Bacteria ; genetics ; growth & development ; Biofilms ; Genetic Heterogeneity

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical efficacy and key matters for the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture and integrity of lateral trochanteric wall by proximal frmoral nail antirotation (PFNA).

METHODSFrom June 2010 to December 2012,210 femoral intertrochanteric fracture patients treated with PFNA were retrospectively analyzed, including 76 males and 134 females aged from 46 to 96 years old with an average of 71 years old. All fracture were caused by injury and classified to type I (5 cases) type II (16 cases), type III (73 cases) and type IV (116 cases) according to Evans classification. The time of getting out of bed, postoperative complications and displacement of screw blade and fracture healing were observed, Baumgaertner criteria were used to evaluate quality of fracture reduction, Harris criteria were used to evaulate hip joint function.

RESULTSAll incisions were healed at stage I, no complications occurred except incomplete of lateral trochanteric wall patients without reconstruction, other patients could get out of bed with crutches at one week and all patients discharged from hospital at 10 days after operation. One hundred and seventy-eight patients were followed up from 3 to 17 months with an average of 10 months. One case occurred unhealed fracture displacement caused by screw blade cutting, 2 cases occurred screw blade transfomed to proximal and out femoral head, other patients obtained fracture healing at 12 to 16 weeks after operation. According to Baumgaertner criteria, 130 cases obtained good results, 45 cases acceptable, and 3 poor; while 107 cases obtained excellent results, 65 good, 3 good and 3 poor according to Harris score.

CONCLUSIONPFNA with mechanical advantage of intramedullary fixation has advantsges of stable fixation, shorter operation time, minimally invasive. Satisfied clinical effects could obtained by grasping fixation principle, dealing with negative factors in operation. Intraoperative reconstruction for integrity of lateral trochanteric wall could assure stable fixation and earlier get out of bed.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Astrocytoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chromosome Deletion ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ependymoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hedgehog Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rhabdoid Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; SMARCB1 Protein ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

Molecular technologies are sensitive, fast, and cheap in the study on microbial ecology. However, these methods do not provide information about morphology, number, and spatial distribution of the microorganisms. In contrast, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) combines the precision of molecular biology with the visual information from microscope, and permits visualization and identification of individual miciobial cells within their natural habitat. FISH not only allows the detection of slow growing microorganisms, but also of yet-to-be cultured. It is useful for many applications in diagnosis and assessment of the population structure of complex microbial communities, and is a powerful tool for molecular ecology studies in microbiology, In this paper, major techniques and progresses of FTSH were described. Its application in microbial ecology, as well as problems , pitfalls, and perspectives of FISH are discussed.

Flocculation of fermented broth with 1,3 -propanediol using component B of natural clarifier-Ⅱ was studied. Firstly, single factor tests and orthogonal tests were carried out. The results showed the main factors which influenced the flocculation and the optimal conditions were: pH6.0, flocculant B 0.01g/L , NaCl 0g/L, and the FR was 95.97% . The following results by filtration experiments, compared with the sample without pretreatment, indicated that the filtration speed of the flocculated sample was improved dramatically, and the weights of net and dry filter cakes were increased by 41.13% and 51.88% , respectively. Electrodialysis experiments showed that flocculation could accelerate desalting process, and could take the place of centrifugal pretreatment when it combined with the filtration.

Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane preconditioning on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)activity of leukocytes in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Twenty ASAⅡorⅢpatients of both sexes aged 20-60 yrs undergoing cardiac valve replacement under CPB were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=10 each):control group(C)and isoflurane preconditioning group(I).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.08-0.12 mg?kg~(-1),fentanyl 5-10?g?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1).The patients were mechanically ventilated(FiO_2=100%)after tracheal intubation.Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent i.v.boluses of fentanyl and midazolam in group C or with 2 MAC isoflurane and intermittent i.v.boluses of fentanyl and midazolam in group I before CPB.Systolic BP was kept between 90-120 mm Hg,diastolic BP between 50-80 mm Hg and HR between 60-90 bpm in both groups. Isoflurane was discontinued at the initiation of CPB.Arterial blood samples were taken after tracheal intubation and before inhalation of isoflurane(T_0)at 30 min(T_1),1 h(T_2)and 2 h(T_3)after aortic unclamping for determination of NF-kB activity of leukocytes using electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA).The amount of fentanyl,midazolam,dopamine and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)consumed during operation and the rate of recovery of spontaneous heart beat in both groups were recorded.Results The NF-kB activity was significantly increased after aortic unclamping in C group but there was no significant difference in NF-kB activity before CPB (T_0)and after aortic unclamping(T_(1-3))in I group.The NF-kB activity was significant lower at T_(1-3) in group I than in group C.The total amount of fentanyl consumed was 40-60?g?kg~(-1) in C group and 20-30?g?kg~(-1) in group I. Significantly less amount of dopamine was used in group I than in group C.There was no significant difference in SNP consumption between the 2 groups.The rate of recovery of spontaneous heart beat was significantly higher in group I than in group C(P＜0.01).The amount of dopamine consumed was positively correlated with the highest level of NF-kB activity in both group[r=0.962 in group C;r=0.908 in group I(P＜0.01)].Conclusion Isoflurane preconditioning can attenuate the NF-kB activity of leulocytes in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under CPB.

Objective To determine the clinical value of contrast enhanced MRI in differentiating benign and malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors (PNETs).Methods MRI findings on 13 cases who were pathologically diagnosed as PNETs were retrospectively analyzed , including the tumor volume , border , MRI signal and adjacent organ involvement of Grade 1~3 tumors, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI for diagnosing PNETs were calculated .Results A total of 18 tumors were detected , including 12 benign (Grade 1) and 6 malignant (Grade 2~3) tumors.Eight Grade 1 tumors′(66.7%) maximal diameters were≤2 cm, while 100%(6 /6) Grade 2 ~3 tumors′maximal diameters were ≥2 cm.All of Grade 1 tumors (100%) had clear boundary , while 50%(2/4) Grade 2 and 100%(2/2) Grade 3 tumors had unclear boundary.Ten Grade 1 tumors (83.3%) had intratumoral homogeneous signal , while 100%(6/6) Grade 2~3 tumors had heterogeneous intratumoral signal .Two Grade 3tumors ( 100%) had organ infiltration and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis .The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of MRI for differentiating benign and malignant PNETs were 833.%, 85.7%and 84.6%, respectively.Conclusi ons MRI had higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant PNETs , but it was still difficult to differentiate Grade 1 from Grade 2 tumors by MRI.Tumors size could not be considered to be a reliable indicator for differentiating benign and malignant PNETs .

Dust ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Silicon Dioxide ; analysis

Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Takayasu Arteritis ; drug therapy