[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical effects of proton pump inhibitor(PPI) combined with traditional Chinese medicine for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD).METHODSA total of 74 LPRD patients with laryngopharyngeal signs and symptoms confirmed by reflux symptom index(RSI) and reflux finding score(RFS) were enrolled. All patients received PPI combined with traditional Chinese medicine therapy. Effect evaluation was conducted at 2, 6, 12, and 18 months after the beginning of therapy.RESULTSThe relief rate was 74.3%, 90.5%, 87.8%, and 86.5% at the 2, 6, 12, and 18 months after the beginning of treatment respectively.CONCLUSIONPPI combined with traditional Chinese medicine therapy is safe and effective for LPRD and worthy of wide application.

To provide theoretical and practical basis for the successful formulation design of physically-mixed inhalation dry powder of proteins and peptides, related references were collected, analyzed and summarized. In this review drug micronization technology and commonly used carriers for inhalation dry powder preparation were introduced. For proteins and peptides, supercritical fluid technology and spray-drying are more suitable because of their capabilities of keeping drug activity. Being approved by U. S. Food and Drug Administration, lactose has been extensively used as carriers in many inhalation products. Formulation and process factors influencing drug deposition in the lung, including carrier properties, drug-carrier ratio, blending order, mixing methods, mixing time and the interaction between drug and carrier, were elucidated. The size, shape and surface properties of carries all influence the interaction between drug and carrier. Besides, influence of micromeritic properties of the dry powder, such as particle size, shape, density, flowability, charge, dispersibility and hygroscopicity, on drug deposition in the lung was elaborated. Among these particle size plays the most crucial role in particle deposition in the lung. Moreover, based on the mechanisms of powder dispersity, some strategies to improve drug lung deposition were put forward, such as adding carrier fines, adding adhesive-controlling materials and reprocessing micronized drug. In order to design physically-mixed inhalation dry powder for proteins and peptides with high lung deposition, it is essential to study drug-carriers interactions systematically and illustrate the potential influence of formulation, process parameters and micromeritic properties of the powder.

Objective To observe the expression of cytotoxicity and receptors on NK cells in breast cancer,and investigate the impact of soluble MICA(sohble MHC class Ⅰ-related molecules A,sMICA) on NK cells receptors expression and cytotoxicity.Methods ELISA was used to examine the sMICA in peripheral blood.The expressions of activated receptor(NKG2D),killer inhibitory receptor (KIR)(CD158b) and NK cells were identified by flow cytometry(FCM).Cytotoxicity of NK cells to breast cancer were tested by MTT.Results sMICA was (205.36±71.27)ng/L in breast cancer patients and 81.6 % samples were detected.There were positive correlations between sMICA levels with breast cancer stages.There were no difference of NK cells percentage between breast cancer and healthy person.The cytotoxicity of NK cells and expressions of NKG2D were obviously lower in breast cancer with sMICA(+) than in healthy person,but CD158b was higher in healthy person.After cultured with sMICA,NK cells cytotoxicity decreased from(76.2±6.7)% to(48.4±4.1)% and the expression of NKG2D reduced from(92.5±7.1)% to (62.5±6.4)%,but the the expression of CD158b increased from(10.6±3.2)% to (43.6±3.4)%.IL-15 up regulated the expression of NKG2D and NK cells cytotoxicity,but decreased the expression of CD158b by co-culturation with IL-15 and sMICA in sMICA+ patients with breast cancer.Conclusion sMICA reduced the expression of NKG2D and increased the expression of Kill,which lead to the down regulation of NK cells cytotoxicity.IL-15 can reverse this effect.

Objective: To establish the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis pH 4-7 maps of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa,and to analyze differently expressed proteins of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa.Methods: The total proteins of human gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa were extracted,separated and analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE).Results:By comparing and analyzing pH 4-7 protein expression maps of 5 cases of gastric carcinoma and paired paracancerous mucosa,128 differently expressed protein spots were detected,of which 56 expressed only in gastric carcinoma,27 in normal gastric mucosa tissues,32 more highly and 13 more lowly in gastric carcinoma than in paracancerous mucosa tissues. Conclusion: Proteins express differently in gastric carcinoma from paired paracancerous mucosa.Searching for differently expressed proteins between the two types of tissues may throw light on the molecular mechanism of gastric carcinoma.

Objective:To compare the mental health between the urban mothers and rural mothers of children with cleft lip and pal-ate.Methods:1 68 mothers(including 1 24 rural and 44 urban)of the children with cleft lip and palate were included in the trial group and 82 mothers of normal children were included in the control group.The subjects were tested by the self-assessment symptom lists of SCL-90 for the evaluation and comparison of mental health.Results:The scores of nine dimensions of trial group in somatization, forcing symptoms,depression,anxiety,etc were significantly higher than those of the control group(P <0.05).The scores of nine di-mensions of rural group in somatization,forcing symptoms,depression,anxiety,etc were higher than those of the urban group,the ri-val,psychotic and total scores showed significant differences(P <0.05);Conclusion:The mental health status of mothers of children with cleft lip and palate is poorer than that of those of normal children.That of the rural mothers is poorer than that of the urban ones. Special attention should be paid to the mental health status of the parents of children with cleft lip and palate.

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and the effect of free chimeric perforator flap with deep inferior epigastric artery for the soft tissue defect on the lower extremity with deep dead space.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2010 to Aug. 2011, 8 patients with soft tissue defects on the lower extremities combined with dead space, bone or joint exposure were reconstructed with free hinged perforator flaps with deep inferior epigastric artery. The muscle flap was inserted into the deep dead space, with perforator flap for superficial defect. The defects on the donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived with primary healing. Good color and texture was achieved. The patients were followed up for 12-24 months, with an average of 16 months. 2 over-thick flaps were treated by flap-thinning surgery. Only linear scar was left on the donor site on abdomen with no malfunction.

CONCLUSIONSThe free chimeric perforator flap with deep inferior epigastric artery can simultaneously construct the dead space and superficial defect with only anastomosis of one set of vascular pedicle. It is an ideal method with good results on recipientsites and less morbidity on donor sites.

Cicatrix ; Epigastric Arteries ; transplantation ; Feasibility Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; surgery ; Lower Extremity ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Wound Healing

Objective:To explore the role of NKG2D ligand MHC-I related molecule A (MICA) in chemotherapy combined with NK cell immunotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal cancer after surgery. Methods:A total of 90 patients with esophageal cancer from Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital were divided into three groups after surgery:40 patients of chemotherapy alone, 25 patients of chemotherapy combined with NK cell therapy with negative expression of MICA (MICA-group), and 25 patients of chemotherapy combined with NK cells therapy with positive expression of MICA (MICA+group). The efficacy was then compared. Results:Compared with the chemotherapy alone and MICA-groups, the positive rates of CD3+, CD4+T cells, NK cells, and the CD4+/CD8+ratio in peripheral blood from MICA+group were higher than those before treatment (64.2%± 6.4%vs. 51.3%± 5.6%, 39.8%± 8.2%vs. 29.5%± 3.2%, 25.3%± 2.1%vs. 16.4%±4.3%, 1.4%± 0.5%vs. 1.1%± 0.7%;P<0.05). Meanwhile, the levels of T-reg cells were lower than those before treatment (6.3%± 4.5%vs. 17.3%± 2.4%, P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the disease control rate and response rate. Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and peripheral neurotoxicity symptoms were significantly improved, and time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were significantly prolonged (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the chemotherapy alone group and MICA-group (P>0.05). Conclusion:Treatment with chemotherapy and autologous NK cells on patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma and MICA positive expression can be safely transfused with only minor side effects and can effectively improve a patient's immune system, quality of life, and survival.

Objective: To explore the cytopathologic features and differential diagnostic essentials of the lung mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor(MALT).Methods: The fine needle aspiration(FNA) tissues and bronchi smears of 4 cases of MALT were examined by cytology,histology and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results: Cytologically,3 of the 4 cases were definitely diagnosed as lymphoid tumor and 1 suspected of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma,while histopathologically,all were diagnosed as MALT.The neoplastic cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a,but negative for CD3,CD5,CD10,CD45RO,CKpan and EMA.Conclusion: MALT is a rare pulmonary lymphoma difficult to be diagnosed.The definite diagnosis of pulmonary MALT depends on the cytology of FNA and bronchi smears,histopathology,and immunohistochemistry.

Objective To explore the relevance of expression of MHC class Ⅰ-related molecules A (MICA) molecule and NK cells immunotherapy in esophageal cancer patients after operation.To analyze the significance of MICA expression in NK cell immunotherapy.Methods 100 patients of esophageal cancer were divided into 3 group,surgical alone group,MICA negative with NK therapy group (MICA-group) and MICA positive with NK therapy group (MICA+ group).The immunity indicators and tumor markers including the levels of CD3+,CD4+ T cells,ratio of CD4+/CD8+, NK cells,Treg cells,the levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine,the antibody IgA,IgM,IgG and the tumor markers of CEA,SCC,CA199,CYFRA21-1 were detected before treatment and after treatment 60 days.Results The positives rates of CD3+,CD4+ T cells,NK cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood from MICA+ patients group were higher than those of before treatment [(68.3±7.6) ％ vs (56.2±4.1) ％,(39.8±8.2) ％ vs (30.8±4.7) ％,(22.2±4.7) ％ vs (18.7±5.5) ％,(1.49±0.30) vs (1.15±0.61),P ＜ 0.05],meanwhile the levels of Treg cells was lower than those of before treatment [(8.1± 4.0) ％ vs (13.4±4.5) ％,P ＜ 0.05].There was no statistical significant difference of positive rate of CD8+ T cells [(26.9±6.2) ％ vs (27.8±7.1) ％,P ＞ 0.05].The levels of Th1 cytokin (IL-2,IFN-γand TNF-α) increased and Th2 cytokin (IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10) decreased after treatment.The level of Th17 cytokine was not different significantly (P ＞ 0.05).The content of IgA,IgM,IgG in MICA+ group were effectively improved after treatment.The tumor markers CEA,SCC,CA199,CYFRA21-1 had no statistically change before and after treatment.Conclusion The results indicate that NK cells immunotherapy can enhance the cellular immunity and humoral immunity of MICA positive esophageal cancer patients after operation.

Objective To explore the optimization of intubations for severe brain injury patients in ICU. Methods Seventy-six severe brain injury patients were divided into research group and traditional group through the envelop method, with 38 patients in each group. Patients in research group was induced by dexmedetomidine, while patients in traditional group was induced by midazolam or propofol. Throat and intratrachea surface anesthesia was taken with 3 ml of 1%lidocaine on two groups before intubation, and they were intubated through direct laryngoscope. Patients were connected with breathing machines after intubation, and the arterial carbondioxide partial pressure was maintained at 30-35 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). Intubations time, one-time success rate, cardiovascular reaction index, myocardial damage and heart failure biomarkers, adverse reaction, patients comfort and intubationists satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results The intubation time on research group was significantly shorter than that on traditional group [(27.1 ± 14.2) s vs. (42.2 ± 18.7) s], and there was statistical significance (P<0.01). The one-time success rates in two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The heart rates and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at pre-intubation, post-intubation, 5 min after intubation and 10 min after intubation in research group were significantly lower than those in traditional group:heart rate:(77.8 ± 8.5) bpm vs. (85.1 ± 7.6) bpm, (85.3 ± 9.1) bpm vs. (106.4 ± 12.5) bpm, (84.4 ± 10.4) bpm vs. (96.4 ± 11.9) bpm, (80.5 ± 12.1) bpm vs. (89.0 ± 10.5) bpm;MAP: (82.6 ± 10.1) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (93.2 ± 14.3) mmHg, (88.3 ± 13.2) mmHg vs. (113.7 ± 15.1) mmHg, (85.4 ± 14.0) mmHg vs. (101.3 ± 9.9) mmHg, (83.7 ± 10.7) mmHg vs. (90.3 ± 13.4) mmHg, and there were statistical significances (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance of SpO2 between groups at every time point (P>0.05). For 6 and 12 h after intubation, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in research group were significantly lower than those in traditional group:CK-MB:(30.5 ± 7.2) U/L vs. (35.2 ± 10.1) U/L, (25.7 ± 5.7) U/L vs. (27.7 ± 6.5) U/L;cTnT:(0.6 ± 0.2) μg/L vs. (0.8 ± 0.1) μg/L, (0.5 ± 0.2) μg/L vs. (0.6 ± 0.2) μg/L;BNP:(152.6 ± 13.7) pg/L vs. (189.4 ± 19.3) pg/L, (89.7 ± 27.5) pg/L vs. (111.8 ± 20.4) pg/L, and there were statistical significances (P<0.05). There were no significant adverse reactions in two groups after topical anesthesia. The comfort and intubationists satisfaction scores in research group were significantly higher than those in traditional group: (2.5 ± 0.4) scores vs. (1.8 ± 0.5) scores and (8.8 ± 1.1) scores vs. (7.1 ± 0.9) scores, and there were statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusions Combining dexmedetomidine induction with topical anesthesia to intubate is safe and effective, which is the optimization of tracheal intubations to severe brain injury patients.