An electrophoretic karyotype of Acanthamoeba polyphaga has been preliminarily analysed by means of pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Ten chromosomal DNA bands are distinguishable on the gel.Using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) chromosomal DNA as size standard,we estimate the size of the chromosomes to be between about 200 kilobase pairs (kb) and 2 megabase pairs (mb).

Objective To observe the changes of serum soluble form of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1) level in full-term newborns with infection and to investigate the relationship between serum sTREM-1 and neonatal bacterial infection.Methods Eighty-five full-term newborns admitted to the neonatal ward of Shanghai Children s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University were selected into this study.According to the locations and severity of infection,patients were divided into 3 groups: severe infection group (n = 27),mild infection group (n = 28),non-infection group (n = 30).The samples of infection groups were collected before using antibiotics and within 48 h after infection symptom occurred; others were collected during hospitalization.For the neonates with organ dysfunction in the severe infection group,samples were also collected at the third and seventh day of infection.Serum sTREM-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Analysis of variance was used to compare the difference between groups.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value and Youden index.Results (1) Serum sTREM-1 level of severe infection group[(91.2±47.3) pg/ml] was significantly higher than that of mild infection group[(68.8 + 30.4) pg/ml] and non-infection group[(35.5±17.6) pg/ml],respectively (P＜0.05).(2) Serum sTREM-1 level of the survival newborns (n= 17) in the severe infection group was lower than that of dead ones[(73.1±34.9) pg/ml vs (121.6±49.3) pg/ml,t= - 2.995,P = 0.006].(3) For the survival patients,the serum sTREM-1 level decreased in the first week of infection,while that of dead patients increased,the cut-off value was 100.6 pg/ml.(4) Based on the ROC analysis,43.8 pg/ml was selected as the the cut-off value,area under the curve was 0.868,and sensitivity was 85.5%,specificity 80.0%,positive predictive value 0.887,negative predictive value 0.750,Youden index 0.655.Conclusions Serum sTREM-1 level increases in neonatal infection.The change of serum sTREM-1 level in patients with severe infection is correlated to the prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of sonohysterography (SHG)in uterine cavity diseases. Methods 48 patients suspected to suffer from uterine cavity diseases on the basis of transvaginal sonography underwent sonohysterography,hysteroscopy and biopsy.The results of sonohysterography were compared with those from hysteroscopy and biopsy. Results The diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity,specificity of SHG in detecting abnormal uterine cavities were 93.8%(45/48),91.4%(32/35),100%(13/13) and respectively. Conclusions SHG is a simple,effective and cheap method in the detectiou of uterine cavity diseases.

Objective To evaluate and compare the value of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and soluble form of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 in neonatal infection and detect the relationship between them.Methods Eighty-five full-term newborns who were admitted to the neonatal ward of Shanghai Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University were enrolled,according to the locations and severity of infection,the patients were divided into three groups:systemic infection group (n =27),local infection group(n =28),and non-infection group (n =30).The level of plasma sTREM-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were measured using cytometric bead array.Results (1) The levels of sTREM-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly higher in infants with systemic infection group than local infection group and non-infection group(P ＜0.05).(2) There were 17 survivors and 10 deaths in systemic infection group,and the level of sTREM-1 in the non-survivor [(121.64 ±49.31) pg/ml] was higher than the survivor[(73.13 ± 34.92) pg/ml,P =0.006].But the levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were not statistically significant in the survivor and the death (P ＞ 0.05).(3) Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis,cutoff values were identified for each variable that maximized both the sensitivity and specificity.These markers were considered positive if sTREM-1 ≥43.75 pg/ml,IL-6 ≥ 89.80 pg/ml,IL-8 ≥569.55 pg/ml and TNF-α ≥ 24.80 pg/ml.Among these indexes,the sensitivities were 85.5％,89.1％,70.1％ and 69.5％ respectively; the specificity were 80.0％,100％,100％ and 93.3％ respectively.Compared the area under curve(AUC) of them,IL-6(AUC =0.981)＞ sTREM-1 (AUC =0.868) ＞ TNF-α (AUC =0.864) ＞ IL-8 (AUC =0.852).sTREM-1 was correlated with IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α(Spearman coefficient of rank r =0.532,P ＜0.01 ;r =0.420,P ＜0.01 ;r =0.531,P ＜0.01).Conclusion (1) The levels of plasma sTREM-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were higher in neonatal infections;(2) sTREM-1 was associated with prognosis; (3) sTREM-1 was correlated with IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-15b and miR-16 on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein in human embryonic lung fibroblast (HLF) cells under hyperoxia.Methods The expression level of miR-15b and miR-16 was up-regulated and down-regulated in HLF cells by transfection technology, respectively.The expression of VEGF protein in HLF cells was assessed by Western blot.Furthermore, under hyperoxia exposure in vitro, the expression of miR-15b, miR-16 and VEGF protein in HLF cells was analyzed.Results Up-regulation of miR-15b and miR-16 suppressed VEGF protein expression, while down-regulated miR-15b and miR-16 promoted VEGF protein expression.In addition, hyperoxia exposure induced up-regulation of miR-15b and miR-16, but down-regulation of VEGF protein in HLF cells.Conclusions Hyperoxia exposure may up-regulate the expression level of miR-15b and miR-16, but suppress VEGF protein expression.These may contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective To investigate the problems existing in hospital transfusion records,analyze unreasonable factors,and improve the quality of blood transfusion.Methods Investigation of our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 with blood transfusion medical records,according to hospitalization number,900 cases were selected,using random number table.Investigating blood transfusion records on each record integrity,according toGuidelines for Surgical and Traumatic Blood Transfusion and Internal medicine transfusion guide in clinical blood transfusion technical specifications.The common blood components such as red blood cells,plasma and cryoprecipitate infusion and rationality evaluation.Results There were 583 surgical departments and 557 non-surgical departments.There was a significant difference between the surgical department and the non-surgical department.The reasonable rate of non-operation department was higher than that of the operation department (x2 =7.723,P=0.021).The rational rate of the department was 93.8％,while the operation department was only 88.0％;900 blood transfusion records of four kinds of blood components of the rationality of the difference was statistically significant (x2=214.767,P＜0.001).Non-surgical department of erythrocyte,plasma,cold precipitate reasonable rate than the surgical department;900 medical records in 55 records failed,mainly after the assessment of incomplete blood transfusion,no recorded blood transfusion reaction.There were significant differences in the failure rate between the surgical department and the non-surgical department (x2 =4.613,P=0.032).Conclusion Some physicians transfusion indications,for evaluation before and after blood transfusion blood insufficient attention to curative effect evaluation,blood transfusion is not reasonable,and in the operation department,do not take the blood transfusion medical record writing,hospitals should strengthen the blood transfusion blood transfusion continuously improve the scientific and normative management.

OBJECTIVE To enhance the hospital infection control quality level,decreasing hospital infection incidence and safeguarding the medical treatment in community health servnice canter(CHSC).METHODS Through plan,do,check and action(PDCA) circle method,combined with the management analysis the risk factors were found,and the method was useful for improving hospital infection control quality.RESULTS After one and a half years all-process progressive improvement of our work,the risk factors were diminished,the quality evaluation was improved and the management was more effective.CONCLUSIONS Practicing scientific management to improve control quality,can effectiely enhance the hospital infection control quality.

Objective: To study if the immune-enhancing effect of Arg was mediated via liver.Methods: The direct effect of Arg on T cell proliferation was measured by 3H-TdR incorporation. Rat hepatocytes were primarily cultured in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium, and then cultured in medium containing Arg(?mol/L:0,7.5,75,750,7 500), and the supernatant was collected at 0, 24, 48, 72 hours, and added to splenocytes culture, and T cell proliferation, NK cell activity and IL-2 activity,〔Ca 2+〕i were measured respectively.Results: Arg had no direct effect on splenocyte proliferation. The hepatocyte culture supernatant significantly increased the lymphocyte〔Ca 2+〕i ,IL-2 activity and T lymphocyte proliferation; 7 500 ?mol/L was most effective. Conclusion: Arg may enhance immune function via secretion of bioactive molecules by hepatocytes.

Objective To evaluate the values of CD64 expression in diagnosis of infected patients referred to intensive care unit.Method Sixty febrile children referred to the hospital intensive care unit from 2009.11 to 2010.03 were enrolled for a retrospective study.Fever was defined as a body temperature reaching 38℃ or higher with specifically bacterial infection or highly suspected with bacterial infection or viral infection.There were 28 patients with bacterial infection and 32 with viral infection.The non-infectious diseases such as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and Kawasaki disease were excluded.The controls were 50 healthy children asking for physical examination.On admission,CD64 were measured by using flow cytometry,and blood routine examination,ESR,PCT,blood cultures and sputum cultures were simultaneously detected in all febrile patients.Data were statistically analyzed by using SAS 16.0 software.Data are given as means±SE.Categorical variables were analyzed using X2 test and continuous variables were compared by applying paired 1-tailed t test,Significance level was set at less than 0.05.Results of them,57.1%bacterial infection patients and 71.9%viral infection patients contracted pneumonia.CD64 in bacterial infection patients、viral infection patients and the subjects of control group were(12.6±9.7),(5.4±2.42)and (2.9±0.77),respectively.The CD64 in the bacterial infection patients were significantly higher than those in the virus infection patients(F=11.002,P=0.004).Conclusions CD64 in infected children referred to a hospital intensive care unit can be clearly distinguished between bacterial infections and viral infections, providing an important guidance and a flexible strategy for clinical treatment and determine the timing of withdrawal.