BACKGROUND:In recent years, many drugs emerge to control tooth movement, and scholars in China begin to investigate Chinese herbs with moderate nature and smal adverse reaction.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the relapse after orthodontic tooth movement, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in periodontal tissue after rats were treated with local tanshinone type IIA at different doses.
METHODS:A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control, low dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.36 mg/d), medium dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.72 mg/d), and high dose (tanshinone type IIA 1.44 mg/d) groups. Taking anterior teeth as the anchorage, the maxil ary first molar of rats was tracted to mesial movement. In experimental groups, gingival mucosa of the first molar was local injected with tanshinone type IIA 1 day
before the force device was removed, while control group was injected with physiological saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Immediately, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the force device was removed, the distance between the maxil ary first molar and second molar was measured and body mass was weighted. The animals were kil ed after 4 weeks, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in maxil ary first molar and periodontal tissue were determined using immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no obvious change in the body weight of rats in each group (P>0.05). In low, medium and high dose groups, recurrent distance of the teeth was shorter than that in control group (P<0.05), and recurrence percentage was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The greater the dose was, the
smal er the degree of recurrence was. Osteoprotegerin expression in the periodontal tissue was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group (P<0.05), while osteoclast differentiation factor expression was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor in the periodontal tissue was greater than 1 in both control group and experimental groups, and reached the peak in the high dose group. Local delivery of tanshinone type IIA has no impact on body weight of normal rats, and can effectively control the recurrence rate after orthodontic tooth movement. Within a certain range, high dose achieves the most obvious effect. Regulating osteoclast through adjusting the ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor could be the molecular mechanism of tanshinone type IIA accelerating the periodontal tissue rebuilding.

ObjectiveTo explore the value of the diagnosis of breast cancer by acoustic elastography, conventional ultrasonography (including gray-scale ultrasonography, color Doppler flow imaging and Doppler spectrum) and mammography.MethodsOne hundred and four patients with breast disease conifrmed by surgical pathology were studied retrospectively in Zibo Maternal and Children Health Hospital. All the patients were examined by acoustic elastography, conventional ultrasonography and mammography before surgery.ResultsPathological results of 104 cases were: sixty-five malignanies and 39 benignities. The most common signs in the diagnosis of breast cancer by conventional ultrasonography were spicule sign (76.9%, 50/65), taller-than-wide sign (73.8%, 48/65), vascular resistance index>0.7 (70.8%, 46/65), calciifcation (53.8%, 35/65). And breast masses without these signs were regarded as benign lesions. The diagnostic criteria of breast cancer by acoustic elastography was 5-point method. We regarded the lesions got more than 3 points as malignancy. The most common signs in the diagnosis of breast cancer by mammography were dense shadow (73.8%, 48/65), spicule sign (70.8%, 46/65), calcification (69.2%, 45/65). And breast masses without these signs were regarded as benign lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of acoustic elastography, conventional ultrasonography, mammography, conventional ultrasound plus acoustic elastography, conventional ultrasound plus mammography and acoustic elastography plus mammography for breast tumor were 88.4% (92/104), 86.5% (90/104), 83.7% (87/104), 93.3% (97/104), 90.4% (94/104) and 89.4% (93/104), respectively. ConclusionsThe combination of any two imaging modalities can improve the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer. And conventional ultrasound combined with acoustic elastography could be an effective method in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Objective　To investigate the expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor in human breast cancer cell Bcap-37 inhibited by soybean isoflavones. Methods　mRNA and protein of TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅠ in Bcap-37 cells were examined with reverse transcription ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry after cells were treated with daidein or genistein for 1-4 d.The expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 was determined with TGF-β resistance test. Results　The TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β recepor increased in Bcap-37 cells at a concentration of 3×10-5 mol/L of genistein. No changes was found when treated with daidzein. Conclusion　Genistein may inhibit the proliferation of Bcap-37 cells and accompany with increasing expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β receptor.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.013

Based on the anatomical study of kidney in mammals of 27 families and 163 species, the authors discovered Anoa depressicornis type kidney, and obtained the evidence of morphological transition between Ox-type kidney and Pig-type kidney. After observing the renal papillary structure of Budorcas taxicolor, the evidence of fact and theoretical bases of the biological view was proved that the general papillae are developed from the multi-papillae kidney. The author advanced a new type of leaf-shaped multipapillae kidney. The authors suggest to classify the mammalian kidneys principally into 2 groups, i. e, simple and composite kidney, and subdivide them into 4 types, i. e, multipapillae and concentrated papillae for simple kidney and leaf-shaped multipapillae and ball-shaped mono-papillae for composite kidney. In contrast to the previous classification, the 2-group 4-type classification recommended here with its solid anatomical foundation is conformable with the viewpoint of biology, and is more practical and integrated.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of propofol infusion by a closed-loop system for the titration of anaesthetic in laparoscopic cholecystectomy guided by Bispectral Index ( BIS). Methods Forty patients subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy randomly allocated into two groups: the control group with opened-loop titratioin of propofol TCI induced at a target of 4 μg?mL-1 and aintained from 2 to 5 μg?mL-1 and the treatment group with closed-loop titration was performed using a proportional differential algorithm.For both groups,the BIS was set at 45-55.Remifentanil TCI was infused at a target of 4 ng?mL-1 and was maintained according to the situation.The change in medial arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate (HR) and BIS were recorded before anesthesia(t0 ),target BIS of 50(t1 ),at tracheal intubation(t2 ),during incision of skin (t3 ),5 min after the operation(t4 ),at t5 of gallbladder removing and at t6 of skin suturing.The dose of propofol was calculated. Results Haemodynamic data were similar between groups during the induction.But MAP was decreased significantly at t1 ,t3 ,t4 , t5 in the control compared with the treatment group (P<0.05).HR changes a lot at t5 in the control compared with the treatment (P<0.05).Total dose of propofol in the treatment group was statistically lower than that in the controls [(110.10± 8.34) vs (120.55±6.26) mg; (603.20±116.55) vs (759.50±116.37) mg,P<0.05)]. Conclusion Automated titration guided by BIS for propofol infusion is feasible without increase in haemodynamic adverse effects and is of less propofol consumption in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relation between body mass index(BMI) and postoperative complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsThe clinical data of 99 patients who underwent CABG at Fujian Provincial Hospital were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to their preoperative BMI: normal group(n=21), overweight group(n=33), and obese group(n=45). And the related observation indexes were compared among the 3 groups.ResultsThe hospital mortality of normal, overweight and obese groups were 0%, 3.03% and 4.44% respectively (P>0.05). The rate of pulmonary infection (24.44%) or wound infection (24.39%) in the obese group was significantly higher than those in the normal group(4.76% or 0%) (P<0.05). The time stay ICU or hospital in the obese group were significantly greater than those in the normal and overweight groups (P<0.05). 6-minute walking test (6MWT) in the obese group was significantly less than that in the normal and overweight groups 3 months after the operation(P<0.001).ConclusionHigh preoperative BMI can take a negative effect on patients after CABG following postoperative complications.

BACKGROUND: Facial nerve injury causes facial nerve paralysis (or facial palsy) and even results in psychosocial disturbances of the patients. Repair the injured facial nerve and reconstruction of the nerve function as early as possible have been the primary concern in clinical studies.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the timing and surgical approaches for repairing facial paralysis in order to provides evidences for its therapeutic and prognostic evaluation.DESIGN: Case analysis based on patients.SETTING: Hospital of Plastic Surgery of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: Nine patients with traumatic facial paralysis hospitalized in the Hospital of Plastic Surgery of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from December 1993 to November 2001.METHODS: Facial nerve anastomosis was performed microsurgically along with the implantation of the sural nerve graft into orbicular muscle of the eye 3 or 4 months after nerve injury in the 9 patients. The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The facial nerve function was evaluated with House-Brackmann scale and photographs of the patients' faces before and after surgical treatment were taken.RESULTS: In the follow-up of these patients lasting 6 months to 2 years,all the patients attained satisfactory outcome.CONCLUSION: Early operation is crucial for the treatment of traumatic facial paralysis,with facial nerve anastomosis as the primary choice. The implantation of the nerve graft into muscle is also indicated for repairing traumatic facial paralysis in some cases. The importance of individualized treatment choice is reiterated on the basis of cicatrectomy and the extent and specific features of the injury.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of percutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 11patients with renal graft ureteral obstruction (2 cases of acute obstruction and 9 cases of chronic obstruction) from March 2009 to March 2011.The etiology of the obstruction was renal graft-ureter-bladder anastomotic stricture in 5 cases,stone obstruction in 2 cases,and undetermined in 4 cases.Renal graft and collecting system were examined by ultrasonography preoperatively to select suitable puncture position,and then ureteropyelography was performed under X-ray guidance.When the obstruction location was clear,the urology guidewire was implanted to the bladder by needle,and then guidewire was released by cystoscopy.Ureteral stent was implanted along the guidewire,and upper ureteral stents was observed under X-ray. After removal of guidewire,the stent location was confirmed once again.The renal pelvis fistula drainage lasted for 1-2 weeks,and ureteral stent to 6 months to one year.Ultrasound and renal function were tested after 1week,1month,3 months and 6 months,and then every six months.ResultsOperation was done successfully in 10 patients,and failed in one case due to a long segment of ureteral stenosis.The operating time of ureteral stent implantation was 54±27 min.Serum creatinine of patients was reduced from preoperative 326±147 to postoperative 89±49 μmol/L.During a follow-up period of 6 to 27 months,no complications occurred.ConclusionPercutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate a combination of open surgery and multiple interventional methods in the treatment of DVT of the lower extremities. Methods 521 cases (521 limbs,356 male and 165 female) were studied in this group. Age ranged from 16 to 86 years with the mean age of (46 ±9)years. All 521 cases with DVT were treated by Fogarty embolectomy catheter. Among them,348 cases underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), 135 cases received PTA and ultrasound ablation,stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases. Results Based on angiography during operation, the obstructed iliofemoral vein received complete recanalization in 511 cases. Among them, the postoperative luminal diameter was more than 90% in 38 cases after Fogarty embolectomy, the average stenosis rate was reduced from 90% ±5% to 24% ±5% in 365 cases after PTA and stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases with the stenosis rate still over 50% after PTA. Only partial recanalization was achieved in the entrance of common iliac vein to inferior vena cava in 10 cases. Of the 521 cases,472 cases were followed-up with mean time of (53 ± 26) months, ranging from 8 to 108 months and 462 cases reported satisfactory results with normal life,the unsuccessful 10 cases still felt swelling pain especially in erect position. Complications occurred in 33 cases. Conclusions Open surgery combining with multiple interventional methods is a safe and effective method in the treatment of DVT.