Neutrophil respiratory burst is like a double-edged sword.On one hand, newborns rely mainly on neutrophil against infection.On the other hand, newborns are succeptible to be damaged by reactive oxygen species.Studies have already suggested that reactive oxygen species have relationship with neonatal diseases, such as sepsis,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,but it still remains controversial.This paper provides an overview of the measurement of neutrophil respiratory burst, and the relationship of neutrophil respiratory burst with neonatal sepsis,as well as with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective To investigate the application value of transparent cap assisted colonoscopy one-man operation in a routine examination.Methods 400 outpatient or inpatient patients required colonoscopy were randomly divided into a transparent and non-transparent cap set group,groups were single-person operation method colonoscopy examination,enrolled 200 patients in each group,two cases of abdominal surgery colonoscopy inserted mirror average time detection of polyps,the number of cases of abdominal auxiliary pressing needs and changing position,as well as analysis.Results A transparent and non-transparent cap set cap group,the average time was inserted mirror 263.0s and 345.0s,polyps were detected in 53 and 50,the number of patients required abdominal compressions and assisted changing position were 30 cases and 67 patients with abdominal surgery cases mirror the average time was inserted 202.3s and 434.6s.Conclusion The transparent cap assisted colonoscopy single operation is a practical,safe,effective and efficient way to check the mirror insert.

Cytochrome P450 reductase(CPR) is a kind of membrane protein which transfer electrons to cytochrome P450s in the system of drug metabolism.The structure,substrate-fuction and gene modulating of CPR is concluded,and the questions of functional mechanism of CPR are discussed in this article.

Objective:To investigate the adverse drug reactions ( ADR) caused by carbapenem antibiotics and discuss the influen-cing factors to provide reference for the rational use of carbapenems in clinics. Methods:The ADR caused by carbapenems from March 1, 2008 to August 1, 2014 in our hospital were statistically analyzed. Results:Totally 73 cases of ADR were caused by carbapenems. The number of ADR for men and women was similar. The ADR occurred in 80-year-old people with more frequency. The incidence of ADR on the first day of administration was relative high. The ADR were mainly manifested as skin and appendages disorders and nerve system damage. Conclusion: Great attention should be paid to the ADR of carbapenems and the state of patients. The medication should be adjusted in the patients with declined renal function and nerve system basic diseases in order to reduce the damage of ADR.

Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and oral iron dextran in renal anemia patients. Methods Sixty renal anemia patients were randomized into two groups:intravenous iron group(IV group, 100 mg iron sucrose twice a week) and oral iron group(oral group, 150 mg iron dextran every day). The changes in hemoglobin (Hb),hematocrit (Hct),serum ferritin (SF),and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were assessed on week 4,8, and 12 after treatment. The maintenance dosages of erythropoietin (EPO) after reaching treatment target and the adverse events were also observed. Results Hb increased after treatment in IV group [(79.87 ± 13.19) g/L to (106.11 ± 12.38) g/L] and oral group [(85.41 ± 11.49) g/L to (94.68 ± 10.06) g/L],and compared with that before treatment, there was significant difference in each group(P< 0.01 ). Also significant difference showed in Hb levels after treatment between two groups(P< 0.01 ). SF and TSAT levels were higher after treatment in IV group than those in oral group (P < 0.01 ). The adverse event was lower in IV group (0) than that in oral group (16.7%,5/30).Conclusions Oral iron dextran which has more adverse events and poor efficacy in curing anemia, can not correct anemia ideally. Meanwhile intravenous iron sucrose has positive effects on renal anemia with low adverse events, and it can be used as a long term iron supplementation in hemodialysis patients.

Rehabilitation treatment after cerebral infarction establishes on the basis of plastic changes in the central nervous system,which can compensate the functions lost in the affected brain regions.Neurorehabilitation training realizes neurological function recovery partly by enhancing cortical reorganization.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive approach that can effectively improve the cortical excitability,This article reviews the application of rTMS in the clinical studies of motor function recovery in patients with hemiplegia after cerebral infarction.

Effects of vitamin A on antimetastatic activity of alveolar M 0 were studied. The results were as follows:1 . SD rats recieved vitamin A were killed and their alveolar M0 were harvested by lavage and cocultured with prelabelled B16 Melanoma cells for 48h in proportion of 20 : 1 , the average precentage of cytotoxity were 34.28%;2 . Zymosan-C3b rosette formation in SD rats treated with vitamin A was significantly increased. The average rosette forming rate was 43.00%. It was markdly higher than those of controls ( P

BACKGROUND: Fluorine used for light-cured fluorine-containing resin can reduce and prevent dental caries, as well as play a long-term effect against tooth decay. However, there are rare reports on the composite preparation and performance.OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation and performance of the light-cured fluorine-containing resin. METHODS: Triethylamine as a catalyst, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, glycidyl methacrylate, trifluoroacetic anhydride and inorganic fillers (modified silicon dioxide, hydroxyapatite or titanium dioxide at mass fraction of 5％, 10％, 15％, 20％)were mixed to prepare the light-cured fluorine-containing resin. Then, the tensile strength, bending modulus,polymerization conversion and water of the composites were tested, and the morphology of the resin was observed under transmission electron microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the same mass fraction, the tensile strength was highest in the titanium dioxide group, higher in the hydroxyapatite group, and lowest in the silicon dioxide group (P < 0.05). At the same mass fraction, there was no difference in the bending modulus between the titanium dioxide group and the hydroxyapatite group (P > 0.05), while the bending modulus in the silica group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05).At the same mass fraction, the polymerization conversion of the composite resin was higher in the titanium dioxide group than the hydroxyapatite and silicon dioxide groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the latter two groups (P > 0.05). With the increasing of mass fraction, the water absorption of the composite resin kept an increasing trend.Under the transmission electron microscope, the fracture surface of the silicon dioxide group was relatively flat, and the resin body exhibited good biocompatibility with the filler; in the hydroxyapatite group, the fracture surface was rough with obvious ups and downs, and the biocompatibility between the resin body and the filler was relatively poor; in the titanium dioxide group, the fracture surface was layered and the filler settled in the resin body, and moreover, titanium dioxide particles were deposited on the bottom of the resin, resulting in larger voids and filler particles as well as poor biocompatibility. To conclude, the light-cured fluorine-containing resin has good mechanical properties, curable properties and absorption rate.

BACKGROUND: In the investigation of promoting fracture healing, exogenous growth factor is very instable, expensive and inaptitude to extend generally, so how to promote the expression of endogenous growth factor effectively is worthy of further studies. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Shenggu injection(SGI) on the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in fracture healing. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Orthopaedic laborary, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between July 2007 and August 2008. MATERIALS: Sixty clean male SD rats aged 3 months were enrolled. The components of 1 g/L SGI were angelica sinensis, ground beetle, barrenwort, etc., provided by Hubei TCM hospital. METHODS: After the tibial bone fracture model was established, the SD rats were divided into two groups with 30 rats in each group, experimental group and control group. The experimental group was injected with SGI at the bone stumps, the other group was injected with the same volume of saline. This was carried once every 2 days with 0.2 mL once. Five SD rats of each group were executed to get bony callus at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th weeks after operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The methods of immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein expression level and differences of bFGF and VEGF in the callus tissue during different periods of fracture healing. RESULTS: The immunohistochemistry findings showed that the expression levels of bFGF and VEGF in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group in each period. CONCLUSION: SGI can improve the expression levels of bFGF and VEGF in callus tissue during fracture healing, which is maybe one of the mechanisms of SGI to promote the healing of fracture.

To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 305 cases with apoplectic sequela admitted at our general geriatric nursing ward from January 2000 to December 2011.The subjects were divided into 2 groups:hypoalbuminemia and non-hypoalbuminemia.Advanced age (OR =5.624),chronic heart failure (OR =2.298),conscious disturbance (OR =1.575),dysphagia (OR =1.565),complete bedridden (OR=2.874),pneumonia (OR =3.725) and bedsore (OR =5.336) were risk factors for hypoalbuminemia in the patients with apoplectic sequela.And hyperglycemia(OR =0.066)was a protective factor for it.