Objective To evaluate the effect of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) with autogenous bone grafting for salvage of failed internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fracture.Methods Between January 2007 and June 2012,21 cases of intertrochanteric fractures who had failed internal fixation initially were treated with revision open reduction and PFNA internal fixation and autogenous bone grafting.There were 9 men and 12 women with the mean age of 54 years (range,27-76 years).In the initially failed internal fixation,dynamic hip screw (DHS) was used in 7 cases,locking proximal femoral plate (LPFP) in 8 cases,Gamma nail in 2 cases,proximal femoral nail (PFN) in 2 cases and home-made reconstruction nail in 2 cases.Results Mean operation time was 150 minutes (range,100-240 minutes) and mean blood loss was 800 ml (range,400-2,000 ml).There were no serious complications during operation.Mean follow-up was 26 months (range,6-66 months).Bone healing was achieved at mean 4 months (range,3-8 months) in all cases.Harris hip score was (42.1 ±3.2) points (range,36-48 points) before operation and (87.2 ± 3.8) points (range,62-94 points) at the final follow-up,with significant improvement in hip function (P ＜ 0.05).At the final follow-up,no avascular necrosis of the femoral head or hip degeneration occurred and mean neck-shaft angle was 130° (range,110°-142°).Conclusions Once the fracture patients with strong ability of action,massive proximal femoral residuals,and non-serious hip injury,revision PFNA internal fixation with autogenous bone grafting is effective.Complete preoperative evaluation and attention to specific technical details may improve success rate and reduce complications.

Objective To investigate how to control and decrease the number of rejected specimens in order to improve pre-analytical quality.Methods The 40 035 rejected blood specimens from 2007 to 2010 and the rejected body fluid specimens including 162 urine specimens and 167 feces specimens in 2010 in the Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University were analyzed retrospectively.Results were shown by the percentage of rejected specimens in which Pearson x2 test was used to assess the percentage of clotted specimens with different anticoagulant tubes.Results The percentage of rejected specimens collected by syringes with glass tubes or plastic tubes with anticoagulant artificially was 11.58％,which was higher than that of rejected specimens collected by vacuum blood collection system ( 1.33％ ).The percentage of rejected specimens from 2007 to 2010 collected by vacuum blood collection system was 13.29‰,1.49‰,0.76‰ and 0.52‰,respectively,which was decreased year by year.The three main reasons of rejected specimens were specimen clotted,insufficient specimen quantity and improper specimen type,respectively.Specimen clotted was more frequently in sodium citrate anticoagulant tube samples than others (x2 =202.3,P =0.000).The rejected specimens of body fluid specimens were mainly feces specimens without samples.The number of rejected feces specimens was significantly decreased from 2‰ above to 1.5‰ below with the implementations of transparent sample containers.Conclusion Appropriate improvement measures of rejected specimens with clinical communication should be taken by the clinical laboratory to reduce the number of rejected specimens and improve pre-analytical quality.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of the newborns with gastroesophageal reflux (GER),and to compare the complications and outcomes of different degrees of reflux retrospectively. Methods Neo-nates diagnosed with GER by using upper gastrointestinal series admitted to neonatal ward of Peking University First Hospital from August 2008 to September 2017 were enrolled for the study. Data of demographic characteristics,radio-graphic imaging findings,treatment methods and efficacy of therapy of patients were collected. Infants enrolled in this study were followed up for 1 year after being discharged from hospital. The lasting time of reflux symptoms with different degrees of reflux were compared. Results A total of 47 cases of GER were enrolled,of whom 23 cases were male,and 24 cases were female. There were 42 term infants and 5 preterm infants. Their gestational age ranged from 34 to 41 weeks[(38. 9 ± 1. 6)weeks],and birth weight was from 1990 g to 4430 g[(3157. 3 ± 574. 0)g]. The median onset age was 2 days,ranged from 1 to 21 days. The clinical manifestations were recurrent vomiting (40 / 47 cases,85. 1％) and paroxysmal cyanosis (7 / 47 cases,14. 9％). Complications presented as poor weight gain (42 / 47 cases,89. 4％), aspiration pneumonia (24 / 47 cases,51. 1％)and apnea (1 / 47 cases,2. 1％). The findings of upper gastrointestinal imaging assigned the patients into 2 groups,13 cases of mild reflux group and 34 cases of severe reflux group. After po-sitional therapy together with domperidone,44 patients showed improvement of symptoms. After their discharge,the lasting time of reflux symptoms in the mild reflux group was significantly shorter than in the severe group [4 weeks(2 -8 weeks)vs. 8 weeks (2 - 40 weeks)],and the difference was significant(Z = - 2. 336,P < 0. 05). Conclusions Neonates with GER mainly manifest recurrent vomiting,and most of them have a favorable prognosis. The reflux symp-toms last for less time in the mild reflux infants than in the severe patients.

Objective To study the characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in term neonates and the association between the reflux behaviors and gastroesophageal reflux events by multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring retrospectively.Method Full term neonates suspected to have gastroesophageal reflux,admitted to neonatal ward of our Hospital from November 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled for the study.All underwent 24-hour esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (24 h MII-pH) monitoring.They were assigned into physiologic GER group and pathologic GER group.Data of demographic characteristics,clinical symptoms,24 h MII-pH results and indecies for evaluating the association between symptoms and reflux events were collected and analyzed.Result A total of 31 cases were enrolled.The median age of starting 24 MII-pH monitoring was 7 days (range from 2 to 28 days).15 cases were diagnosed with pathologic GER (48.4％),and 16 cases were diagnosed with physiologic GER.The symptoms and signs were persistent vomiting,incessant crying,desaturation (oxygen desaturation) and unexplained transient events (including cyanosis or suspected seizure),case number was 12,9,6,2,and 1 respectively.In the pathologic group,the median of total acid reflux 52 (7 to 80),total weakly acidic reflux 58 (19 to 114);In the physiologic group was 36 (3 to 55),35 (6 to 55) respectively.The neonates in pathologic group had more acidic reflux (both before and after feeding),total weak acid reflux and liquid reflux than physiological GER group,which showed statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).While there was no significant difference in acid reflux time of total,before feeding and after feeding (P ＞0.05).It was proved that the percentage of positive symptom indices of vomiting,postprandial transient events,incessant crying after feeding,and desaturation associated with GER were 100％,100％,66.7％and 33.3％ retrospectively,which indicate that postprandial transient events were associate with GER,and incessant crying,desaturation were partially related to GER.And no association was found between bradycardia and reflux events.Conclusion Pathological GER of term neonates mainly manifest as reflux of weakly acidic and liquid.24 h MII-pH monitoring could detect weakly acidic reflux and weakly alkaline reflux,so it would be the recommended diagnostic tool for neonatal gastroesophageal reflux.Despite vomiting,special attention should be paid to symptoms associated with GER,such as incessant crying,and unexplained transient events et al.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between gender, age, blood collection time, season and changes in cTnT concentration.Methods:In this study, 3548 patients (non-cardiovascular diseases) in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University were selected from 1 January to 31 December 2019. The basic data of the patients were collected, including gender, age, time of blood collection, medical history, clinical diagnosis, and results of cTnT testing. 1 840 males and 1 708 females were finally enrolled, with an age distribution of 65 (53, 75) years. The distribution of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, where non-normally distributed data were expressed as M( Q1, Q3). The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare cTnT concentrations between men and women, and to analyse the influence of gender on cTnT results. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare cTnT levels between gender groups, to analyse the correlation between different times of blood collection, seasons, and other factors and cTnT concentrations. Result:cTnT concentrations increased with age in both males and females over the age of 60 years. cTnT levels were highest in individuals over the age of 90 years (0.028 ng/ml in males and 0.018 ng/ml in females). cTnT levels were higher in males (0.012 ng/ml) than in females (0.009 ng/ml) in all age groups ( H=6.340, P<0.01). The concentrations of cTnT varied at different time points of blood collection. In both males and females, cTnT concentrations reached a maximum at 8:00 and 13:00 (0.013 ng/ml and 0.012 ng/ml, respectively). Analysis of the physiological effect of season on cTnT secretion showed that cTnT levels were generally higher in spring and winter(0.012 ng/ml) than in summer and autumn(0.010 ng/ml). Conclusions:cTnT concentration is influenced by gender, age, time of blood collection and season. When analysing cTnT results in clinical practice, the gender and age of the individual should be taken into account, as well as the time point of blood collection and seasonal factors.

OBJECTIVETo access the antibody persistence 24-month after revaccination with 3-dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among non-response adults.

METHODSA total of 24 237 healthy adults who had no histories of hepatitis B infection and hepatitis B vaccination, resided in the local area for more than six months and were aged 18-49 years were selected from 79 villages of Zhangqiu county, Shandong province, China in 2009. Blood samples were obtained and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were detected using ELISA method. A total of 11 590 persons who were negative for all of these indicators were divided into four groups by cluster sampling methods. Each group was vaccinated with one of the following four types of HepB at 0-, 1-, 6-months schedule: 20 µg HepB derived in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (HepB-SC), 20 µg HepB derived in Chinese hamster ovary cell (HepB-CHO), 10 µg HepB-SC and 10 µg HepB derived in Hansenula Polymorpha (HepB-HP). Blood samples were collected one month after the third dose of primary immunization and tested for anti-HBs using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The non-responders were revaccinated with three doses of HepB at 0-, 1-, 6-months schedule and the type of HepB was the same as which was used for primary immunization. Blood samples were collected one month (T1) and two years (T24) after revaccination and anti-HBs, antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and hepatitis B surface angtigen (HBsAg) (if anti-HBs < 10 mU/ml) were detected by CMIA. χ(2) test was used to compared age, gender and body mass index (BMI) between different groups and the anti-HBs positive rate at T1 and T24; analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HBs between difference groups. The risk factors associated with positive rate of anti-HBs and GMC of anti-HBs were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis and multifactor linear regression model analysis respectively.

RESULTSA total of 900 non-responders were identified and 71.7% (645/900) of them completed three-dose revaccination and blood collection after revaccination. 467 (72.4%) non-responsive adults were followed up at T24. The anti-HBs positive rate decreased from 85.65% (95% CI: 82.14%-88.71%) at T1 to 60.60% (95% CI: 56.01%-65.06%) at T24 and the corresponding GMC decreased from 175.62 (95% CI: 139.03-221.84) mU/ml to 21.43 (95% CI: 17.62-26.06) mU/ml. Multivariate analysis showed that positive rate of anti-HBs at T24 was associated with gender, HepB type for revaccination and anti-HBs level at T1, but only anti-HBs level at T1 was associated with the anti-HBs titer at T24. No subject showed HBsAg seroconversion and anti-HBc conversion rate was 3.64% (17/467) at T24.

CONCLUSIONAnti-HBs titer decreases rapidly two years after HepB revaccination among non-responsive adults, but more than half non-responderd still kept anti-HBs above protective level. The immunity durability after revaccination was associated with gender, HepB type for revaccination and anti-HBs titer one month after revaccination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Body Mass Index ; CHO Cells ; China ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; classification ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pichia ; Risk Factors ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Seroconversion ; Vaccination ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the 24-month efficacy after booster vaccination with 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine among low-response adults in Zhangqiu county of Shandong province.

METHODSA total of 24 237 adults aged 18-49 years old, never received HepB vaccination, without HBV infection history, and had been living at 3 towns of Zhangqiu county in Shandong province for more than half a year in september, 2009, were collected blood samples of 3-5 ml. A total of 11 590 adults who were negative for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) , antibody to HBsAg (Anti-HBs) and antibody to HBV core antigen (Anti-HBc), were divided into four groups randomly and were vaccinated following the schedule of 0-1-6 with 20 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid techniques in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HepB-SC), 20 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by Chinese hamster ovary cell (HepB-CHO), 10 µg HepB-SC and 10 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid techniques in Hansenula Polymorpha (HepB-HP), respectively. The adults who were low-response to the primary hepatitis B vaccination (10 mU/ml ≤ anti-HBs<100 mU/ml) were divided into four groups by cluster random sampling. These groups were revaccinated with 3-dose of above-mentioned four kinds of HepB respectively. Blood samples were drawn from 1 month (T1) and 24 month (T24) after the 3 dose revaccination, respectively. Anti-HBs and anti-HBc was detected by Chemiluminescence Microparticle Imunoassay (CMIA).

RESULTSOut of the 8 592 adults who have accepted the primary vaccination of hepatitis B and been collected the blood samples, 1 306 subjects showed low-response. A total of 718 low-response subjects were collected blood samples after T1 and T24 following 3 doses of booster vaccination. The proportion of the four groups was 32.3% (232/718), 25.8% (185/718) , 19.3% (139/718) , 22.6% (162/718) , respectively. The average proportion of anti-HBs ≥ 100 mIU/ml were decreased from 77.58% after T1 to 35.63% after T24 (χ² = 256.87, P < 0.01). The proportion of anti-HBs ≥ 100 mIU/ml in T24 were 38.8% (90/177), 39.5% (73/185), 25.2% (35/139) and 35.8% (58/162) in four groups, respectively. The proportion of anti-HBs>100 mIU/ml in T24 was significantly different among groups (χ² = 8.81, P = 0.032). The average geometric mean concentration (GMC) was significantly reduced from 443.53 mIU/ml after T1 to 48.98 mIU/ml after T24 (F = 439.41, P < 0.01). The GMC was 60.26 (45.71-77.62), 1.29 (38.90-69.18) , 35.48 (25.70-48.98) and 46.77 (33.88-6.07) mIU/ml in four groups, respectively (F = 1.97, P = 0.117) . Compared with vaccinated 20 µg HepB-SC, the proportion of anti-HBs ≥ 100 mIU/ml and GMC was 0.56 (0.35-0.91) and -0.20 (-0.39--0.02) times. The positive of HBsAg was not found and the positive rate of anti-HBc was 2.6% (18/692) in T24.

CONCLUSIONProtective antibody following booster vaccination with three doses of hepatitis B vaccines among low-response adults after 2 years fade faster. Antibody level of anti-HBs in T24 was corrected with the booster vaccine type and age. 20 µgHepB-SC seemed better than 10 µg HepB-SC.

Adult ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cricetulus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary ; Pichia ; Vaccination