1.~1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (~1H MRS) in the initially differentiating recurrent brain gliomas after radiation therapy from delayed cerebral necrosis
Haibo DONG ; Jiazhong DAI ; Peiwu CAI
Chinese Journal of Radiology 1994;0(06):-
Objective To evaluate 1*"H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in the differentiating recurrent brain gliomas after radiation therapy from delayed cerebral necrosis. Methods Fifteen patients who had clinical and CT, MRI changes that suggested a diagnosis of delayed cerebral necrosis or recurrent brain tumor after radiation therapy and 5 patients who had a definite clinical diagnosis of delayed cerebral necrosis underwent single voxel MR spectroscopy simultaneously both in the lesion′s region and the contralateral side. Results Of the former 15 cases who proved by surgicopathology, 14 cases were gliomas,1case was delayed cerebral necrosis, and their etiologic diagnoses of 1*"H MRS were correct. (1)1H MRS in 14 cases with gliomas exhibited specific spectral peaks including prominent choline-containing compounds (Cho), decreased or absent acetylaspartate(NAA) and total creatine (Cr),and the metabolic ratios showed significantly increased Cho/Cr, decreased NAA/Cr. Twelve cases showed abnormal lactate (Lac). (2)Among 6 cases with delayed cerebral necrosis, 5 cases exhibited decreased or absent Cho, NAA, Cr, and abnormal Lipid, 1 case showed absent Cho, NAA, and Cr with a flat curve without Lac. Conclusion 1H MRS was positively claimed for differentiating recurrent brain gliomas after radiation therapy from delayed cerebral necrosis.
2.Effects of calcitriol on femoral biomechanics index of diabetic rats
Guangsen LI ; Jing DAI ; Ji LI ; Li CAI ; Mengting KE ; Jiazhong SUN
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2016;(2):139-142
[Summary] 45 male SD rats with 4 week old were assigned to 3 groups after normal feedstuff for 2 weeks:control group(n=15), diabetic group(n=15), and calcitriol group(n=15).Diabetic rat model were induced using intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin( STZ) after 12 h fasting.Calcitriol group and diabetic group were treated with calcitriol for 24 weeks.Femoral biomechanics indexes were measured at end of the study.Total 30 SD rats ( 10 rats of each groups) were analyzed.Compared to normal controls, the rats in diabetic group had lower body weight [(437.02±18.66vs267.93±15.64)g,P<0.05],decreasedserumcalciumconcentration[(2.89±0.31vs2.60 ±0.38) mmol/L, P<0.05], and increased serum phosphorus concentration[(2.21 ±0.35 vs 2.80 ±0.66) mmol/L, P<0.05].At the end of the study, the ultimate force[(98.07 ±2.94 vs 70.87 ±5.75) N, P<0.05], ultimate displacement[(0.66 ±0.02 vs 0.51 ±0.02) mm, P<0.05], Young′s modulus[(139 188.51 ±10 617.69 vs 81 969.06 ±6 393.21) N/mm2, P<0.05], and modulus for toughness[(22 492.59 ±2 429.15 vs 8 292.87 ± 1 291.43) N/mm2 , P<0.05 ] of diabetic group were significantly lower than normal control group.However, calcitrol could reverse these changes at some extent.SD rats with diabetes had significant disorder of bone metabolism and decreased bone strength.Calcitriol could improve the decreased bone strength in diabetic rats.
3.Effect of Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates on migration and membrane potential of IEC-6 cells
Ruliu LI ; Yuzhu TAO ; Peng WEN ; Xiaohua TU ; Jiazhong CAI ; Weiwen CHEN
Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2015;(6):917-923
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates on migration and membrane potential of small intestinal epithelial cells(IEC-6),and to explore the promoting effects of Yiqi jianpi herb Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza on gastrointestinal mucosal injury repair and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Under normal conditions or loaded with the inhibitor of potassium channel 4-aminopyridine(4-AP),IEC-6 cells were treated with Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates (25-200 mg · L-1) for 24 h,respectively. IEC-6 cell migration was observed by the phase contrast microscope and cell membrane potential was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates (50 and 100 mg · L-1) increased the number of migrated IEC-6 cell compared with normal control group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with normal control group,4-AP reduced the number of migrated IEC-6 cell(P<0.01). Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates (50-200 mg · L-1)reversed cell migration inhibited by 4-AP significantly when compared with 4-AP model group(P<0.01). The results of flow cyometry analysis showed that the cell membrane poten?tial was increased after treatment with Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates(50 mg · L-1)compared with normal control group and resulted in an increase in cell membrane hyperpolarization(P<0.01). Compared with normal control group,4-AP decreased the cell membrane potential(P<0.01)and resulted in cell membrane depolarization. Also,compared with 4-AP model group,cell membrane depolarization induced by 4-AP was reversed by treatment with Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates(100 and 200 mg·L-1). CONCLUSION Codonopsis and Glycyrrhiza glycoconjugates may promote gastrointestinal mucosal injury repair and the mechanisms may involve the activation of signaling pathways by affecting polyamine-dependent intestinal epithelial cell migration voltage-gated K+channels.
4.Stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma.
Yafei DONG ; Li PAN ; Binjiang WANG ; Enmin WANG ; Nan ZHANG ; Peiwu CAI ; Jiazhong DAI
Chinese Medical Journal 2003;116(8):1166-1170
OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic alternatives and evaluate the related clinical results of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS).
METHODSFrom January 1995 to December 2001, 44 patients suffering from PCNSL, who had undergone stereotactic biopsy or craniotomy, and who had received a confirmed diagnosis through pathological examination, were treated with GKS. All cases were followed up for 1 - 46 months with an average postoperative period of 27 months. The clinical materials, image features, treatment methods and results of follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTSThe symptoms and signs of the patients were markedly improved within 1 - 3 weeks after GKS. The Kanofsky performance status was also improved from a preoperative average of 40% to a postoperative one of 90%. Thirty-eight patients (86.36%) were in complete remission (CR), the other six (13.63%) were in partial remission (PR). The local control rate reached 100%, and the median survival time was 26.5 months. The main side effect was brain edema, which can be treated with dexamethasone and mannitol.
CONCLUSIONGKS is a safe and effective method in multimodality treatment of PCNSL. A stereotactic biopsy coupled with GKS is the first choice for diagnosis and treatment. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy should then be given according to the patient's condition.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
5.Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies synthetic lethality between DOCK1 inhibition and metformin in liver cancer.
Junru FENG ; Hui LU ; Wenhao MA ; Wenjing TIAN ; Zhuan LU ; Hongying YANG ; Yongping CAI ; Pengfei CAI ; Yuchen SUN ; Zilong ZHOU ; Jiaqian FENG ; Jiazhong DENG ; Ying SHU ; Kun QU ; Weidong JIA ; Ping GAO ; Huafeng ZHANG
Protein & Cell 2022;13(11):825-841
Metformin is currently a strong candidate anti-tumor agent in multiple cancers. However, its anti-tumor effectiveness varies among different cancers or subpopulations, potentially due to tumor heterogeneity. It thus remains unclear which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient subpopulation(s) can benefit from metformin treatment. Here, through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout screen, we find that DOCK1 levels determine the anti-tumor effects of metformin and that DOCK1 is a synthetic lethal target of metformin in HCC. Mechanistically, metformin promotes DOCK1 phosphorylation, which activates RAC1 to facilitate cell survival, leading to metformin resistance. The DOCK1-selective inhibitor, TBOPP, potentiates anti-tumor activity by metformin in vitro in liver cancer cell lines and patient-derived HCC organoids, and in vivo in xenografted liver cancer cells and immunocompetent mouse liver cancer models. Notably, metformin improves overall survival of HCC patients with low DOCK1 levels but not among patients with high DOCK1 expression. This study shows that metformin effectiveness depends on DOCK1 levels and that combining metformin with DOCK1 inhibition may provide a promising personalized therapeutic strategy for metformin-resistant HCC patients.
Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use*
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism*
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
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Genome
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Humans
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Liver Neoplasms/metabolism*
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Metformin/therapeutic use*
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Mice
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Phosphorylation
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Synthetic Lethal Mutations
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Transcription Factors/metabolism*
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rac GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism*