Aiming at the issue of motor imagery electroencephalography (EEG) pattern recognition in the research of brain-computer interface (BCI), a power feature method based on discrete wavelet packet decomposition is proposed for the channels C3 and C4. Firstly, a six-border Butterworth filter is used to denoise the two-channel EEG signals. Secondly, two-channel EEG signals are decomposed to five levels using Daubechies wavelet and the fourth level and the fifth level are chosen to reconstruct the signals and compute its power feature. Finally, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is utilized to classify the feature and the Kappa value is utilized to measure the accuracy of the classifier. This method is applied to the standard dataset BCICIV_2b-gdf of BCI Competition 2008, and experimental results show that this method reflect the feature of event-related synchronization and event-related desynchronization obviously and it is an effective way to classify the EEG patterns in the research of BCI.
Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To understand the morbidity of human brucellosis in Wulanchabu City of Inner Mongolia in order to provide a basis for development of prevention and control measures.Methods According to the requirements in Baseline Survey Programme of Human Brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regionbetween November and December in 2010,stratified cluster sampling method was used to selected three townships according to the conditions of brucellosis(mild,moderate and serious) in 11 flags(cities,counties,districts) of the city.Three villages were extracted from each township.There were at least 200 persons aged 10 and older were investigated in every township.At least 600 people were investigated in every flag(city,county,district).Respondents were investigated about their awareness rate of basic knowledge about brucellosis,risk factors and common sense of prevention and treatment of the disease by using health education questionnaire.Based on the principle of informed consent,we collected respondents venous blood for preliminary screening using Hu red tablets.Brucellosis was confirmed with standard tube agglutination test and positive result was confirmed if 1:100 antibody concentration was two + or more.Prevalence,false negative rate as well as different age,gender,occupational incidence was calculated based on the network reported results of brucellosis in 33 townships of Wulanchabu in 2010.Results We distributed 6998 questionnaires and 6763 questionnaires were effective.The witting rate of basic knowledge about brucellosis was 57.99％(15 687/27 052); the witting rate of risk factors about brucellosis was 44.33％ (29 978/67 630); the witting rate for prevention and control of brucellosis was 41.66％(28 176/67 630),and total witting rate was 45.49％(73 841/162 312).The morbidity of brucellosis in Wulanchabu City was 91.39/10 000 (785/85 894) in 2010.Five hundred and ninety-one were serologically positive and the infection rate was 8.48％ (591/69 972).Nine hundred and three cases of patients were diagnosed with brucellosis and the prevalence rate of brucellosis was 105.13/10 000 (903/85 894).Missing report 377 cases,and the false negative rate was 48.03％ (377/785) in 2010.Men infection rate was 71.07％(420/3755) and women infection rate was 28.93％(171/3217).The infection rate[97.63％(577/591)] of people aged 31 and older was significantly higher than that [2.37％(14/591)] of the people aged 30 and younger.Infection rate of people engaged in aquaculture was 8.61％ (582/669).The infection rate of people working in livestock processing industry was 2.91％ (2/103).The infection rate of people working in animal by-product circulation was 2.85％ (2/70).The Infection rate of people working in other industries was 4.59％(5/109).Conclusions In Wulanchabu City,the morbidity of brucellosis and missing report rate are both high.The infection rate of people engaged in aquaculture is high and man morbidity is high.The awareness rate about prevention and treatment knowledge of brucellosis is low.We should carry out health education to inhabitants in endemic areas to improve their self-protection awareness and reduce the incidence of brucellosis.

In April of 2008 water samples were collected from four different rivers,which were Wuchao gang River,Henggang River,Chaoyang River and Caoyanghuanbang River.During the sampling the physi-cal and chemical parameters were measured.The abundance and the diversity of the bacteria of these four rivers were studied.The results showed that the population level increased in the more severely polluted river while the bacterial diversity decreased;the bacterial community structure was also affected by the dif-ferent ecological conditions of each sampling spot.The bacterial composition and abundance was closely related to the water quality in the river.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Panniculitis ; physiopathology ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; pathology ; physiopathology

Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Duodenum ; blood supply ; surgery ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; complications ; Jejunum ; surgery ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Varicose Veins ; complications

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle ; physiology ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ; enzymology ; pathology

Objective To explore the effect of extracurricular activities based on specialist nursing clinic. Methods Thirty-four undergraduate nursing students of grade 2013 in the Capital Medical University were enrolled in the study. After learning of nursing theories for senile dementia, the extracurricular activities based onspecialist nursing clinicwere carried out. Before and after the second class activities, the caring ability inventory scale and self scale-rating for self-directed learning (SRSSDL) were used to assess 34 students. Result After the activities, students' caring ability and self-directed learning ability were statistically significantly improved (P<0.01). Conclusion The extracurricular activities based onspecialist nursing cliniccan stimulate the learning interest of nursing students and improve their self-directed learning ability and humanistic care ability.

Objective Preoperative autologous blood donation ( PABD) may reduce the need for allogeneic blood , but it may also cause a short massive blood loss in pregnant women , and its fetal and maternal safety has to be adequately assessed .This study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of PABD for pregnant women and their fetuses . Methods A prospective observational study was conducted among the women who met the inclusion criteria and gave birth in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January and December 2013 .According to the clinical validation of risk stratification criteria for peripartum hemorrhage of California 2013 , the ca-ses were classified into a low-, a medium-, and a high-risk group.Data on blood donation procedures , obstetric outcomes, and blood transfusions were collected after delivery for analysis . Results Totally, 92 pregnant women accomplished 115 blood donations .The median volumes of the donated blood were 300, 300, and 400 mL in the low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, respectively ( P>0.001).There were no significant changes in HR , SBP and SpO2 during the blood donation procedures (P>0.05) except for the fall of diastolic blood pressure by an average of 3.4 mmHg (P<0.05) at 5 minutes after blood collection, which was restored to normal later.Non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns were not found in any of the cases .The levels of HB and HCT were remarkably lower af-ter donation than before it (P<0.05) but restored to normal before delivery in the PABD cases who donated once only (P>0.05), which were similar to those in the cases who donated twice , with no significant differences before and after the donation (P>0.05). Homologous blood transfusion was performed for 5 cases (17.9%) in the high-risk group, with the volume of blood loss >2000 mL in all the cases.All the newborns survived without asphyxia and there was no perinatal death . Conclusion PABD can provide timely autologous whole blood donation for pregnant women .Under strict management , PABD is feasible and safe for pregnant patients who are at a high risk for massive blood loss during delivery or have a rare type of blood no readily available .

BACKGROUNDWomen with a history of preeclampsia have twice the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and there is a graded relationship between the severity of preeclampsia and the risk of cardiac disease. Moreover, metabolic scores are associated with developing preeclampsia. However, since there are no diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome during pregnancy and pregnant women undergo metabolic changes, it is difficult to elucidate the relationship between preeclampsia and metabolic syndrome. We carried out a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and preeclampsia among women with a history of severe preeclampsia shortly after an indexed pregnancy.

METHODSWe recruited 62 women with a history of severe preeclampsia 1 to 3 years after an indexed pregnancy. Blood pressure and body compositional indices were recorded. Fasting blood samples were tested for glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data including pre-pregnancy weight and family history of diseases associated with cardiovascular diseases. Criteria for metabolic syndrome were defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III 2001 (NCEP III) and International Diabetes Federation 2005 (IDF). Data were analyzed by the a2 test and multivariate Logistic regression.

RESULTSAccording to NCEP III and IDF standards, 17 (27%) and 24 (39%) women, respectively, were identified as having metabolic syndrome. Being overweight pre-pregnancy and currently overweight were risk factors, and currently overweight was an independent risk factor. A combination of blood pressure and waist circumference was predictive of metabolic syndrome with a sensitivity of 91.67% and specificity of 94.74%.

CONCLUSIONSAn unfavorable metabolic constitution in women may lead to metabolic syndrome, preeclampsia, and long-term cardiovascular disease. In women with severe preeclampsia, therapeutic interventions should include weight-control shortly after pregnancy, especially among women who were previously overweight.

Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Pre-Eclampsia ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features and factors involved in the drug resistance and prognosis of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma (OCCA).

METHODSForty-seven OCCA patients and 53 ovarian serous cyst adenocarcinoma (OSCA) patients were included in this study. Their clinical characteristics, drug resistance, and prognostic factors were analyzed.

RESULTSThe onset age of OCCA was (49.09 + 11.80) years old, and that of OSCA was (55.51 + 1.38) year old. There were 53.3% (24/45) of OCCA and 98.0% (50/51) of OSCA patients who had elevated CA125 levels. There were 46.8% (22/47) of OCCA patients and 7.5% (4/53) of OSCA patients who suffered from endometriosis (EMS). The percentage of early stage (stage I and stage II) OCCA was 80.9% (38/47), and that of OSCA was 11.3% (6/53). A statistically significant difference was observed on all these aspects (P < 0.05). The percentage of drug resistant OCCA was 26.1% (12/46), and that of OSCA was 24.0% (12/50), with a non-significant difference (P = 0.814).Among the patients with advanced stage disease, the percentage of drug resistance was 87.5% (7/8) for OCCA, while that of OSCA was 25.0% (11/44), showing a statistically significant difference (P = 0.003). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that OCCA (OR = 21.774, 95%CI: 2.438 to 194.431) and advanced stage (OR = 58.329, 95%CI: 5.750 to 591.703) were independent risk factors of drug resistance in ovarian epithelial cancers. For the advanced stage patients, the median overall survival time of OCCA and OSCA were 11 and 29 months, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000). Cox survival analysis showed that OCCA, advanced stage, suboptimal surgery, fewer than 6 cycles of chemotherapy and drug resistance were all risk factors of OS in ovarian cancer patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe age of onset in OCCA patients is younger than that of OSCA patients. The proportion of combination with endometriosis (EMS) is higher, and more early stage disease is observed in OCCA patients. The percentage of drug resistant in OCCA is higher, especially in advanced stage patients. The prognosis of advanced stage OCCA patients is poorer than that of OSCA patients in advanced stage.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; CA-125 Antigen ; metabolism ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Endometriosis ; complications ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Diseases ; complications ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Rate