An QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers( OH-PBDEs) in soil samples. After being mixed with 10 mL of water, the sample was extracted with acidified acetonitrile, cleaned up by C18 and primary secondary amine ( PSA ) . The separation of eight OH-PBDEs was performed on a C18 column using gradient elution of acetonitrile and water as mobile phase within 9 min. The OH-PBDEs were analyzed under the multiple-reaction monitoring ( MRM ) mode with negative electrospay ionization. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves were linear well in the range of 2-200 μg/L with correlation coefficients ranging from 0. 9936 to 0. 9990, and the limits of detection of eight OH-PBDEs were in the range of 0. 23-1. 21 ng/g. At the spiked levels of 5. 0 and 50 ng/g, the average spiked recoveries for eight OH-PBDEs were between 73. 2% and 117. 7%, with the relative standard derivations ( RSDs) from 5. 6% to 19. 7%. The developed method is simple and sensitive, and suitable for the rapid analysis of large quantities of samples.

0 05)in all parameters The tumor inhibitory rate and the cells detained in G 0～G 1 phase significantly increased, meanwhile, cells in S phase, the PI and PCNA significantly decreased in rhGH+L OHP group compared with control group or rhGH group ( P

Objective To explore the relationship between ATP content in CD4+ T lymphocytes and acute rejection after liver transplantation(LT). Methods This study contained 77 patients who received LT from February to October 2009, They were divided into AR (acute rejection) and NAR (non-acute rejection) groups while 56 healthy people were enrolled to serve as the control group.Blood specimens were collected preoperatively and at 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. For the AR group, specimens were also collected on the day when AR occurred and 1 week after steroid bump together with that of the healthy people. ImmuKnowTM test kits for immune cell function were used to assay the ATP value. Results ATP values within CD4+T lymphocytes were elevated significantly in each group compared with those preoperatively. Peak level was reached in the AR group and was significantly higher than that of the contemporary NAR group (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the obvious elevation of the ATP value within CD4+ T lymphocytes 1 week postoperatively had better sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing AR. The ATP sensitivity rate for early AR was 84.6 %and specificity rate 81 %. The ATP value within CD4+ T lymphocytes on the day of AR occurrence had a positive relationship with the rejection acting index(RAI), while relative index (r) was 0. 876(P＜0.05). After the steroid dump treatment, AR in all the patients was reversed and the ATP value declined significantly as compared with the control group and the day when AR occurred(P＜0. 05).Conclusion During the postoperative period, the dynamic change of ATP value within CD4 + T lymphocyte had a close relationship with acute rejection after liver transplantation. Thus, it might be used as a feasible and noninvasive monitoring index for diagnosing AR and the effectiveness of the anti-rejection treatment.

Objective This retrospective,single-center study evaluated short-and mid-term results of minimally invasive surgery to occlude ventricular septal defects(VSDs) through right subaxillary approach.Methods The procedure was performed on 624 children,224 boys and 205 girls;aged(2.4 ± 2.2) years;mean weight(12.3 ± 10.2)kg between January 2014 to December 2017 at the Children' s Heart Center of Henan Province People' s Hospital.An approximately 2 cm right subaxillary incision was made between the third and fifth ribs.The right atrium or ventricle was punctured under the guidance of transencephalographic echocardiography(TEE).The VSD was occluded under TEE guidance.Results The mean size of VSDs was(4.2 ±0.9)mm,and the occluder measured(5.2 ± 1.2)mm.Asymmetrical occluders were used in 28 patieuts and symmetrical occluders in 596 patients.The operative time was(58.5 ± 20.2) minutes,and the time in the intensive care unit (ICU) was(19.4 ±6.7) h.Blood loss was(10.4 ±9.5) ml.There were no deaths among these patients.Occluder displacement occurred in two cases.The complications such as Ⅲ degree atrioventricular block,new aortic regurgitation,reoperation foi massive bleeding,and serious infection were not observed.All patients were followed up for 6-48 months.There were 15 cases of residual shunt after operation.Eight cases were self-closed during follow-up,and 5 cases were still followed up.No complications such as reoperation,aortic regurgitation,atrioventricular block or occluder abscission was observed during the follow-up period.Conclusion Occluding VSDs using the right subaxillary approach is safe and effective.Short-term and midterm results are satisfactory.Further follow-up is required regarding long-term results.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate the utilization of some essential medicines among elderly people in clinic settings in China, in order to provide a reference for the selection of fully reimbursed medicines for the elderly.Methods:Expert consultations were conducted to evaluate the utilization of 58 essential medicines related to eight major therapeutic areas, including neurology, psychiatry, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, among elderly people.The evaluation indexes included safety, efficacy, compliance by medical staff, compliance by patients, clinical value, and pharmaceutical economics.Results:Except for psychiatry, authority coefficients for drugs related to the other therapeutic areas were greater than 0.7, indicating that experts were familiar with the indications of the medications.According to the comprehensive evaluation scores, 10 medicines, i.e., nitroglycerin, metoprolol tartrate, isosorbide dinitrate, omeprazole, metformin, amlodipine, aspirin, acarbose, valsartan, and clopidogrel, could be considered as the first choices for guaranteed essential drugs for the elderly.Meanwhile, another 10 medicines, including nifedipine, estazolam, tamsulosin, simvastatin, alfacalcidol, enalapril, bisoprolol, beclomethasone dipropionate, ipratropium, and salbutamol, could be considered as the second choices for guaranteed essential drugs for elderly people.Conclusions:The first choices recommended by experts as guaranteed essential drugs for the elderly are mainly cardiovascular, endocrine and respiratory medicines, in line with the disease spectrum of the elderly.The selection of essential medications with full cost reimbursement for elderly patients should be those frequently used and with a burden of high medicine costs.