One cases of vertically fractured molar was treated by following methods:the gap was exparded,the furcation lesion was drained;then a fixed prosthesis was inserted to restore the affected area.No symptom was observed in 2-year follow-up.

Objective To explore the improvement of teaching effects for clinical medical undergraduates by combining methods of lectures and simulations practice.Methods Totally 40 2007 grade five-year clinical medical undergraduates were randomly divided into five groups,eight undergraduates each group.During clinical practice of anesthesiology teaching in the fifth semester,mini-lecture combing theoretical lesson with simulations practice was conducted for 45 rain including preoperative preparation,spinal epidural anesthesia,general anesthesia,brachial plexus block and cervical plexus block.Results were evaluated by questionnaires.40 copies were handed out and the effective recovery rate was 100％.Results All students approved this kind of teaching activities; 97.5％ believed that it can arouse their interest in study; 95％ wrote down the lectures and operation process,all students listened carefully and operated meticulously.Conclusions Lectures combined with simulations practice promote students' operation capacity and thinking ability thus to raise the basic clinical skills of students.

Objectives: To improve the procedures for establishment of focal cerebral ischemic rat models with the intraluminal suture method and to elevate the survival rate of the models. Methods: Sixty male SD rats (weight, 250-270 g) were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n =20 in each group). Control group used the conventional surgical method, the pterygopalatine arteries were exposed and ligated during the procedure, and the rats had free access to food after the procedure; gavage group used the same method as the control group, but postoperative gavage was performed; protective group did not ligate the pterygopalatine arteries, but the carotid arteries and vagus nerves were carefully separated. Trying to avoid stretching the vagus nerves during the procedure and postoperative gavage was performed. The body weight of the rats in each group was weighed continuously before and after modeling, and the neurological deficit scores were measured; the survival rate of rats in each group was calculated at day 3, 14, and 28, respectively after modeling; the brain infarct volume in each group was calculated at day 28 after modeling. Results: Circled digit oneThe mean time of model production was 19.5 min in the protective group, and it was shorter than that in the control and gavage groups. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); Circled digit twoAt day 3 after modeling, the survival rate of the rats in the protective group was higher than that in the control and gavage groups. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); Circled digit threeAfter modeling, the body weight of the rats in the 3 groups were all decreased. The body weight of the rats in each group began to increase from day 7 after modeling. The body weight of the rats in the protective group was all higher than that in the control and gavage groups at day 7, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); Circled digit fourthere were no significant differences comparing the neurological deficit scores and cerebral infarction volume among the 3 groups. Conclusion: The improved procedures could shorten the time of model production, regain body weight quickly, improve the survival rate effectively after establishment of the cerebral ischemic rat models.

Schizophrenia is a common but complex mental disorder affected by multiple factors. Forensic psychiatric assessment of schizophrenia involves evaluations on many aspects, but there is no effective biological identification index for schizophrenia. Researches indicate that dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Our study reviews the classification, genetic structure of dopamine receptors and the recent pertinent studies between the dopamine receptors and schizophrenia and its forensic significance.
Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Psychotic Disorders ; Receptors, Dopamine/genetics* ; Schizophrenia/genetics* ; Schizophrenic Psychology

As a characteristic tumor therapy in China, Chinese medicine (CM) plays an important position in comprehensive treatment of tumor. It's a critical issue of objective realization, analysis and evaluation of CM safety for scientific decision-making in tumor safe medication and it also is a pivotal issue which affects the international communication. The safety evaluation of CM includes three phases: pre-clinical safety evaluation, clinical trials (micro-dose studies and traditional clinical trials) and post-marketing CM safety assessment. The key point of evaluation should be distinguished among different stages and various types of CM (such as classic formulas, Chinese herbal extracts, etc). Emphasis should be given to chronic toxicity when evaluating oral Chinese herbal , microdose studies and quality control must be underlined while injection is evaluated and more attention should be pay to the dose-effect relationship and time-effect relationship when turned to toxic Chinese medicine , and so as for the toxicity grading study. Moreover, we should constantly improve CM safety assessment method in various stages of tumor treatment, such as introducing the concept of syndrome classification theory, bringing in metabonomics and real-world research method which are similar to the CM therapeutic concept. Most importantly, we must keep its own feature of CM theory when we learn the concept of safety evaluation from abroad. Actively exploring the anti-tumor medicine safety evaluation methods and strategies is of great significance for clinical and experimental research, and it can provide supportability platform to CM's international communication.
Animals ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; methods ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Safety

Objective To investigate the value of preoperative total abdominal spiral CT scan in evaluating the staging of ovarian cancer.Methods Clinical data of 42 patients with ovarian cancer undergoing total abdominal spiral CT were collected.The CT images were retrospectively analyzed,and the CT staging and surgical pathologic staging were compared.Results Multi-slice spiral CT on ovarian cancer invasion and metastasis has high accuracy of diagnosis.The diagnostic accuracy of this group for direct tumor invasion,peritoneal metastasis,lymph node metastasis and ascites was 66％-100％.The correct preoperative staging were 34 cases:6 cases in stage I,6 cases in stage Ⅱ,17 cases in stage Ⅲ,5 cases in stage Ⅳ,and the staging accuracy of 80.9％.Conclusion Total abdominal multi-slice spiral CT examination is of great value in preoperative staging of ovarian cancer.

Objective: To explore levels of salivary IgA, lysozyme, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and total proteins in unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of caries-free children. Methods: 94 caries-free children, aged from 42 to 54 months, were recruited from urban kindergartens in Beijing. 2 ml UWS and 2 ml SWS were collected from each child to measure salivary IgA, lysozyme, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and total proteins. Results:1) There were no differences in salivary proteins between boys and girls in both UWS and SWS, except total proteins. In UWS, the concentration of total proteins in girls was lower than that in boys (P0.05). 2) The concentration of IgA in SWS was significantly lower than that in UWS (P0.05). Conclusion:In 3-to 4-year old children, the protein composition in stimulated whole saliva is different from that in unstimulated whole saliva, and it is also different between genders. Therefore, it is more reliable to measure salivary proteins in both UWS and SWS when studying saliva of children.

Objective To research the performance of micro infiltration type lung adenocarcinoma (MIA) in the low -dose CT (LDCT).Methods The clinical data of 34 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who found by LDCT screening and diagnosed as micro infiltration were retrospectively analyzed, LDCT performance of lesions was observed.Results In 34 patients,32 cases of single grinding glass tubers,2 cases of multiple ground glass nodules (2 and above),a total of 36 nodules.With pure glass grinding nodule in 11 (30.5%),mixed grinding glass nodules 25 (69.5%).Lesions was 0.7 -2.4cm in diameter,the diameter was about 1.0 -2.0cm,a total of 27(75.0%),an average of (1.7 ±0.3) cm.5(13.8%) of left upper lobe,left lung lobe 9(25.0%),6(16.6%) of the upper lobe, right lung middle in 8(22.2%),characterized by lower lobe in 8(22.2%).Radiographic signs included air -20 cases (55.6%),fine bronchiectasis sign clear edge in 22(61.1%),Ye Zheng a total of 29(80.6%),including deep lobe 9(25.0%),shallow lobes 20(55.6%),burr 17(47.2%),pleural indentation 20(55.6%).Bronchus truncation 6(16.7%),vascular cluster 9(25.0%).Conclusion Found in LDCT screening between 1.0 -2.0cm in diameter of grinding glass nodules,especially the grinding glass nodules,quantitative classification is higher at the same time, lesion boundaries clear,or points Ye Zheng,burr,air -with fine bronchiectasis and pleural indentation,micro infiltra-tion is characteristic and highly suggestive of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of gluten-related disorders (GRD).Methods Anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA),anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibody,deamidated gliadin peptides(DGP) antibody and serum specific IgG antibodies of 14 kinds of intolerable food were tested in people who developed chronic diarrhea after the intake of gluten diet.HLA-DQ2,HLA-DQ8 and intestinal endoscopic multiple biopsies would be performed further in patients with positive coeliac disease (CD)-specific serology.Gluten free diet was given to patients with positive CD-specific serology.One patient received prednisone (30 mg/d and diminished 5 rmg/w).Results Nine patients were confirmed with celiac disease(CD) and four cases were suspected non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) in 13 patients with positive serologic tests.Twelve cases received effective therapy.In CD group,6 cases were accompanied with comorbidities mainly autoimmune diseases and osteoporosis.The positive rates of AGA and tTG antibody were 9/9 and 2/9 respectively in the CD group,while tTG antibody in the NCGS group were both negative.Endoscopic intestinal biopsy was performed in all 13 cases.Plasma cell proliferation and lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propria without villus atrophy were identified in 4 cases,representing chronic inflammation of the small intestine.Villus atrophy was detected in 9 cases.Two patients with NCGS ingested gluten after 4 and 6 months of gluten-free diet respectively,and the number of bowel movements increased 1-2 times per day.Conclusions The diagnosis of CD is mainly based on serologic tests and characteristic of histological features.CD may be companied by other autoimmune diseases or metabolic disease of bone.Lifelong adherence to a gluten free diet is the most basic and effective therapy.