Objective To investigate the mechanism of presynaptic protein (Munc18) antibody in inducing epilepsy on rat. Methods Munc18 antibody was continuously micro-injected into CA1 area of hippocampus in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat (the injection times were nine). The potential epileptic seizure was evaluated according to both electroencephalogram (EEG) and behaviors. HE, Nissle and TUNEL staining were applied on rat brain sections as to detecting the cell damage and apoptosis after tenth week. Results Ten of twelve rats produced epileptic EEG, five cases among these ten rats maintained abnormal EEG after the sixth week since injections. Nine of the above twelve rats had epileptic seizure according to Racine grade one to four, four cases among these nine rats kept seizure after the sixth week since injections. The number of neurons decreased (155?20,P

Objective. To determine the effects of HOE 694, a new and potent Na＋ -H＋ exchanger blocker, on transient inward current (Iti) and Na＋ -Ca2＋ exchange during hypoxia-reoxygenation in guinea pig cardiomyocytes. Methods. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from adult guinea pig ventricle. Experiment was performed in an experimental chamber that allowed the cells to be exposed to a sufficiently low O2 pressure. The cells were subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. The ionic currents were studied with patch clamp technique. Results. In the absence of HOE 694, hypoxia-reoxygenation induced Iti in 12 of 15 experiments; but in cardiomyocytes pretreated with HOE 694 (10～ 50 μ mol/L), the incidence of Iti observed during reoxygenation was reduced to 5 of 11 experiments and 3 of 10 experiments, P0.05 vs control respectively. The Na＋-Ca2＋ exchange current was unaffected by HOE 694 under normoxic condition. However, when cells were pretreated with 10 μ mol/L HOE 694 for 10 min, then subjected to hypoxia condition, the Na＋  Ca2＋ exchange current was significantly inhibited. Conclusions. Blockade of the Na＋ -H＋ exchange by HOE 694 could reduce Ca2＋ overload upon hypoxia-reoxygenation, and inhibition of Na＋ -H＋ exchange may also indirectly decrease Na＋ -Ca2＋ exchange activity during hypoxia.