Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) injections boast a definite efficacy and have been widely used in clinic. However, the problems in medication safety have been attracted increasing attention. Pharmacokinetics is of significance to guiding TCM injection administration regimen design and improving safety and effectiveness in clinical use. In recent years, with the improvement of ideas, technology and methods of TCM studies, the pharmacokinetic studies of TCM injections have been broadly performed, with a notable progress. This paper reviewed the advance in pharmacokinetics studies of TCM injections in recent ten years, which mainly focused on pre-clinical concentration-time course, distribution, metabolism and excretion in vivo based on analysis techniques, pharmacokinetic interactions of constitutes, impact of pathological state, pharmacokinetic interactions between TCM injection and chemical drugs, and clinical pharmacokinetics studies of TCM injections, in the expectation of providing reference for studies on quality control, product development and rational clinical use of TCM injections.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo investigate the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory subunit alpha (PIK3R1）gene in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）.

METHODSSurgical specimens of liver cancer and corresponding pericancerous liver tissue were collected from 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Expression of p85α, encoded by PIK3R1, in HCC tissue specimens was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. HCC HepG2 cells were transfected with PIK3R1 siRNA or PIK3R1-cDNA. The expression of PIK3R1 in transfected HepG2 cells or control cells were detected by real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT, colony formation assays and flow cytometry respectively. The expression of PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe expression of p85α in liver tissue was higher than that in pericancerous tissues (1.27±0.58 vs 0.99±0.47，t=-3.25，P<0.05）. The expression of PIK3R1 was decreased by 0.19±0.03 fold in PIK3R1siRNA-transfected HepG2 cells(t=46.77，P<0.05)，and increased by 32.36±3.33 fold in PIK3R1 cDNA -transfected cells（t=-16.31， P<0.05）. MTT result showed that PIK3R1 siRNA inhibited growth of HepG2 cells （0.611±0.072 vs 0.807±0.059，t=3.65，P<0.05），while PIK3R1 cDNA increased the cell growth（0.937±0.060 vs 0.693±0.065，t=-4.78，P<0.05）. PIK3R1 siRNA transfected cells presented lower colony-forming efficiency than control group（3.8%±0.84% vs 15.0%±2.3%，t=7.92，P<0.05），while PIK3R1 cDNA transfected cells had higher colony-forming efficiency than control group (23.6%±3.4% vs 12.0%±1.5%，t=-5.40，P<0.05）. PIK3R1 siRNA reduced the ratio of S phase cells（13.9%±0.015% vs 32.9%±0.07%，t=45.97，P<0.01, while PIK3R1 cDNA increased S phase cells（56.33%±0.024% vs 31.94%±0.042%，t=-8.73，P<0.01）. PIK3R1 increased the level of p-AKT and decreased p53 level. CONCLUSION：p85α is highly expressed in HCC，and PIK3R1 gene may promote proliferation of HepG2 cells by activating PI3K/AKT pathway.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; genetics ; Proteins ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection

Seventy two patients with initial cerebral infarction admitted in the Second Hospital of Jiaxing from March 2017 to October 2017 were enrolled. Patients underwent conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for two-dimensional echo grading and neovascularization grading of carotid artery plaques respectively. There were 113 carotid plaques in 72 patients with cerebral infarction,27 cases recurred after 1 years with 44 patches. The echo grading of recurrence group was mainly grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ,the number of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ plaques was 23,18,and 3,respectively. The echo grading of non-recurrence group was mainly grade Ⅲ,the number of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ plaques was 36,23,and 40,respectively. The echo grading of carotid artery plaque between the two groups was significantly different (P<0.05). The grade of carotid neovascularization in recurrence group was mainly grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ,the number of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ plaques was 2,5,27 and 10,respectively. The echo grading of non-recurrence group was mainly grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ,the number of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ plaques was 24,52,14 and 9,respectively. There was significant difference in the grade of carotid neovascularization between the two groups (P<0.05). The area under curve(AUC) of echo grade<Ⅱ,echo grade<Ⅲ,neovascularization grade>Ⅰ,neovascularization grade>Ⅱ and neovascularization grade>Ⅲ in predicting the recurrence of cerebral infarction were 0.553,0.641,0.587,0.793 and 0.557,respectively,the AUC of neovascularization grade>Ⅱ was significantly higher than the other four criteria (P<0.01). The recurrence curves of carotid plaques with different neovascularization grades were significantly different (χ²=49.18,P<0.01). Carotid plaque vulnerability evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is an effective indicator for predicting recurrence of cerebral infarction.

Objective To estimate the accuracy of MR angiography(MRA) and CT angiography(CTA) in the evaluation of the carotid artery stenosis. Methods Eleven patients were studied with MRA and CTA. The results were compared with DSA, CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE), and Doppler ultrasound (DUS). MRA was performed with 2D and 3D TOF sequences. CTA was postprocessed using MIP and SSD. CTVE was performed using navigator function . Three patients with severe stenosis received carotid endarterectomy. Results There was a total of 22 carotid arteries studied, with 8 mild, 3 moderate, 5 severe stenosis, 1 occlusion, and 5 normal. Agreement on stenosis between CTA and DSA was found in 11 of 12 carotid arteries. Agreement on stenosis between MRA and DSA was found in 9. Plaques were delineated in CTA, CTVE, and confirmed by pathology in 3 cases. Postoperative MRA and CTA proved the release of stenosis. Conclusion MRA and DUS can be used as a screening technique to evaluate carotid artery stenosis and as a convenient follow up modality for post endarterectomy. CTA has a high degree of accuracy for the assessment of carotid artery stenosis compared with DSA, and it could provide information on calcified plaque.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of combined detection of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),homocysteine(HCY) and blood lipids in the patients with heart failure.Methods The levels of serum BNP,HCY,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoA,ApoB and Lpa were detected in 100 patients with heart failure (observation group) and contemporaneous 100 persons (control group) undergoing healthy physical examination.Then the comparative analysis was performed.Results Compared with the control group,the BNP and HCY levels in the observation group were significantly increased(P＜0.05);among 7 indicators of the blood lipid,the Lpa level in the observation group was increased compared with the control group,while the TC,HDL-C and LDL-C levels were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the TG,ApoA and ApoB levels had no statistical differences between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Serum BNP,HCY,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and Lpa levels have close correlation with heart failure,especially the combined detection of BNP,HCY and Lpa,which has predictive and diagnostic value in heart failure and is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Objective To explore a safe and effective hyperthermia interventional therapy temperature for hepatic carcinoma. Methods Eight swines were divided into four groups according to trans-arterial hyperthermic perfusion temperature, 45 ?C , 50 ?C ,55 ?C , and 60 ?C (catheter flowing temperature) groups. The hepatic and renal functions and blood coagulation function were examined before and after the procedur and then all swines were sacrificed and the livers were pathologically analysed,simultoneously with the evaluation of the safe hyperthermic temperature 35 hepatic carcinomas were carried out under this interventional hyperthermochemotherapy via the arterial catheter (80 cm, 5F) placed into the tumoral artery with the perfusion agents warmed to 60～65 ?C (catheter flowing temperature was 47.55?0.44 ?C ). Results The hyperthermic coagulation necrosis, hepatic dysfunction level and fever were found after 55 ?C and 60 ?C hyperthermic perfusion while those of 45 ?C and 50 ?C groups basically remained normal. The tumor growth rate and total efficacy rate were -(0.35?0.32) and 79.2%, respectively, and 0.5, 1, 1.5 year survival rates were 100%, 80%, 60% respectively after follow-up. The adverse effects of the interventional hyperthermochemotherapy was similar to the routine TACE. Conclusions 45 ?C and 50 ?C (catheter flowing temperature) hyperthermochemotherapy for hepatic carcinoma is safe and effective.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention on cerebral trauma patients in recovery phase. Methods 156 cerebral trauma patients who had more than 6 months course of disease received rehabilitation training and nursing care, and their activities of daily living (ADL) were accessed by modified Barthel index. Results The score of ADL in patients who had course of disease about 6~12 months was lower than patients who had more than 12 months course (P<0.05) before nursing care. The scores improved in both groups after nursing care (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation training and nursing care may facilitate the recovery of ADL of cerebral trauma patients in recovery phase.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of solanine on apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and explore the related mechanism.

Objective:To explore the effects of action observation training based on mirror neuron system on motor function of upper extremities in stroke patients. Methods:From June, 2016 to June, 2017, 61 stroke patients were randomly assigned to control group (n = 30) and observation group (n = 31). They all accepted routine rehabilitation, and the observation group received action observation therapy in addition, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities, modified Ashworth Scale and modified Barthel Index before and after treatment. Results:All the indexes improved in both groups after treatment (|t| > 2.651, P < 0.05), and improved more in the observation group than in the control group (|t| > 2.048, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The action observation training may further improve the upper extremity motor function in stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of informationized closed-loop management in the consultation of over-dose narcotics. METHODS Since November 2021， the informationized consultation mode of over-dose narcotics had been established innovatively in our hospital on the basis of the previous process of over-dose narcotics use； the consultation mode of over-dose narcotics transformed from paper to information. The standardized rate of consultation for over-dose narcotics， the waiting time of consultation for patients using over-dose narcotics were compared before （from January to April 2021） and after the improvement （from November 2021 to February 2022）. RESULTS The informationized closed-loop management of over-dose narcotics consultation in our hospital was realized by improving hospital information system （maintaining basic information， embedding relevant reminder and consultation modules， and establishing query and statistics functions） and introducing mobile terminal. After establishing the mode， the standardized rate of the consultation increased from 55.56% to 93.75%； the waiting time for consultation was shortened from （20.61±9.77） min to （5.87±2.45） min. CONCLUSIONS The informationized closed-loop management can effectively improve the standardization rate of consultations for over-dose narcotics and reduce the waiting time for consultation for patients using over-dose narcotics.