This study compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between National Health Strategy in America and Healthy China 2030 from three aspects, namely the strategic goals, the main contents, and the leading health indicators.Considering China's social and economic environment, this paper proposes the following suggestions: 1) to emphasize the relevance, dynamics and continuity of health strategy;2) to focus on key population on the basis of full coverage;3) to identify the focus of each phase of implementation;and 4) to highly think of the establishment of systems, including information system, operational supervision system and evaluation index system, etc.These suggestions are meant to provide inspiration to the introduction and further development of the China's national health strategy.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of a combination of artemether and daphnetin against Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in mice. Methods Groups of P. berghei infected mice were treated with various oral doses of artemether and daphnetin according to “4-day suppress assay”. Thin blood smears were made on the fifth day after inoculation of parasites and the parasitemia reduction rate was calculated. The ED 50 values obtained were plotted on isobolograms. A combined action of artemether and daphnetin was assessed. Results Artemether 0.4mg/(kg?d)?4d exhibited no detectable antimalarial effect, while artemether 0.4mg/(kg?d)?4d combined with daphnetin 7.7 mg/kg.d?4d showed potent antiparasile efficacy. The ED 50s of artemether in combination with daphnetin were lower than that of single artemether or daphnetin. The R-values were higher than 0.4, but lower than 2.7. Conclusion The combination of artemether with daphnetin showed an additive antiparasile effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene of diacylglycerol kinase κ (DGKK) in hypospadias in Chinese children.

METHODSWe performed direct sequencing on 2 hypospadias-related candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms of the DGKK gene (rs1934179 and rs7063116, never previously reported in the Chinese population) from 300 children with sporadic hypospadias and 200 healthy controls, and compared the results between the two groups.

RESULTSThe mutation frequencies of rs1934179 and rs7063116 were 5.0% (15/300) and 5.67% (17/300) respectively in the hypospadias patients, significantly higher than 1.5% (3/200) and 2.0% (4/200) in the normal controls (P <0.05). The mutation frequencies of rs1934179 and rs7063116 in the cases of distal and middle hypospadias were also remarkably higher (6.5%, [13/200] and 7.5% [15/200], P <0.05), but those in the proximal cases (both 2.0% [2/100]) showed no statistically significant difference from the control (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphisms of the DGKK gene may be associated with hypospadias, particularly distal and middle hypospadias, in Chinese children.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; Diacylglycerol Kinase ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; enzymology ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Severe pneumonia is a common disease in intensive care unit (ICU), which is characterized by acute onset, poor prognosis, and can cause multiple systems dysfunction. For critical ill patients, in a state of stress, catabolism is increased, and nutritional risk is extremely high. Proper nutrition treatment can reduce the decomposition of own tissues in the stress period and supplement the protein and energy needed by the body′s metabolism. Therefore, the nutritional treatment of severe pneumonia patients is particularly important. This paper mainly reviews the nutritional literatures of severe pneumonia and critical ill patients in recent years, in order to provide more appropriate nutritional treatment for severe pneumonia patients.

OBJECTIVE: To valuate test results of normal hearing persons with different ages using disyllabic mandarin speech test materials (MSTMs). Obtaining speech recognition threshold (SRT) and P-I function of different ages as clinical reference of hearing recovery and individual's ability to perceive and process speech. METHOD: One hundred and twenty subjects with normal hearing who speak mandarin well in their daily lives were enrolled in this study and divided into four groups (18-30, 31-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years old). Nine lists of disyllabic mandarin speech test materials with equal difficulty were utilized to test each age group. RESULT: There are good agreement between SRT and mean PTA thresholds (at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz) in each age group. PTA thresholds have little change as age increasing in age group 18-30, 31-40 and 41-50 (P > 0.05). PTA threshold of age group 51-60 increases more apparently compared with the other three groups (P < 0.01). SRT thresholds of each age group increase as age increasing (P < 0.05) and SRT threshold of age group 51-60 increases more apparently (P < 0.01). Slopes of P-I function in each age group are 5.8%/dB, 4.7%/dB, 3.8%/dB, 2.9%/dB respectively. CONCLUSION Nine lists of disyllabic MSTMs were used to test normal hearing persons in different ages and SRT and P-I function of four different age groups were obtained. As age increases, SRT increases and slope of P-1 functions decreases. PTA and SRT thresholds of age group 51-60 increase more apparently. The SRT and P-I functions provide reference data of normal hearing for utilizing of disyllabic mandarin speech test materials clinically.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phonetics ; Reference Values ; Speech Reception Threshold Test ; Young Adult

Lung cancer is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates and invasiveness, and its occurrence and development are influenced by various factors. Mitochondria, as ubiquitous organelles in the human body, regulate cellular processes, such as metabolism, signal transduction, oxidative stress, and genomic instability, thereby affecting the initiation and progression of lung cancer. This article summarizes the recent research progress on mitochondrial-targeted drugs, mitochondrial transfer, and mitochondrial gene therapy for lung cancer treatment. This work also discusses the principles and prospects of mitochondrial therapy to provide new insights for lung cancer treatment.

OBJECTIVETo develope a tree analysis pattern of mass spectral urine profiles to discriminate bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) from non-cancer lesions using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) technology.

METHODSUrine samples from 61 bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCCs) patients, 53 healthy volunteers and 42 patients with other urogenital diseases were analyzed using IMAC-Cu-3 ProteinChip. Proteomic spectra were generated by SELDI-TOF- MS. A preliminary "training" set of spectra derived from analysis of urine from 46 TCC patients, 32 patients with benign urogenital diseases (BUD), and 40 age-matched unaffected healthy men were used to train and develop a decision tree classification algorithm which identified a fine-protein mass pattern that discriminated cancers from non-cancers effectively. A blinded test set including 38 cases was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the classification system.

RESULTSThe algorithm identified a cluster pattern that, in the training set, segregated cancer from non-cancer with a sensitivity of 84.8% and specificity of 91.7%. The discriminatory pattern was correctly identified. A sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 87% for the blinded test were obtained when compared the TCC versus non-cancers.

CONCLUSIONSELDI-TOF-MS technology is a rapid, convenient and high-throughput analyzing method. The urine tree analysis proteomic pattern as a screening tool is effective for differential diagnosis of bladder cancer. More detailed studies are needed to further evaluate the clinical value of this pattern.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; diagnosis ; urine ; Cystitis ; diagnosis ; urine ; Decision Trees ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; diagnosis ; urine ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; urine

There has been a large number of related literature reports on sleep disorders, but in pediatrics, especially for children aged 0-5 years old, sleep disorders have not received enough attention.In order to raise pediatricians′ awareness of sleep disorders in children aged 0-5 years old, the relevant studies during the past 10 years have been reviewed, and the clinical manifestations and treatments were summarized.The clinical manifestations of sleep disorders in infants aged 0-5 years old are not typical and the incidence is high.Sleep disorders have profound effects on the cognitive and behavioral development of children aged 0-5 years old.

This paper reviewed international documents of disability statistics. The results showed that all disability measurements had been adopted International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) terminology and approach. Disability statistics in US tailored to ICF framework and classification. Disability statistics in China had partially adopted ICF approach.