Compared with initial treatment of primary breast cancer, more uncertainties exist regarding to the prognosis and salvage therapy of local-regional recurrent breast cancer. This article summarized the pattern of recurrence after breast conservative therapy and mastectomy respectively. Comprehensive local treatment comprising re-excision and entire-ifeld radiotherapy are the mainstay of multi-disciplinary treatment. Optimized local treatment is efifcient not only in local disease control but also in preventing subsequent recurrence. Although past data did not fully justify the role of systemic treatment in local-regional recurrent patients, the result of CALOR trial, which was initiated by several international breast cancer co-operative groups has conifrmed that based on individualized endocrine and targeted therapy, salvage surgery plus radiotherapy followed by systemic chemotherapy improved the disease-free survival and overall survival compared to surgery+radiotherapy alone, especially in estrogen receptor negative patients.Thus, systemic treatment based on biomarkers from primary as well as recurrent disease will become an integrated part in the therapeutic strategy of local-regional recurrent breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of flow cytometry (FCM ) in diagnosis of non-hodgkin′s lymphoma (NHL) .Methods Pathological examination ,immunohistochemical staining and FCM were adopted to detect the 32 patients with NHL and 30 patients with non-NHL .Results In 32 patients with NHL ,the diagnostic sensitivities of pathological examination ,im-munohistochemistry and FCM were 78 .1% ,46 .9% and 84 .4% ,respectively .In 30 patients with non-NHL ,the diagnostic specifici-ties of pathological examination ,immunohistochemical staining and FCM were 100 .0% ,80 .0% and 83 .3% ,respectively .Conclusion FCM improves diagnostic accuracy of lymphoma in lymph node biopsy samples .

Radiation therapy plays an important role in the multidisciplinary treatment of early stage breast cancer. While breast conservative treatment has become an established strategy, recent clinical investigations focus mainly on the possibility of modification to the standard practice, including the significance of tumor bed boost after whole breast irradiation, the criteria for low-risk patients not to receive adjuvant radiotherapy after breast conservative surgery and the feasibility of partial breast irradiation. Post-mastectomy radiotherapy to the chest wall and regional lymph nodes in high-risk patients has been proved to reduce the local-regional recurrence by 2/3. However, only a few trials support the improvement of survival, and significant controversy exists concerning the role of post-mastectomy radiotherapy in intermediate-risk patients. Current review summarizes the advances and controversies stated above for the treatment of early stage breast cancer.

The increasing need for ideal body shape makes more and more patients choose to receive different types of breast reconstruction surgery after mastectomy. Right now, it is a key problem for the multidisciplinary treatment to find an optimal sequence of comprehensive treatment from which those patients can receive the maximum benefits and a good balance between ideal body shape and satisfactory antitumor outcomes. This paper reviews the latest research advances in the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on breast shape after breast reconstruction, the sequential relationship between the replacement of the temporary tissue expander with the permanent breast prosthesis and postoperative radiotherapy, breast construction surgery, and radiotherapy techniques. To provide a basis for clinical practice, this paper proposes a flow chart for decision?making in reconstruction surgery and adjuvant treatment based on the current literature and clinical data.

2 years, no involvement of regional lymph nodes and the recurrence presented as a single nodule.

Objective To investigate the application of improved ABCD2 scoring for predicting the onset of cerebral infarction within 7 days after transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods A total of 133 patients with TIA adnitted from July 2014 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study.The ABCD2 scoring and ABCD2 combined with carotid ultrasound (CU) scoring were used to predict the risk of cerebral infarction occurred within 7 days after TIA.The univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to estimate the contribution of clinical risk factors to triggering the cerebral infarction within 7 days after TIA.Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of two different kinds of scoring process in early cerebral infarction after TIA.Results Of 133 patients with TIA,35 (26.3％) suffered from cerebral infarction within 7 days after TIA.Univariate analysis showed cerebral infarction occurred within 7days after TIA was closely associated with BP≥ 140/90 mmHg,unilateral weakness,speech impairment,TIA duration ≥ 10 minutes,past history of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,carotid plaque,and carotid stenosis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that unilateral weakness (OR =3.52,95％ CI:1.76-12.34),TIA duration ≥ 10 minutes (OR =2.45,95％ CI:1.06-9.27),diabetes mellitus (OR =3.37,95％ CI:1.27-10.94),past history of hypertension (OR =4.15,95％ CI:1.71-13.34),carotid plaque (OR =6.32,95％ CI:2.46-19.40),and carotid stenosis (OR =12.73,95％ CI:2.67-44.35) were significantly correlated with early onset of cerebral infarction after TIA (all P ＜ 0.05).The ROC analysis revealed the ABCD2-CU scoring (AUC =0.802,95％ CI:0.717-0.888,P =0.000) had a larger area under curve compared to ABCD2 scoring (AUC =0.614,95％ CI:0.511-0.717,P =0.036).Conclusions The ABCD2-CU scoring was more accurate in predicting the imminent risk of cerebral infarction in the patients with TIA compared to ABCD2 scoring.And ABCD2 scoring combined with carotid ultrasound could improve the accuracy for predicting the risk of cerebral infarction occurred within 7 days after TIA.

With the widespread adoption of screening mammography, the incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has been dramatically increased. The spectrum of local treatment advances from mastectomy to breast conservation surgery plus whole breast irradiation (WBI), and hypofractionated WBI or accelerated partial breast irradiation. Although the efficacy of WBI on reducing local recurrence is clear, such benefit in the low-risk DCIS is still controversial. Further studies are required to establish a more precise local recurrence risk stratification system for better tailoring local treatment in patients with DCIS. In this review, the latest advances and controversies in surgery, radiation therapy and local recurrence risk stratification system for patients with DCIS were summarized.

The effect of stress with electric tail-shock on interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by peritoneal exudate jnacrophages of C57 BL/6 mice was studied. The results showed that IL-1 level was decreased to 63.7?5.5%, 59.2?4.8%, and 61.2?3.8% of that of control 6 h, 12h, and 20h after stress, respectively (P

Purpose: To analyze and study the characteristics of diagnosis, multidisciplinary treatment including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy of pregnancy-associated breast cancer. Methods: 9 cases of pregnancy-associated breast cancer were diagnosed and treated in the Department of radiotherapy of Henri Mondor Hospital, the Xllth University of Paris, from December 1992 to June 1999. 3 cases were diagnosed during pregnancy, while the other 6 were diagnosed within one year following pregnancy. 5 cases were treated with breast conservative therapy, 4 cases with modified radical mastectomy. Post-operative radiotherapy was delivered to all of the 9 cases, and 7 cases accepted chemotherapy. Results: 7 of the 9 mammographies and all the 5 breast ultrasonographies revealed tumor images. The stage at the diagnosis was generally late, the proportion of stage I , II and fT was 11 % , 44% and 44% respectively. The median follow-up time was 60 months (9-89 months), disease-free survival was observed in 6 cases, 3 cases had local recurrence or distant metastasis at 14 months to 48 months after the completion of treatment. Conclusions: Delay of diagnosis is frequently observed in pregnancy-associated breast cancer, especially in these cases diagnosed after delivery. Attention should be paid to the physical examination and ultrasonography of the breast during pregnancy and lactation. The principal of treatment is to take into account both the urgency of the disease and the safety of the fetus. Under the condition that the chemotherapy and radiotherapy could be delivered without delay, breast conservative treatment is feasible in early stage pregnancy associated breast cancer

50Gy) in solitary or limited BM subgroup seemed to survive longer. However in the Cox mu ltivariate analysis, only KPS, numbers of BM, extracranial systemic metastasis a nd chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors. Just as those of RPA subgro ups, the median survival from the start of WBRT was 3, 9, 16 months in 3 PI subg roups respectively.Conclusions:Overall survival in BM from breast cancer remains p oor. KPS, numbers of BM, extracranial systemic metastasis and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. RPA classification can predict the prognosis of patients with BM from breast cancer, so can the PI model.