Objective The purpose of our study was to assess the onset effect of bystander CPR assisted by a smart phone APP or by a dispatcher.Methods 74 volunteers,without any experience in basic life support measures,was randomly divided into three groups:no-assisted group (n=13),dispatcher-assisted group (n=34) and smart phone APP-assisted group (n=27).Under the condition of a simulative SCA,a QCPR mannequin was used to record the hands-off time,hand placement,rate,depth and complete chest recoil after each compression of the three different groups to make analysis.The no-assisted group didn't receive any CPR instruction;the dispatcher-assisted group was instructed to do CPR through the voice from the telephone;the smartphone APP-assisted group was instructed by a preset Android smart phone CPR APP which guided the volunteers to do CPR step by step by words,voice and animations.Rank sum test analysis of each group using SPSS19.0 software.Results In aspects of hands-off time (1.0 second vs.1.5 seconds vs.5.0 seconds),mean rate of compression (121.0 per minute vs.127.5 per minute vs.58.0 per minute),percentage of correct compression rate (99.0％ vs.98.0％ vs.0.0％) and mean depth of compression (33.0 cm vs.26.5 cm vs.16.0 cm),smart phone APP-assisted group performed as well as dispatcher-assisted group (P＞0.05) and was superior to no-assisted group (P＜0.05).Conclusion In terms of increasing the quality of CPR,the smart phone APP can play the same role as dispatcher's telephone guidance,so as to enhance the effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

This study was aimed to reveal the roles of biological factors T3, T4 and TSH in the pathogenesis of liver-qi invasion syndrome and liver-qi depression syndrome of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in the body. Thus, we may expound the connotation of conceptpotential stagnation ofqi and blood. Female workers of Jinan and Qingdao were selected as target groups by epidemiological cross-sectional survey. And specially trained investigators were responsible for screening patients referred to criterion on the international diagnostic standards and syndrome diagnosis of PMS. Patients' blood was taken as samples during the follicular phase (6 to 14 days), luteal phase (15 to 23 days), premenstrual phase (24 to 28 days) and the menstrual phase (1 to 5 days), respectively. Blood samples were disposed according to requirements of radioimmunoassay. Single factor analysis of variance was used in the comparison with the level of T3, T4 and TSH in menstrual blood for different time intervals of the case group and the normal group by SPSS 10.0 statistical software. The results showed that T3 levels of patients with either syndrome were significantly reduced during the premenstrual phase and the menstrual phase (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes on the level of serum T4 and TSH before and after the occurrence of the disease. Both of them were significantly increased during each phase of the menstrual cycle. It was concluded that changes of T3, T4 and TSH were one of the mechanisms in disease with liver-qi invasion syndrome and liver-qi depression syndrome. The micro change was the essence ofpotential stagnation of qi and blood, which was the body condition of this disease.

Objective] With the method of removing wind, activating blood, removing phlegm and relieving cough, apply Bee-silkworm Zhike Decoction, observe its cure effect on chronic cough. [Method] For 32 cases of chronic cough that had no marked cure effect with WM anti-infection and relieving cough to remove phlegm, apply Bee-silkworm Zhike Decoction to them, for 2w as a course, make evaluation after successive 2 courses. [Result] The average onset time was (9.1 ±4.6)d,the cough average disappearance period (20.3 ±9.1)d,28 cases were cured, 4 had effect, the total effective rate was 100%. [Conclusion] Bee-silkworm Zhike Decoction treating chronic cough has characteristics of quick onset, short course and marked cure effect, worth further study.

Objective To investigate the effects of Qibai Pingfei Capsules(QPC) on the expression of monoamine neurotransmitters of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor(5-HT) and dopamine(DA) receptors of DA1 and DA5 in the rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accompanied with depression, and to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism. Methods Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely normal group, COPD depression group, QPC group, Venlafaxine group, and QPC plus Venlafaxine group. The rat model of COPD accompanied with depression was established by compound methods of smoking, food deprivation, water deprivation, forced swimming, shaking, and clipping tail. And then the effects of QPC on the lung function and the general characteristics were observed. Furthermore, the mRNA level of 5-HT1AR was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR), and protein levels of DA-1 and DA-5 in rat hippocampus were assayed by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with the normal group, forced expiratory volume in 0.3 second(FEV0.3), the forced volume capacity(FVC) and FEV0.3/ FVC in the COPD depression group were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with the COPD depression group, the values mentioned above were restored to different extents in the groups of QPC, Venlafaxine, and QPC plus Venlafaxine(P<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the expression levels of 5-HT1AR mRNA, and DA-1 and DA-5 protein in the COPD depression group were significantly down-regulated, and their levels were also slightly decreased in the treatment groups(P<0.05). Compared with the COPD depression group, the expression levels were up-regulated to various degrees in all of the treatment groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion QPC can increase the mRNA levels of 5-HT1AR and protein levels of DA-1 and DA-5 in the hippocampus of COPD with depression.

Background Congenital cataract is a major cause for blindness of childhood.Genetic gene mutation accounts for almost 1/3 of congenital cataract patients.The most common inheritance type is autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC).Over 100 mutations in 26 genes have been found to be associated with ADCC.Objective This study was to identify the disease-causing gene mutation in a family with ADCC.Methods This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital and followed Declaration of Helsinki.A northern Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital nuclear cataract was entrolled in Beijing Tongren Hospital in January 2011.Ocular examinations were performed and periphery blood specimens were collected from each family member under the informed consent.Genomic DNA was extracted.Twenty-one microsatellite markers around 17 ADCC genes were selected for linkage analysis,and two-point LOD score was calculated.CRYGC gene and CRYGD gene were amplified and screened for mutations using direct sequencing.ProtScale software was used to analyze the changes of hydrophobicity of the mutated protein.Co-segregation of the observed change with the disease phenotype was further detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).Results This family included 20 members of 4 generations,and 9 patients were examined in serial 4 passages,which conformed to autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.Clinical examination revealed binocular congenital nuclear cataract in the 9 patients.Maximum two-point LOD score was 4.68 at marker D2S325 (θ=0).A known T→C change at position 127 of cDNA sequence was found by mutations screening of CRYGD gene.ProtScale programs showed an obvious increase of the local hydrophobicity in the mutant protein.RFLP results indicated that this missense mutation co-segregated with affected members of the family,but was absent in unaffected members and 100 unrelated controls.Conclusions c.T127C mutation of CRYGD gene appears to be the molecular pathogenesis of this ADCC family.Aberrant structure of mutant CRYGD protein caused by hydrophobicity change may lead to opacification of lens.

Objective:To understand the anxiety and depression status of junior standardized training nurses and its influencing factors,to explore the humanistic care strategies for anxiety and depression,and thus to provide the basis for improving the psychological state of the nurses and the content of standardized training.Methods:Across-sectional questionnaire survey were conducted among 161 standardized training nurses in one Three-A hospital using Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).Results:The positive rate of depression and anxiety in 161 standardized training nurses were 51.60％ and 34.70％,respectively.The coarse average scores of depression and anxiety were (39.73 ± 8.55) and (37.21 ± 8.64),respectively,which were higher than Chinese norm (33.46 ± 8.55) and (29.78 ± 6.46) (P ＜ 0.05).Family burden,clinical profes-sional knowledge and skills and work environment had influences on depression;family burden and the differences of rotation departments had influences on anxiety.Conclusion:The formulation of content of standardized train-ing should consider the different characteristics of rotation department.We should create a good working atmo-spherefor standardized training nurses,improve the training of professional knowledge and skills on the basis of paying attention to humanistic care,strengthen the training of psychological quality and psychological counseling.

Objective To observe the influence of Simvastatin on the ATP-sensitive K+Channels and L-type Ca2+ Channels in mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6.Methods MIN6 cells were divided into 0.05 ％ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group,normal control group and low-,middle-,high-concentration of Simvastatin treatment groups,that were cultured for 48 h with high-glucose DMEM containing 15％ fetal bovine serum plus 0.05％ dimethyl sulfoxide,0,2,5 and 10 μmol/Lsimvastatin,respectively.Whole-cell patch-clamp technology was used to record the currents of ATP-sensitive K+ channels and L-type Ca2+ channels in MIN6 cells.Results The mean potassium current density in normal external solution perfusion group was (92.81 ±4.10) pA/pF.Compared with normal external solution perfusion control group,2,5 and 10 μmol/L Simvastatin treatments markedly enhanced the current density of ATP-sensitive K+ Channels,reaching to (117.94 ± 3.67)pA/pF,(153.91±12.38) pA/pF,(307.01±6.40) pA/pF (all P＜0.01),respectively.The current density in L-type Ca2+ Channels was (-21.03 ± 0.55) pA/pF in glucose external solution group.Compared with glucose external solution group,the current density in 2,5 and 10 μmol/L Simvastatin treatment groups were decreased to (16.31±0.51) pA/pF,(-10.75±0.71) pA/pF,(-3.30±0.46) pA/pF (all P＜0.01),respectively.Conclusions Simvastatin inhibits insulin secretion and glycometabolism in mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6 via enhancing the current density of ATP-sensitive K+ Channels and inhibiting the current density of L-type Ca2+ Channels.

Objective To observe the effects of Liuwei Buqi capsules on CD4+CD25+forkhead box protein 3+(Foxp3+)regulatory T cells(Tregs),helper T cells(Ths)in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Eighty COPD patients admitted into the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to May 2013 were randomly divided into a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)experimental group(40 cases)and a western medicine control group(40 cases);there were 40 research volunteers enrolled as healthy controls. After admission,both the TCM experimental group and western medicine control group were given conventional western medicine comprehensive treatment. Additionally,in the TCM experimental group,Liuwei Buqi capsules were given orally once 3 pills(0.4 g/pill)and twice a day,while in the western medicine control group nifedipine was given,once 10 mg and 3 times a day,30 days constituting one therapeutic course for both groups. BODE evaluation means that the body mass index(B),the degree of airflow obstruction(O),the scores of dyspnea(D)and excercise capacity(E)of COPD patients were evaluated. A spirometer was used to observe the changes in the patient's pulmonary function to detect the dyspnea score. The γ-interferon(IFN-γ),interleukin (IL-4 and IL-17)in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of Treg of peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry. Results Compared with healthy control group,lung function parameters,IL-4,CD4+CD25+Treg and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg of peripheral blood were increased,while dyspnea score,BODE score,the expressions of IFN-γ,Th1/Th2,IL-17 in serum were decreased significantly in the COPD group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After treatment,compared with those before treatment in the two groups, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC),IL-4,CD4+CD25+Treg, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg were all increased,while dyspnea score,BODE score,IFN-γ,Th1/Th2,IL-17 were all decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the peak expiratory flow(PEF)was decreased in western medicine control group and increased in TCM experimental group. After treatment,the comparisons of ratio of FEV1/FVC〔(78.12±14.96)%vs.(67.52±10.39)%〕,BODE score(1.07±0.72 vs. 1.77±0.74),IL-17(μg/L:40.80±8.97 vs. 48.22±6.51) Th1/Th2(1.05±0.23 vs. 1.42±0.21)and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg〔(6.61±2.26)% vs.(5.25±2.03)%〕between the two groups were all of statistical significant difference(all P<0.05). Conclusion Liuwei Buqi capsules can improve COPD symptoms by up-regulating the expressions of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg,IL-4,and down-regulating the expressions of IFN-γ,IL-17 to correct the balance of Th1/Th2 in patients with COPD.

Objective:To investigate the status of mental health and work engagement of clinical nurses, to explore the correlation between them, and to provide scientific basis for improving the mental health and increase work engagement levels of nurses.Methods:From August to September 2018, 1 140 nurses in Taihe Hospital of Shiyan City of Hubei Province · Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine were selected as survey objects by convenient sampling method, and the mental health and work engagement of nurses were investigated by Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between mental health and work engagement, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of work engagement in clinical nurses.Results:The score of SCL-90 of clinical nurses was 123.01±38.14 and the score of UWES-9 was 3.53±1.40. Correlation analysis showed that the nurse with total scores of mental health and work engagement, vitality, dedication, and concentration were negative correlation( r values were -0.250--0.218, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, depression, and paranoia were the influencing factors of clinical nurses work engagement ( t values were 4.682, -3.211, -2.715, P<0.01). Conclusions:The mental health level of nurses is good, and their work engagement level is average. Mental health is closely related to work engagement. Nursing managers should take effective measures to improve the mental health and increase work engagement levels of nurses.

Objective To evaluate the value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with probe detection method in diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) pneumonia (MPP) in children and to analyze the factors influencing the diagnostic accuracy,and to identify the rate of MP mutation for drug resistance and the involving factors.Methods Two hundred and twenty-five children with MPP hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University between June 2015 and March 2016 were enrolled in this study.Nasopharyngeal swab samples from the participants within 24 hours of admission were detected by using PCR combined with fluorescence probes for MP-DNA and macrolide-resistant mutations.The information of age,sex,clinical symptoms,course of disease,duration by admission,the history of macrolide treatment and the increase or decrease of quadruple or more serum MP antibody titer were extracted from medical records within 4 weeks of treatment,which received further correlation analysis with the detection rate of MP-DNA and the drug resistance mutation.Results The sensitivity of the MPP by using the method of PCR combined with fluorescence probes was 80.4％ (181/225 cases),while the specificity was 98.0％ (99/101 cases).The MP-DNA positive rate for patients with double MP antibody 4 times increased during treatment was 88.8％ (71/80 cases),which was significantly higher than that of patients with antibody titer ≥1 ∶ 160 [75.9％ (110/145 cases)],and the difference was sigmficant(x =5.443,P =0.020).The positive rate of MP-DNA of patients had no obvious association with gender,age,and disease duration and macrolide treatment history before admission.Macrolide-resistant mutation rate of MP-DNA was 85.1％ (154/181 cases),macrolide-resistant mutation rate of MP for patients finishing one course of macrolide treatment when admission(89.6％)was higher than that of the patients without using macrolide and the patients treated with macrolide but not finishing one course of treatment (71.9％ and 86.6％),and the significant difference among the three groups was observed(x2 =4.454,P =0.035).Conclusions PCR combined with fluorescence probe for MP-DNA detection has a high accuracy for the diagnosis of MPP,and the overall mutation rate is high,suggesting that the clinical treatment of MPP needs to be adjusted according to drug resistance in children.