Objective: To explore the major factors which influence the hospitalization expense of fibroid operation,provide references for the effective control of the increasing medical expense and ease the burden of patients. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2012, 1 837 cases of fibroids in our hospital were investigated, and pathway analysis method was used to analyze the factors which influence the hospitalization expense. Results: Operation method, whether use hysterectomy, the year of medical treatment, complication, medical group and nosocomial infection are the critical influencing factors which can directly effect on the hospitalization expense, and these factors not only have direct effects but also have indirect effects on hospitalization expense. Conclusion:Government and medical institutions should take comprehensive measures to decraease hospitalization expense, including the reasonable treatment options, rational drug use, active treatment and prevention of infection.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, many drugs emerge to control tooth movement, and scholars in China begin to investigate Chinese herbs with moderate nature and smal adverse reaction.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the relapse after orthodontic tooth movement, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in periodontal tissue after rats were treated with local tanshinone type IIA at different doses.
METHODS:A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control, low dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.36 mg/d), medium dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.72 mg/d), and high dose (tanshinone type IIA 1.44 mg/d) groups. Taking anterior teeth as the anchorage, the maxil ary first molar of rats was tracted to mesial movement. In experimental groups, gingival mucosa of the first molar was local injected with tanshinone type IIA 1 day
before the force device was removed, while control group was injected with physiological saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Immediately, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the force device was removed, the distance between the maxil ary first molar and second molar was measured and body mass was weighted. The animals were kil ed after 4 weeks, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in maxil ary first molar and periodontal tissue were determined using immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no obvious change in the body weight of rats in each group (P>0.05). In low, medium and high dose groups, recurrent distance of the teeth was shorter than that in control group (P<0.05), and recurrence percentage was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The greater the dose was, the
smal er the degree of recurrence was. Osteoprotegerin expression in the periodontal tissue was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group (P<0.05), while osteoclast differentiation factor expression was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor in the periodontal tissue was greater than 1 in both control group and experimental groups, and reached the peak in the high dose group. Local delivery of tanshinone type IIA has no impact on body weight of normal rats, and can effectively control the recurrence rate after orthodontic tooth movement. Within a certain range, high dose achieves the most obvious effect. Regulating osteoclast through adjusting the ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor could be the molecular mechanism of tanshinone type IIA accelerating the periodontal tissue rebuilding.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Many cytokines can be detected in saliva and serum, and have more clinical significance in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of oral mucosa disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva of patients with different types of oral lichen planus and to explore the feasibility of saliva samples as a substitute of blood samples to study the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva. METHODS:Totaly 45 patients with oral lichen planus admitted at the Department of Periodontology, the Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University from January to July 2014 were enroled, including 15 cases of erosion type (erosion group), 15 cases of congestive erythema (congestive erythema group) and 15 cases of reticulate type (reticulate group). Another 15 healthy controls admitted for physical examination at the Department of Physical Examination, the Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University were enroled as controls. ELISA method was used to detect the interferon-γ and interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva in the four groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the interferon-γ levels in serum and saliva were lower in the other three groups (P < 0.01), while there were significant differences in the interferon-γ level among the patients with different types of oral lichen planus (P < 0.01). The interleukin-10 levels in serum and saliva were significantly higher in the erosion group and congestive erythema group than those in the control group (P < 0.01 orP < 0.05) and reticulate groupP < 0.01 orP < 0.05). Experimental findings suggest that the levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-10 in serum and saliva are highly correlated in patients with different types of oral lichen planus, and saliva samples can be instead of blood samples to detect the levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-10 in patients with oral lichen planus.

Objective To compare the clinical effect and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty between unipedicular and bipedicular approach for patients with osteoporosis vertebral compressive fractures. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 147 patients with single osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures from 2008 to 2014. Ninety-five cases were treated by PVP via a unipedicular approach (unipedicular group) and 52 cases were treated by the bipedicular approach (bipedicular group). The operation time, Cobb, frequency of X-ray exposure,complications like bone cement and postoperative VAS score were compared. Results No significant differences on the VAS score, cobb and complications were found (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences on the operation time and X-ray exposure frequency (P<0.05). Conclusions No significant differences on clinical effects were found between the unipedicular and the bipedicular approach to percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporosis vertebral compressive fractures. However, the unipedicular approach can shorten the operation time and reduce X-ray exposure.

BACKGROUND:The immune cells of renal al ograft recipients have always been the hot spot of research. However, there are few studies addressing the immune cellsubsets in renal al ograft recipients before operation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the proportional distribution of immune cellsubsets in renal al ograft recipients before operation. METHODS:Fifteen de novo living-related renal transplant recipients were enrol ed in this study with 15 healthy volunteers, aged 18-40 years, as healthy controls. Flow cytometry was employed to observe the proportion of the immune cellsubsets by extracting peripheral venous blood of al participants. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the renal al ograft recipients, the proportions of CD4+CD25+T cells, the proportion of CD4+CD25+/CD4+T cells, CD19+B cells, CD19+CD5+B cells, CD19+CD27+B cells, NKG2A/NK cells, and NKG2A/NKG2 cells were al lower than those in the healthy controls;however, the proportion of CD38+IgD-/CD19+B cells and NKG2D cells were higher than those in the healthy controls. The difference of the proportion of immune cellsubsets aforementioned between the two groups was statistical y significant (P<0.05), while no difference was observed in other subsets. Immune cellsubsets in renal al ograft recipients before operation could be used to assess the immune status of the recipients, and also could be seen as the basal control for postoperative immunological monitoring.

Objective To study the protective earth requirement for touched metal parts of medical electrical equipment to improve the manufacturer's understanding on national standards.Methods The isolation methods for the touched metal parts in national standards were studied,and the principle of protective earth combined with insulation separating was analyzed.The characteristics of the second isolation method was discussed,and the respiratory system structure and electroshock protection of the anaesthetic machine were taken as examples.Results The touched metal parts with no measures for grounding,double isolation or reinforced insulation was determined by structure detection to meet the requirements of national standards in case basic insulation ceased to be effective and the parts were uncharged.Conclusion The necessities to girt the touched metal parts with measures for grounding,double isolation or reinforced insulation should depend on the understanding on national standards and electrical construction of the equipment under test by structure detection.

BACKGROUND:Various studies confirm that smoking can contribute to the resorption of periodontal alveolar bone.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of smoking in alveolar bone resorption of periodontitis rat models.
METHODS:A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups. Normal group:rats were normal y fed without any other pre-treatment;Control group:experimental periodontitis model was established using wire ligation method in rats;Experimental group:rat models were given passive smoking during experimental
modeling period. Al rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks of modeling, periodontal tissue were removed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for examining pathological changes in periodontal tissue, and immunohistochemical analysis was done for observing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegrin expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 8 weeks of modeling, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand factor was significantly higher in alveolar bone of rats from experimental group in comparison to control group (P<0.05), whereas expression of osteoprotegerin in alveolar bone was significantly greater in rats from control group when compared to experimental group (P<0.05). This finding suggests that smoking can increase the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand protein and reduce osteoprotegrin expression in periodontal rats, thus increasing the resorption of periodontal alveolar bone.

BACKGROUND:Increasing studies have found that, percutaneous vertebroplasty and bone cement are characterized by few traumas, few bleeding, simple operation, rapid recovery, rapid pain relief, and effective efficacy. However, tumor recurrence, symptom improvement, bone cement leakage and other complications make people controversial. OBJECTIVE: To explore and summarize clinical outcomes and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty and bone cement for treating symptomatic vertebral hemangioma. METHODS:Fifty-two cases patients of symptomatic vertebral hemangioma (including 21 male and 31 female, aged 16-63 years) were treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty and bone cement. The lesions were found at T5-T12 in 36 cases and at L1-L3 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Al 52 patients were folowed up for at least 6 months after the operation. The Visual Analogue Scale and Oswestry Disability Index were significantly increased at 1 day, 3 weeks and 6 months post-surgery, when compared to before surgery (P< 0.05); the modified Macnab evaluation was excelent in 40 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 3 cases, and poor in 2 cases, and the excelent and good rate was 90%. Only one patient had recurrence at 6 months after surgery and one patient had the leakage of bone cement. No other complications were found. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and bone cement could effectively cure vertebral hemangioma and relieve the pain, which is a safe treatment. in 16 cases. Clinical outcomes such as Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry Disability Index and modified Macnab criteria, as wel as complication before and after surgery were evaluated.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the change of blood flow in exceedingly expanded skin and the viability of the flaps. Methods In 21 expansions of 10 patients, the skin blood flow and its amplitude were measured by laser Doppler in different stages. The results were compared with the final outcomes of patients. Results The volume of blood flow and its amplitude of normal skin were very low and stable, but after expanded, the volume of blood flow and the amplitude grew up, which were significantly higher than that of normal skin (P

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.013