ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect and safety of dezocine and sufentanil in intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain. Methods60 patients with ASA Ⅰ～Ⅲ,underwent general anaesthesia operation were divided into two groups randomly,with 30 cases for each group:dezocine 0.6mg/kg and sufentanil 0.6mg/kg was applied to PCIA in group A and B.PCIA was administered with subsequent bolus of 1 ml with lockout time 15 minutes and background infusion of 2ml/h.The analgesic effect was evaluated by VAS,BCS and Ramsay at 1、2、4、12、24、48 hours after operation.The changes of vital sign were also assessed. ResultsThere was no significant difference between two groups in analgesia effect(all P＞0.05)and adverse reaction incidence rate(P＞0.05). ConclusionThe effect of dezocine in intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain could be as satisfaction as that of sufentainyl.

Thyroid cancer is uncommon in children and adolescents. This article analyzed the current data and stated the treatment progress of the thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. Even though in the advanced stage at diagnosis, the prognosis is good for pediatric patients. Surgery is the treatment for pediatric thyroid cancer. Although there is no optimal surgery recommendation, most surgeons preferred total and (or) subtotal thyroidectomy. Hemi-thyroidectomy could also be considered in the low-risk patients with small unifocal tumors. We recommend routine central compartment clearance in pediatric thyroid cancers to reduce the local recurrence. Radioactive iodine therapy is also recommended in particular pediatric patients. Recurrences after treatment in childhood thyroid cancer may take place over a long period of time. Therefore, a life-long follow-up is mandatory.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and plasma concentrations of tacrolimus in renal transplant patients. Methods Kidney transplant patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Control group was treated with cyclosporin A, experimental group was treated with tacrolimus. Clinical efficacy of two groups was compared,and plasma concentrations of tacrolimus the experimental group were tested at different periods. Results Compared with the control group,experimental group D-BILI and the concentration of T-BILI significantly lower,rate of acute rejection and infection significantly reduced,the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05) ;At the same time,in the experimental group,blood concentration of FK506 in patients at different periods after surgery were different. Conclusions . Tacrolimus was expected to develop ithe main immunosuppressant, its blood concentration factors of further research would be beneficial for to provide a reasonable regimen the clinical organ transplant patients.

Objective: To investigate the extravasate sponging and hemostatic property of chitosan hemostatic sponge on the wound of otic vein of rabbit, and its healing effect on the scald of rabbit skin, for clinical application. Methods: Lacerating the otic vein of rabbit with bistoury and promptly pressing the wound with chitosan hemostatic sponge, gelatin sponge or gauze, respectively, the hemostatic effect was observed by uncovering each 30 seconds. Spreading chitosan hemostatic sponge, gelatin sponge or gauze, respectively, on the scalds of rabbit skin, the decrustation (pulling off scab) was observed within 10 days. Results: Comparing with the group of gelatin sponge, the group of chitosan hemostatic sponge showed significant differences in bleeding time and wound healing (P

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects,acute and late side-effects of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (PF) schemed chronomodulated chemotherapy combined with concurrent intensitymodulated radiotherapy(IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 48 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with chronomodulated chemotherapy plus concurrent IMRT were retrospectively studied.The radiation doses prescribed to the gross target volume GTVnx of nasopharyngeal,to the positive neck lymphnodes GTVnd,to the clinical target volume CTV1,and to CTV2 were 73.92-77.88,69.96,60.06-66.00 and 50.96-56.00 Gy respectively.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate the local-regional progression-free rate.The acute and late side-effects were graded according to RTOG radiation morbidity scoring criteria.Results The complete remission (CR) rate was 41.6％(20/48) ; the partial remission (PR) rate was 47.9％ (23/48) ; the stable disease (SD) rate was 4.2％(2/48) ; and the local tumor control rate was 89.6％.Most of the patients had grade 1 to 2 acute side effects and grade 0 to 1 late side-effects.No grade 4 acute and late toxicity was observed.1,2,4-year survival rates were 93.8％,79.2％ and 64.5％,respectively.The DVH analysis showed that IMRT improved the total dose and dose per-fraction to the target volume with considerable dose reduction of the normal structures at the same time.Conclusions PF chronomodulated chemotherapy plus concurrent intensity-modulated radiotherapy for NPC could improve therapeutic effects with satisfactory tolerance of the side effects.

Objective To understand the comments for the essential drug system by doctors at township health centers in Nantong's six counties and to discuss the effect of implementing the essential drug system to different ownership systems.Methods The survey was made with stratified clusters random sampling method to select township health centers.Questionnaires were filled out by doctors,and leaders of the health bureau and township health centers were interviewed.Results After the implementation of the essential drug system,94.6％of the doctors found that the number of laboratory examinations increased in Rugao,Rudong and Haian.23.2％of the doctors in Tongzhou,Qidong and Haimen found that enthusiasm for work increased.Conclusion The compensation mechanism should be perfected and the financial subsidies should be paid in time.Supervision and management should be strengthened and the grassroots need for medicine be ensured.The skills training should be enhanced and the medical service ability be improved.

Objective:To provide references for encouraging translation of medical and pharmaceutical research outcomes from a policy perspective.Methods:In view of characteristics of such translation and using policy tools, the authors introduced the innovation value chain and innovation entity chain to create a three-dimensional analysis framework. The three dimensions refer to policy tools(supply side, environment side and demand side), innovation value chain(research and development, clinical research and pilot application, and commercial industrialization), and innovation entity chain(colleges, medial institutions, enterprises, government, and third parties). A three-dimensional framework was introduced for textual quantitative analysis, centering on 70 policy documents on such translation released from 2015 to 2019.Results:Excessiveness was found in the environment side and supply side policy tools usage, while the demand side was deficient relatively; clinical research and pilot applications constitute the policy support weakness in innovation value chain; policy frequency on medical institutions and third parties was weak in the innovation entity chain dimension.Conclusions:Based on the three-dimensional framework analysis results and sector specifics, the paper proposed such policy recommendations as highlighting features of medical and pharmaceutical sector, activating incentives of hospitals and colleges, and expanding resources for clinical research.

Objective To probe into the feasibility of establishing a uniform reimbursement plan for hospitalization expenses under NRCMS in Nanjing city. Methods Hospitalization expenses in 2005 for peasants under NRCMS from the sour suburb districts and county in Nanjing were sampled. Based on this study, a reimbursement ratio was designed for such peasants as classified by "grades, sections and accumulated reimbursement". Results A uniform NVRMS reimbursement plan for hospitalization expenses may not be practical for all peasants in Nanjing. Yet such a plan of relative uniformity is worthy of experimenting as follows: no minimum for reimbursement;within the same expense range, reimbursement ratio may be measured and fixed accordingly among districts and county in the city, ranging 20%-70%;a uniform ceiling and reimbursement range are recommended. Conclusions A uniform city-wide plan requires by-step and planned implementations. With support from government finance, fund-raising gaps among these areas can be narrowed gradually, cutting back differences in their reimbursement plans in the end.

This study aimed at comparing the United States, Britain, Australia, the Netherlands and China’s national performance evaluation, and sum up the experience to provide a theoretical basis for the China’s development of hospital performance evaluation system. The study found that China needs to consider the patient's perspective, to establish a fixed third-party performance evaluation agencies, establish an effective incentive mechanism and feedback mechanism and combine a variety of assessment methods in the development of hospital performance evaluation index system.