Objective:To observe the effect of Aalv Capsule on sodium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes(INa)for exploring the mechanism of its anti-premature beats.Methods:Whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique was used to record the Aalv Capsule for a single cell of sodium currents in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.Results:There was dose-dependent of Aalv Capsule in block of sodium currents and had a certain amount of use-dependent and time-dependent.Conclusion:The role of Aalv Capsule in blocking sodium current block was one of the mechanisms of its in bearing premature.

Objective:To understand the current situation of effective teaching behavior of clinical nursing teachers and analyze it.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on nursing students and teaching teachers in Tai′an City central hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, using Cui Shasha Chinese version of Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory as the research tool.Results:The score of the teachers in the "interpersonal relationship" dimension was the highest (6.32±0.89), while the score in the "nursing ability" dimension was the lowest (5.95±0.99). There was no statistically significant difference between college students and undergraduate students in the evaluation of effective teaching behaviors of teachers, while there was statistically significant difference between nursing students (including college students and undergraduate students) and teachers in all dimensions and total scores of the scale ( t values were -4.616--2.250, P<0.05 or 0.01). Teachers and students were more consistent with the 10 items with low scores than the 10 items with high scores (the total number of items was 2 and 5, respectively). Conclusions:The teaching teacher should be able to correctly identify and judge the learning needs of the internship nursing students, so that the teaching effect meets the expectations of the internship nursing students, and should be targeted when teaching internship nursing students of different educational levels as well as focusing on nursing research.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effects of different umbilical cord time on maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods:Meta analysis was used, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Web of Science database, etc. were searched. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the literature quality was evaluated. Revman 5.2 software was used for data processing and analysis.Results:A total of 9 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that delayed umbilical cord did not increase postpartum 2,24 h hemorrhage[mean difference ( MD)=-40.69, 95%confidence interval (CI) (-83.05-1.67), P>0.05 and MD=-10.33, 95% CI (-22.47-1.81), P>0.05] and did not prolong the third stage of labor [ MD= 0.32, 95% CI (-0.71-1.35), P>0.05] compared with conventional umbilical cord (early umbilical cord) method. 1,5 min Apgar scores for different neonatal umbilical cord time was not statistically significant[ MD=0.05, 95% CI (-0.02-0.12), P>0.05 and MD=-0.01, 95% CI (-0.04-0.03), P>0.05]. There was no significant difference in neonatal weight [ MD=72.91, 95% CI (-53.98-199.80), P>0.05]. Delayed umbilical cord could improve the newborn's 24 h capillary hemoglobin [ MD=17.69, 95% CI (13.55-21.83), P<0.01] and bilirubin peak [ MD=17.50, 95% CI (11.88-23.12), P<0.01]. Conclusions:Delayed umbilical cord and early umbilical cord did not increase postpartum hemorrhage and prolong the third stage of labor, and had no adverse effects on maternal. The peak levels of capillary hemoglobin and bilirubin in newborns were increased 24 h, but there was no significant difference in neonatal 1 min and 5 min Apgar scores and neonatal weight.

Objective For Genistein has been reported to inhibit many tumors ,we investigate the role of autophagy in the proliferation inhibition to Hela cells by Genistein and the machanism of autophagy plays in this process.Methods Human cervical cancer Hela cells were divided into control group,Genistein group and 3-MA+Genistein group,the control group were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS),Genistein group were cultured in various concentrations Genistein(25,50,100μmol/L),3-MA+Genistein group were treated with 5mmol/L 3-MA for 1h before cultured in 100μmol/L Genistein.The proliferation inhibitory rate of Hela cells was detected by MTT method.The ultrastructure changes of Hela cells was observed under transmission electronic microscope(TEM).The levels of autophagy-associated protein P62 and Beclin-1 were detected by Western blotting analysis.The expressions of autophagy-associated proteins LC3A/B in Hela cells were determined by fluorescent staining to analyse the autophagy induced by Genistein in Hela cells.Results Compared with control group ,the proliferation inhibitory rate of Hela cells was 20.9%±1.3%,33.5%±1.6% and 46.5%±3.2% when cultured in 25,50,100μmol/L Genistein(P<0.01).After treated with various concentrations Genistein for 48h, we observed a dose-dependent increase in the expression of Beclin-1 and decrease of P62.Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the fluorescent density of LC3A/B expression in Hela cells treated with 100μmol/L Genistein increased significantly as compared with control group.TEM showed there are many vacuoles and double-membrane autophagosomes which involved cytoplasmic components in Hela cells treated with 100μmol/L Genistein.The proliferation inhibitory rate of Hela cells of Genistein group is decreased as compared with those in 3-MA+Genistein group[(46.5±3.2)% vs (58.2±2.2)%,P<0.01].Conclusion Genistein could inhibit Hela cells proliferation and induce autophagy.

Objective To explore the effects of biased constitutions on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and mechanisms of the role of sleep quality in the relationship between biased constitutions and HRQOL.Methods Data collected from the propulation of Beijing and Shijiazhuang,Hebei province for health check-up from March 2015 to December 2016. The biased constitutions were evaluated using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) score;CCMQ consists of gentleness type (A type),qi-deficiency type (B type),yang-deficiency type (C type),yin-deficiency type (D type),phlegm-wetness type (E type),wet-heat type (F type),blood-stasis type (G type),qi-depression type (H type),and special diathesis type (I type),the eight constitutions except A type are classified as biased constitution (BC),Sleep quality (SQ) was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). HRQOL was evaluated using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Pearson's correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation among the eight BCs,SQ,and HRQOL,and the structural equation model was further constructed to explore the effects of the eight BCs on HRQOL and the mediating effect of SQ.Results A total of 2,170 samples were included in the database. Finally,1,982 samples were included as study subjects after excluding 188 unqualified samples. The SF-36 and PSQI scores of the samples were 79.73±12.89 and 4.29±2.66,respectively,and the scores for the eight BCs were 27.46±14.84,25.12±19.17,23.55±14.99,21.57±15.20,23.67±15.49,21.68±14.49,22.00±16.14,and 16.13±14.19 for B,C,D,E,F,G,H,and I types,respectively. The result of Pearson's correlation analysis showed that all biased constitution scores were negatively correlated with the SF-36 score (r=-0.562 to-0.327,P<0.01),and were positively correlated with the PSQI score (r=0.272 to 0.431,P<0.01),and PSQI score was negatively correlated with the SF-36 score (r=-0.471,P<0.01). The result of the structural equation model showed that all biased constitutions had a negative effect on HRQOL and that the mediating role of SQ in the relationship between eight BCs and HRQOL was all statistically significant. The total effects of the eight BCs on HRQOL were-0.776,-0.528,-0.603,-0.684,-0.596,-0.678,-0.751,and-0.452 for the B,C,D,E,F,G,H,and I types,respectively. Moreover,the absolute effects of the B and H types were significantly higher than in other BCs;the mediation effect of SQ was-0.242,-0.272,-0.291,-0.261,-0.265,-0.395,-0.203,and-0.287 for the B,C,D,E,F,G,H,and I types,respectively,the absolute value of the mediation effect between G type and HRQOL was significantly higher than that of other BCs. Conclusion The eight BCs had negative effects on HRQOL,and SQ played a mediator role in the relationship between the eight BCs and HRQOL.

Objective To explore the relationship between ultrasonographic characteristics and promoting angiogenesis related genes in breast invasive ductal carcinoma.Methods A search was conducted in the PubMed database to identify genes related to promoting an-giogenesis in breast cancer.Protein-protein interaction networks(PPI)were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape soft-ware,and screen for key genes.A total of 38 female patients diagnosed with breast invasive ductal carcinoma from January 2022 to August 2023 were included in the study.The relationship between clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of these patients and key genes was analyzed.Results A total of 10 key genes were screened.The expression levels of TGF-β1 and CXCL12 in patients aged＞50 years were higher than those in patients aged ≤50 years(P＜0.05).The expression level of IL-6 in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The expression level of CCL2 in patients with color pixel percent-age(CPP)of ultra micro angiography(UMA)＞10％was higher than that in patients with CPP of UMA ≤10％(P＜0.05).The ex-pression level of Akt1 in patients with predominantly peripheral vascular distribution were higher than that in patients with central distribu-tion(P＜0.05).The expression levels of IL-6,TGF-β1,PEC AM1,CXCL8 and CXCL12 in patients with uneven contrast perfusion were higher than those in patients with even contrast perfusion(P＜0.05).The expression levels of TGF-β1,PEC AM1,FN1 and CX-CL12 in patients with contrast perfusion defect area＞1/2 were higher than those in patients with contrast perfusion defect area≤1/2(P＜0.05).There was a correlation among genes involved in regulating contrast perfusion uniformity and perfusion defect area,particu-larly the intersecting genes TGF-β1,PECAM1 and CXCL12(P＜0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between the ultrasono-graphic characteristics of breast invasive ductal carcinoma and key genes related to promoting angiogenesis,which may provide a reference for individualized treatment of breast cancer.

Objective:To discuss the necessity and feasibility of constructing the baccalaureate midwifery education standard in China by the comparative study of WHO and ICM education standards, combined with China's medical nursing education standards.Methods:We searched the scientific literature using the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and the official websites of WHO and ICM. Comparative study was conducted combined with the literature study, analyze the specific fields and indicators required for baccalaureate midwifery education standards in China.Results:ICM standard is more accord with the actual needs of the construction of baccalaureate midwifery education standard in China.Conclusion:It is feasible and necessary to construct the baccalaureate midwifery education standard according to ICM standards, this study further provides reference and basis for constructing the baccalaureate midwifery education standard in China.

Hidden absenteeism refers to the behavior of employees who insist on going to work even when they are in poor health,but its work efficiency is low and affects the productivity.This paper reviews and sorts out the related researches on hidden absenteeism of nurses in China,expounds the definition of the con-cept of hidden absenteeism,evaluation tools,current situation and influencing factors of hidden absenteeism of nurses in China,and puts forward the suggestions on the countermeasures of hidden absenteeism,in order to provide reference for nursing managers in China on the management of hidden absenteeism.

Purpose: In non-metastatic prostate cancer (nmPCa) setting, it is important to early identify the patients at risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) for immediate postoperative intervention. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential clinical utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for predicting disease recurrence. Materials and Methods: This real-world observational study evaluated 161 cases of nmPCa undergoing next-generation sequencing at our institution. A total of 139 ctDNA samples and 31 biopsied tumor tissue underwent genomic profiling. The study endpoint was BCR after radical prostatectomy. Relationships between the ctDNA status and the biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) were analyzed by log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression. Results: Of 161 enrolled patients, 19 (11.8%) harbored deleterious alterations in NCOR2, followed by BRCA2 (3.7%), ATR (2.5%), and CDK12 (2.5%). Of available pre-operative blood samples (n=139), ctDNA was detectable in 91 (65.5%). Until last follow-up, 56 of 68 patients (85.3%) with detectable ctDNA had achieved BCR, whereas only eight of 39 patients (20.5%) with undetectable ctDNA had achieved BCR. Patients who had undetectable ctDNA experienced significantly longer bPFS compared with those who had detectable ctDNA (not available vs. 8.2 months; hazard ratio, 0.14; p < 0.01). Pre-operative ctDNA status was a significant prognostic factor of disease recurrence. Conclusion Pre-operative ctDNA detection could identify patients at high risk of recurrence and has the potential to inform immediate postoperative interventions, but these approaches remain to be validated in prospective studies. ctDNA studies can provide insights into accurate monitoring and precise treatment rather than simply following routine clinical care.

BACKGROUND:Precision therapy based on multifunctional nanomaterials is a novel therapeutic model for malignancies that can integrate multiple imaging and therapeutic models into one nanoscale platform to achieve visual combination treatment. OBJECTIVE:To prepare novel nanoparticles loaded with Cu2(OH)PO4 nanoparticles(CuNPs)and nuciferine(NF)(h-PCuNF),and to explore their ability to mediate combined photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy/chemodynamic therapy/chemotherapy for malignancy. METHODS:The h-PCuNF nanoparticles were synthesized through a double-emulsion procedure,through which the CuNPs and NF were loaded into the shell of hollow poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid nanocarriers.The morphology,structure,particle size,and zeta potential of the h-PCuNF nanoparticles were characterized.In deionized water,the magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal conversion performances of the h-PCuNF nanoparticles,as well as their capability to implement reactive oxygen species production by mediating photocatalysis and Fenton-like reactions,were evaluated.In liver malignant tumor cell line HepG2 cells,the effectiveness of the photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy/chemodynamic therapy/chemotherapy combination therapy mediated by the nanoparticles was detected by employing fluorescence imaging and MTT assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The h-PCuNF nanoparticles possessed a hollow spherical structure in which the CuNPs(drug loading rate and encapsulation rate were 26.3%and 63.2%,respectively)and NF(drug loading rate and encapsulation rate were 11.0%and 52.6%,respectively)were loaded into the shell.The average particle size of the h-PCuNF nanoparticles was(309.2±10.0)nm,while the zeta potential was determined to be(-12.5±0.9)mV.In physiological environments,the nanoparticles possess favorable suspension stability.(2)In deionized water,the h-PCuNF nanoparticles could markedly enhance T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging images.The h-PCuNF nanoparticles showed remarkable photothermal conversion and photocatalytic reactive oxygen species generation capabilities under near infrared laser irradiation.In addition,the h-PCuNF nanoparticles could consume glutathione and mediate Fenton-like reactions to produce·OH.(3)The h-PCuNF nanoparticles could be taken up by HepG2 tumor cells and were mainly distributed in the cytoplasm.The synergistic therapeutic effect was demonstrated after the nanoparticles were activated by near infrared laser irradiation,because CuNPs mediated photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy/chemodynamic therapy and NF mediated chemotherapy could synergistically eliminate the tumor cells.