Acute Disease ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Over Studies ; Hand Injuries ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Prognosis

Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Quinuclidines ; therapeutic use

Objective To determine the function of toxic protein VapC in toxin/antitoxin system of Leptospira species and the cytotoxicity to host cells of the toxic protein.Methods Using genomic DNA of pathogenic L.interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai as the template,several PCRs were performed to amplify entire vapB,vapC and vapBC genes.Subsequently,the prokaryotic expression systems of vapB,vapC and vapBC genes were constructed.Expression of the target recombinant proteins rVapB and rVapC was detected by SDS-PAGE and the expressed rVapB and rVapC were extracted by NiNTA affinity chromatography.Activity of rVapB and rVapC to lyse the DNAs or RNAs from L.interrogans strain Lai and THP-1 cells were then determined.The changes of transcription and expression of vapB and vapC genes of L.interrogans strain Lai before and after infection of THP-1 cells were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot assay.The eukaryotic expression vectors of the vapB and vapC genes were generated for transfection of host cells and CCK-8 agent was used to detect the effect of leptospiral VapB and VapC proteins on activity of host cells.Results The nucleotide and putative amino acid sequences of the cloned vapB and vapC genes were completely identical with the reported corresponding genes.The constructed prokaryotic expression systems could express rVapB and rVapC,respectively.rVapC displayed RNase avtivity but did not lyse DNA.When L.interrogans strain Lai infected THP-1 cells,the transcription and expression of vapB and vapC genes were upregulated and partial VapC protein was secreted from the leptospiral cells.The mass mortality was observed in HEK293 human renal tubular epithelial ceils containing the vapC gene through transfection.Conclusion VapC protein of L.interrogans strain Lai is a RNase and is secreted during infection of host cells with obvious cytotoxicity.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of morphine by supersound atomizer for the management of postoperative pain in gynecology and obstetrics patients.Methods Eighty ASA class III patients scheduled for elective mixed gynecology and obstetrics surgeries were randomly and single-blindly located into 4 groups.Patients in each group received different analgesia therapy 30 rain before the end of the surgeries,as inhaling morphine 15 nag in group MI,inhaling morphine 20 nag in group M2,inhaling normal saline 10 ml in group N and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in group PCA.Open-label rescue analgesia of intramuscular injection pethidine 50 mg or intravenous PCA was also available as needed.Pain scores were measured at baseline,15 min,30 min,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,6 h,8 h and 24 h after the extubation using visual analng score ( VAS ),vital signs,adverse events,and the uses of rescue analgesia were also recorded.Results The VAS of group M2 were significantly lower than that of group N and group M1.The VAS at 15 min,1 h,6 h,8 h,24 h of group M2 were significantly lower than that of group PCA(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01 ).The VAS at 15 min,30 min,1 h,2 h,4 h,6 h of group M1 were significantly lower than that of group N (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ) postoperatively,which were significantly higher than that of group PCA except for 30 min.The morbidity of postoperative,nausea and vomiting in group M1 and group M2 were significantly higher than those in group N and group PCA.The rescue analgesia was more performed in group M 1 and group N than that in group M2 and group PCA.Conelusions Inhalation of morphine by supersound atomizer via intratracheal tube may produce safe and satisfying analgesic effect in postoperative pain model of gynecology and obstetrics patients.More studies are needed to determine what,if any,the optimum dose of morphine is for postoperative pain relieving and the possible mechanism.

Objective To observe the change of platelet activity marker in hypertensive patients complicated with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease ,and assess it s value in the happening of thrombotic disease. Method The platelet activity marker (CD62p,CD63) were measured by flow cytometry in 40 hypertensive patients complicated with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (group C ),46 hypertensive patients not complicated with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (group B),and 30 cases of healthy control (group A). Comparison between three groups were made. The serum fibrinogen were measured at the same time. Result serum level of CD62p, and CD63 in group B,C are higher than group A.(P

Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fructus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus.Methods:The volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fruc-tus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus were extracted by headspace solid phase-microextraction (HS-SPME) and quali-tatively analyzed by GC-MS.Results:Totally 20 kinds of constituents were identified from vinegar-processed schisandra sphenanthera fructus, which accounted for 99.55%of the total volatile components , and totally 21 kinds of constituents were identified from vinegar-processed schisandra sphenanthera fructus, which accounted for 99.90% of the total volatile components .Conclusion: The type and content of volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fructus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus are quite different , and the study can provide scientific basis for the two traditional Chinese medicinal materials .

To increase the biotransfomation efficiency from the orotic acid to the uridine 5'-monophosphate(UMP),URA5 gene encoding orotate phosphoribosytransferase was amplified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 by PCR,then it was inserted into the expression vector pYX212(contained orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase gene URA3)and the pYX212-URA5 was transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae BJX12 by electroporation.The recombinant strain was elementarily used to convert orotic acid to UMP.The results showed that pYX212-URA5/BJX12 could accumulate 7mmol/L UMP from 32mmol/L orotic acid in 26h,significantly higher than both control groups pYX212/BJX12(2.7mmol/L) and BJX12(2.4 mmol/L).

Objective To study the effect of balloon dilatation therapy on dysphagia caused by cricopharyn- geal achalasia.Methods Ten cases of dysphagia were diagnosed as cricopharyngeal achalasia by videofluoroscopic swallowing study(VFSS).A 14~* urethral catheter was inserted into the esophagus and an amount of water was injec- ted into the balloon of the urethral catheter to make it turgid.Then the catheter was pulled upwards and passed through the stricture of esophagus to dilatate the cricopbarygeus muscle.Meanwhile,low frequency electrical stimula- tion was used and combined with functional training of the organs related to deglutition and ingestion.The results be- fore and after the treatment were evaluated.Results After 19.7 times of dilatation therapy,the content of water in- jected into the balloon was increased from 2.65?0.91 ml to 8.20?0.92 ml.Cricopharyngeal achalasia was alle- viated significantly(P

Objective To compare the sub-cellular proteome of isoniazid ( INH)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with that of sensitive strains for identifying of unique proteins of these strains and discussing their preliminary application in clinical diagnosis. MethodsProteins of cell wall and membrane of 5 INH-resistant strains and 5 INH-sensitive strains were extracted by density gradient centrifugation.The extracts were subsequently analyzed using weak cation exchange (WCX) liquid chromatography ( LC )followed reverse phase (RP) liquid chromatography to compare the sub-cellular protein patterns. A total of 1280 fractions were collected and identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS/MS). The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used for cell component and biological process analysis. Normalized Spectral Abundance Factors (NASF) was used for semi-quantity of protein expression. 5 proteins significantly up-regulated in INH-resistant strains and 2 proteins significantly up-regulated in INH-sensitive strains were selected for ELISA analysis with autologous sera respectively. Results A total of 347 proteins were identified. Cell component analysis showed that 58％ proteins were cells well or membrane proteins. Biological process analysis showed that 31％ proteins involved in carboxylic/monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic and metabolic process, 26％ and 15％ proteins involved in organic acid or fatty acid biosynthetic and metabolic process,while 28％ proteins involved in lipid biosynthetic , metabolic, transport and localization process. O-succinylbenzoate synthase, monooxygenase, hypothetical protein Rv2255c, nicotinate-nucleotide--dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase and membrane phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase cdsA were up-regulated in INH-resistant strains and fractions contained these proteins could elicit specific antibody response with autologous sera. The A450 was higher than that with INH-sensitive sera. The differences between the INH-resistant sera and the INH-sensitive sera were significant ( t = 0.028, 0.044, 0.066, 0.064, 0.083, all P＜0.01 ). Chain A of Rv2002 Gene Product and Chain A of Crystal Structure Of Rv2632c were up-regulated in INH-sensitive strains and fractions contained these proteins could elicit specific antibody response with autologous sera. The A450 was higher than that with INH-resistant sera. The differences between the INH-sensitive sera and the INH-resistant sera were significant (t=0.053, 0.073, both P＜0.05). ConclusionThe combination of density gradient centrifugation and 2D-LC MS/MS technology is useful in enrichment and identification of differential expressed proteins between INH-resistant and INH-sensitive strains at sub-cellular level. It is useful in finding antigens associated with INH-resistant MTB infection, which may prove useful for further study in the mechanism of INH resistant, as well as interaction between MTB and host.

Objective To investigate the biological function of IFN-λ in 7 human esophageal carcinoma cells. MethodsThe gene expression of IL-28α, IL-10β and antiviral molecule was examined with PCR. The MHC molecules expression and the profiles of cell cycle were analyzed with flow cytometer. Cell proliferation was evaluated with MTT assay. ResultsAll of esophageal carcinoma cells express the gene of II-28α and IL-10β. IFN-λ induced or augmented the gene expression of antiviral molecules, 2′5′-OAS and MxA. IFN-λ enhanced the MHC class Ⅰ molecule expression. IFN-λ inhibited the growth of esophageal carcinoma cells through the regulation of cell cycle distribution. ConclusionEsophageal carcinoma cells express the IFN-λ receptor complex. IFN-λ has the antiviral, anti-proliferative and immunoregulation activity.