based on the continuous wavelet transform, the first order Hermite-Rodriguez (HR) function was used as the mother wavelet, and the binary hypothesis testing algorithm was combined to detect and localize the MUAP waveforms in the surface electromyography (sEMG) signal. Then, the fuzzy k-means clustering and minimum distance classifying algorithms were applied to the primary clustering of the detected MUAPs. Finally, the template matching method was used to solve the problem of the unclassified waveforms. The experimental results showed that the kinds of MUAP information from the recorded sEMG signal could be acquired by waveform detection and pattern recognition. The proposed method does not require multi-channel sEMG signals; it just utilizes the single channel signal to analyze the MUAPs, and it can improve the decomposition efficiency.
Action Potentials ; physiology ; Algorithms ; Electromyography ; methods ; Humans ; Motor Neurons ; physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; innervation ; physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis