Objective Through the study of medical services cost accounting , we want to find the laws and provide a theoretical basis for government departments to develop standards of medical service prices and control health care costs . Methods On the basis of department cost accounting, we use financial accounting software, to provide medical service items for collection and sharing in accordance with the project income ratio , workload standards.Results Dialysis the three costs dominate factors, the proportion of disposable materials (60.03%)is the key factor affecting the cost.Conclusion Hygiene material spending accounted for a larger proportion of total expenditure , in order to effectively control the medical expense in dialysis patients, efforts should be made to reduce the cost of hemodialysis consumables.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal transduction pathway and CX3CR1 in the spinal dorsal horns in a rat model of bone cancer pain (BCP).Methods Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 150-180 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =10 each):sham operation group (group Ⅰ),BCP group (group Ⅱ),sham operation + U0126 group (group Ⅲ),BCP+ 5％ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group Ⅳ),BCP + U0126 (MEK inhibitor) group (group Ⅴ).BCP was induced by inoculating Walker 256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the medullary cavity of the left tibia.In Ⅲ and Ⅴ groups,U0126 10 μg/10 μl was injected intrathecally once a day starting from day 10 after inoculation to day 12 after inoculation,while the equal volume of 5％ DMSO was injected in group Ⅳ.Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured at 1 day before inoculation (baseline),3,6,9,and 10 days after inoculation,and after administration on 11 and 12 days after inoculation.The rats were sacrificed after administration on day 12 after inoculation and the L4.6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of CX3CR1 expression in spinal dorsal horns (by Western blot and immunohistochemistry).Results Compared with Ⅰ and Ⅲ groups,MWT was significantly decreased at 6-12 days after inoculation,and the expression of CX3CR1 in spinal dorsal horns was up-regulated in Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ groups (P ＜0.01).Compared with Ⅱ and Ⅳ groups,MWT was significantly increased at 10-12 days after inoculation,and the expression of CX3CR1 in spinal dorsal horns was down-regulated (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion MEK/ERK signal transduction pathway in the spinal dorsal horns is involved in the development and maintenance of BCP in rats possibly through regulating the expression of CX3CR1.

Thyroid function ultimately depends on appropriate iodine supply to the gland. Thyroid hormone deiodination is an intrinsic component of the thyroid hormone homeostasis. Type Ⅰ iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) plays an important role in thyroid hormone metabolism and has close relationship with thyroid function. Based on successfully establishing animal models of iodine deficiency and iodine excess in Babl/c mice (Babl/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: low iodine (LI), normal iodine (NI), five-fold iodine (5HI) , ten-fold iodine (10HI) and fifty-fold iodine (50HI) group. Three months and six months after admistration, they were sacrificed and thyroids were excised), the expression level of D1 mRNA were examined by using real time quantitative PCR method. D1 activity was analyzed by 125I-rT3 as substrate combined with ion-exchange chromatography. The thyroid hormone was measured with radioimmunoassay method. The data revealed that in the case of iodine deficiency, both D1 mRNA expression and D1 activity was greatly increased(compared with NI groups, P

Objective To observe the survival of EAE rats after recombinant adenovirus NgR specific RNA interference(Ad-shRNA-NgR) transfected the brain tissue of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),and provide the basis for EAE intervention.Methods EAE rats were randomly divided into high,medium,low and control groups(20 rats in each group).The lateral ventricle of EAE rats were injected with a titer of 1×1011 pfu/mL,1×1010 pfu/mL and 1×109 pfu/mL Ad-shRNA-NgR.The survival of EAE rats at third and seventh days after injection was observed.Results The survival rate of EAE rats of the high titer group was significantly lower than those of the middle titer group and low titer group at third and seventh days after Ad-shRNA-NgR transfected into EAE brain tissue.There was no significant difference in survival rate in middle titer group,low titer group and control group.Conclusion The titer of Ad-shRNA-NgR is safe in the experiment of EAE rats from 1×1010 pfu/mL to the range of 1×109 pfu/mL.

Objective To determine the expressions of miR-200a, miR-141, miR-205 and miR-34a in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) samples and to explore their clinical significance. Methods According to FIGO staging, 44 EOC pa?tients were divided into two groups:early FIGO stage (stageⅠ-Ⅱ, n=15) and late FIGO stage (stageⅢ-Ⅳ, n=29). Expres?sions of 4 miRNAs were detected by real time quantitative PCR, and were compared between two groups. The correlation of 4 miRNAs was calculated. EOC patients were divided into high miRNA expression group and low expression group according to the median value of miRNAs expression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox multivariate analysis were used to com?pare the age, FIGO state, tumor residual after operation and post-operative chemotherapy of ovarian cancer between two groups. Results The expression of miR-141 was elevated in stagesⅢandⅣcompared with that of stagesⅠand Ⅱ(P=0.036). There was a positive correlation between expression of miR-141, miR-200a and miR-205, but a negative correlation with miR-34a (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between miR-200a and miR-205 (P<0.05). Lower miR-200a ex?pression was associated with shorter progress free survival in ovarian cancer analyzed by log-rank test ( P=0.035). The sur?vival rate was significantly higher in FIGO stages ⅠandⅡthan that of FIGO stagesⅢandⅣ(P<0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-200a, FIGO stage and age were influential factors of overall survival time and progress-free sur?vival time of ovarian cancer, while miR-141, miR-205, miR-34a and tumor residual after operation and post-operative che?motherapy were not influential factors. Conclusion The expression of miR-200a is closely correlated with the progress and prognosis of ovarian cancer and may be used as an independent indicator for ovarian cancer prognosis.

ObjectiveToinvestigatetheeffectandmechanismofaChinesetraditionalprescription,YuebiBanxia decoction, on allergic asthma in mice by observing the changes of serum immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) and lung tissue superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity in the mouse model of allergic asthma .Methods Forty healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group , asthma model group , dexamethasone intervention group and Chinese medicine preparation group .The mouse model of asthma was generated by peritoneal injection of ovalbumin ( OVA) and suspension of aluminium hydroxide .The mice of traditional Chinese medicine group received Yuebi Banxia decoction in a dose of 1 mL/100 g, daily for 30 days.The mice of dexamethasone group were given intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone 1 mg/kg.The normal control group and asthma model group were given gastric gavage of physiological saline.After 30 days administration, the serum levels of IgE and SOD activity of lung tissue were determined , and the pathological changes of lung tissue were observed using HE staining .Results The mice of traditional Chinese medicine preparation group showed significantly decreased serum IgE level , and significantly increased SOD activity than those of the asthma model group mice (P<0.05 for both).Conclusions Reduced serum IgE and increased SOD activity in the lung tissue of mice with allergic asthma , improving the antioxidant ability of lung tissue , may be involved in the anti-allergic asthma mechanism of the Chinese traditional prescription Yuebi Banxia decoction .

Objective: To further investigate the effects of iodine intake on thyroid function and its possible mechanism. Method: Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: LI, NI, 5HI, 10HI, 50HI, 100HI. Different groups of rats were fed with feed and water of different iodine content. 3, 6 and 12 months after administration, they were sacrificed and thyroids were excised. The thyroid D1 mRNA expression level was determined by RT-PCR semi-quantitative method and the thyroid D1 activity was analyzed by using 125I-rT3 as substrate. Results: Compared with NI group, the thyroid D1 mRNA expression was decreased in all HI groups, and D1 activity was significantly higher in LI group and lower in HI groups. There was a tendency of decrease in D1 activity with increased doses of iodine intakes. Conclusion: In the case of iodine deficiency, thyroid D1 activity will increase greatly in order to convert more T4 to T3, but deficient iodine intake doesn’t improve thyroid D1 mRNA expression. Excess iodine can inhibit both thyroid D1 mRNA expression and its activity.

Objective To evaluate the application of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of female stress urinary incontinence(SUI). Methods Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging(DMRI)were performed on 30 healthy female volunteers and 35 female SUI patients.DMRI of the pelvic floor at rest and OR maximal strain were performed by using sagittal T2-weighted fast gradient sequences.The distance of Urethra-vesical junction to the pubococcygeal line,the posterior vesicourethral angle and angle of inclination of the urethral axis were measured at rest and on maximal strain position.The t-value exact test were used to analyze the data. Results At rest the Urethravesical junction laid above pubococcygeal line on both control and SUI groups.Mean distance from the Urethra-vesical junction to pubococcygeal line at rest had no difference between the two groups.On straining,the mean Urethra-vesical junction descent distance in the SUI group(-0.9±1.1cm)was significantly higher than in control group(-0.14±0.3 cm),(P＜0.001).On straining,the mean angle of urethral inclination in the SUI group(65±37°)was significantly bigger than in control groups (17±21°),(P＜0.05).The posterior vesicourethral angle in the SUI groups(156±36°)was significantly bigger than in control groups(113±28°),(P＜0.05). Conclusion Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive.easily applied method in the diagnosis of SUI.

We have investigated the situation about recent interdisciplinary construction for medical subject from several 985-project universities in China as well as the well-known overseas universities via internet. We also have analyzed the results and in mean time, put forward some related suggestions in order to probe an available strategy of interdisciplinary construction for medical subject in the universities of China.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the effect of high glucose on the protein expression of calreticulin ( CRT) and its association with cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cardiomyocytes.METHODS: AC-16 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into normal glucose group, high glucose group, high glucose+CRT siRNA group and isotonic con-trol group.The cell apoptotic rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential level, respiratory enzyme activity, and protein expression of CRT were observed.RESULTS: Compared with the cardiomyocytes in normal glucose group, the apoptotic rate and ROS production of cardiomyocytes increased in high glucose group, accompanying with the decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential level and enzyme activitiy of the respiratory chain.The protein expression of CRT was significantly increased in high glucose group.However, compared with high glucose group, high glucose+CRT siRNA decreased the expression of CRT and attenuated the damage of mitochondria, but CRT siRNA did not reduce the ROS level in cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION:High glucose brings about CRT over-expression to induce mito-chondrial injury, thus increasing myocardial apoptosis.