In 1970′s a prevailing hypothesis postulated herpes simplex virus in cervical cancer aetiology,but Hausen has made seminal observations that identify novel human papilloma viruses as key contributors to cervical cancer and hybridization technique of nucleic acid has proven it.After the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) by Sinossi and Montagnier,they held the evolutional history of HIV.The article objectively evaluates the role in the discovery of HIV,played by Gallo.