BACKGROUND:Cervical expansive unilateral open-door laminoplasty has obtained definite curative effects in treatment of cervical spondylosis in the clinic.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the effects of cervical expansive unilateral open-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylosis from the evolution of surgeries, the advantages and disadvantages of each surgery and postoperative complications.
METHODS:Unilateral open-door, expansive laminoplasty, indications, and postoperative complications were key words. Computer was used to search VIP journal ful-text database and PubMed database, and 65 articles were used for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cervical expansive unilateral open-door laminoplasty for multi-segmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy, ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and spinal cord injury without radiographic spinal fracture and dislocation combined with spinal stenosis had obtained affirmative outcomes. Clinicians should careful y select operation mode and be conscious to prevent postoperative complications.

With the rapid development of high science and technology,new teaching methods related to computer and electronic message techniques,have been applied to the recent medical education.Classical pathological teaching model has been gradually replaced by the modern way.This paper reports our teaching reformed practice by using the new technology and form the current educational theory.

Employment ; Humans ; Japan ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To explore the effect of the prenatal dexamethasone treatment on the preventionof wet lung syndrome in the newborn of elective caesarean section at term. Methods Two hundred cases of elective caesarean section at term (the gestation age was less than 39 weeks) were divided into observation group and control group,with 100 cases in each by random digits table. Observation group was treated with four intramuscular injections of 6 mg dexamethasone in the 24 hours to 7 days before delivery, and control group was treated with 0.9% sodium chloride injection with the same method. The clinical data and the incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn were collected. Results The incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn was 1%(1/100) in observation group and 9%(9/100) in control group,and the incidence of the severity of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn was 1% ( 1/100) in observation group and 2%(2/100) in control group. There were no complication in observation group and 1 case in control group.The incidence and the severity of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn in observation group were less than that in control group significantly (P = 0.009,0.049). Conclusion Prenatal dexamethasone treatment can reduce the incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn and decrease the incidence of the severity and complication of elective caesarean section at term.

Objective To investigate the reason for hidden hemorrhage of hip fracture in elder.Methods All of 94 elder patients,who were diagnosed with intertrochanteric fracture or femoral neck fracture and received treatment in our department from October,2013 to September,2015,were included in this study.The time between injuries to admission was less than 4 hours of the two groups of patients.And the patients whose hemoglobin was less than 100 g/L were removed when admission,in order to avoid the interference of primary anemia.All information,including height,weight,and the value of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct),were collected.Blood tests were performed immediately after admission,at daily morning preoperatively,and at the morning of the day of surgery.Preoperative blood loss (hidden hemorrhage) was recorded.With respect to blood loss of hidden hemorrhage,statistical analysis was performed at different times (immediate time after admission,and day 1,2,and 3 postoperatively)in the group of intertrochanteric fracture or in the group of femoral neck fracture,and subsequently performed between the two groups.Results The blood loss in the group of intertrochanteric fracture was 196.3 ml,310.1 ml and 418.3 ml in the 1st day,the 2nd day and the third day after admission.There was a significant difference among different time with respect to blood loss.The blood loss was 39.8 ml,65.7 ml and 82.9 ml in the 1st day,the 2nd day and the third day after admission in the group of femoral neck fracture.There was also a significant difference among different time with respect to blood loss.In experimental group,mean blood loss was 418.3 ml and mean Hb decreased by 23.7 g/L at day 3 postoperatively.In control group,mean blood loss was 82.9 ml and mean Hb decreased by 6.7 g/L at day 3 postoperatively.A significant difference was observed between the two groups.The blood loss in patients with intertrochanteric fracture was higher than that in patients with femoral neck fracture.Conclusion The blood loss was gradually increased in elder patients with intertrochanteric fracture over time.There was a significant difference in different time with respect to blood loss.Moreover,a significant difference was found in blood loss of hidden hemorrhage between intertrochanteric fracture and femoral neck fracture.

Objective To design leaf patterns for Multileaf Collimator(MLC)routine quality assurance(OA)with a 2D diode array.Methods According to the detector distribution characteristic of the 2D diode array and basillg on the"picket fence"pattern,design the"stepwise"pattern.For each diode involving MLC QA,a calibration curve of relative output versus leaf positioning error was measured through delivering a set of patterns with different intentionally introduced positioning errors.When this proposed technique was delivered,the referenced patterns were exposed,and the calibration curves were used as a mean to quantitative determination of the leaf possible positioning errors through the detector readings.Results Compared with the"picket fence"pattern,the"stepwise"pattern not only had a high detecting efficiency,but also increased the dosimetric sensidvity to leaf positioning error.A 1 mm Ieaf positioni.error corresponds to a dose variation of 25% for the"stepwise"pattern,while for the"picket fence"pattern the same positioning error just causes a 17% dose vailation.Conclusions The new"stepwise"pattern is more efficient to be carried out,and more sensitive to sub-millimeter changes of leaf positioning.

Stroke patients often suffer from fatigue after exercise, which influences the limb function and the quality of life. Also, it may be related to the increase of mortality. Fatigue Severity Scale, Fatigue Assessment Scale and other scales are suitable for the subjective assessment. The critical flicker frequency and the reaction time are important physiological indexes. And blood lactic acid, creatine kinase, serum tryptophan and glucose are significant biochemical indexes. The effective treatment for the exercise-induced fatigue is still in the ex-ploratory stage, it mainly includes drug therapy, physical therapy, nutrition diet, and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine may have broad prospects. The lower limb negative pressure-atmospheric pressure recovery tank and the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation play a role in helping the patients to recovery. Also the cognitive and graded activity training needs more attention.

Purpose The incidence of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) shows a rising trend in recent years, and misdiagnosis or improper treatment of it can cause serious consequences. In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of MRI and ultrasonography of CSP to provide a basis for choice of clinical imaging techniques. Materials and Methods Fifty-eight patients with cesarean scar pregnancy were studied retrospectively, all the cases underwent preoperative color Doppler ultrasound (trans-vaginal or together with trans-abdominal), and 31 cases were examined with MRI, the accurate imaging features and diagnosis rate of each was analyzed.Results 48 patients (82.8%) were diagnosed accurately by color Doppler ultrasound, including 20 cases of out-growth type (95.2%, 20/21), 18 cases of inner-growth type (90.0%, 18/20) and 10 cases of mass type (58.8%, 10/17); 27 cases (87.1%) were diagnosed accurately by MRI, including 8 cases of out-growth type (100.0%, 8/8), 4 cases of inner-growth type (66.7%, 4/6), and 15 cases of mass type (88.5%, 15/17).Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy of sonography for CSP is close to that of MRI, thus can act as the first choice; MRI can be chosen for combine examination to improve the accurate diagnostic rate when the CSP case is mass type detected by ultrasonic findings which is difficult to be diagnosed.

Bronchial asthma is the chronic airway inflammatory disease that characterized by reversible airflow limitation .The presence of airway inflammation could lead to airway remodeling .In recent years , many studies have found that arginase plays an im-portant role in the airway inflammation and airway remodeling of asthma .It not only reduces airway release nitric oxide and increases airway hyperresponsiveness , but also its metabolites such as putrescine , proline, etc can induce cell proliferation and collagen synthe-sis, leading to airway remodeling .In this paper , the arginase and its role in the pathogenesis of asthma are discussed .

Objective: To build total cost allocation model based on Time Driven Activity-based Costing (TDABC) and explore how to use it to improve the hospital cost accounting system. Methods: Take an ultrasonic cardiogram department of public hospital as a cost object to estimate the cost of medical service, as well as the efficiency of service and operating benefit analysis by using TDABC method. Results: Parts of routine services of the ultrasonic cardiogram departments having policy loss in a public hospital, the department’ s capacity are not fully utilized in a certain period. Conclusion: TDABC not only plays positive role in raising the level of hospital cost management, but also provides useful references and scientific basis for the formulation and revision of medical service fee and carring out the DRGs payment.