Objective: To observe the effects of exposure to white noise on the procession of learning and memory, and the expression of NOS (nitric oxide synthase) in hippocampus of rats Method: 20 rats were randomly divided into two groups for observation of spatial learning and memory, one group exposed to 80 dB white noise during Y-maze training, the other group received Y-maze training under normal condition Another 24 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, they experienced normal Y-maze training, noise Y-maze training and sole noise as control respectively Immunohistochemical assay was used to investigate the expression of NOS positive neurons Result: Noise hampered the ability of rats' spatial learning and memory, furthermore, the number of NOS positive neurons in hippocampus of noise training group was less than that of normal training group Conclusion: The activity of NOS positive neuron in hippocampus was decreased by exposure to noise, suggesting the inhibition of learning dependent long term procession in hippocampus and corresponding difficulty in obtaining and maintaining of memory

Objective: To investigate psychopathology and diagnostic efficiency with MMPI-2 in patients with stress disorder (SD). Methods: MMPI-2s were administered to twenty-nine patients with acute stress disorder (ASD), fourteen patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and forty-four well-adjusted trauma survivors. Results: Patients with ASD obtained significantly higher scores on F, Fb, Fp, Pa, Pt, Sc and Ma and lower on K, S than controls. PTSD patients scored significantly higher on F, Fb, Fp, Hs, D, Hy, Pa, Pt and Sc and lower on S than controls. There were significant differences in scores of Hs, D and Hy between patients with ASD and with PTSD. M678 code type was found as the mean profile for SD patients. Discriminate analysis indicated that Pa and Sc were the most important variables and it successfully classified 83.9% and 72.0% respectively in training sample and cross-validation sample. Conclusion: Patients with SD and trauma survivors show significantly different psychopathology and there were also differences between patients with ASD and with PTSD. MMPI-2 scales especially Pa and Sc were sensitive to posttraumatic stress symptoms.

Objective: To investigate psychopathology and diagnostic efficiency with MMPI- PK scale for patients with stress disorder(SD). Methods: MMPI- 2s were administered to forty- three in patients with SD and forty- four well- adjusted trauma survivors as controls. Results: Patients with SD obtained significantly higher PK scores than controls. Gender, types of traumatic events and types of diagnoses for patients with SD did not substantially influence PK scores. When an optimal cut- off point of 17 was utilized, sensitivity and specificity obtained by PK assessment are respectively 94.9% and 66.7%. Conclusion: Patients with SD and trauma survivors show significantly different psychopathology. PK scale was sen- sitive to the assessment of posttraumatic stress symptoms though it produced more false- positive than false- negative errors.

Objective: To investigate validities of MMPI- 2 measures of general maladjustment in people who had expe- rienced traumatic events. Methods: Participants were 43 patients with stress disorder (SD) and 44 well- adjusted trauma survivors(TS). Validities of 7 MMPI- 2 measures of general maladjustment were compared with the mean scores on 8 clini- cal scales (M8), which were considered as the criterion measure of general maladjustment. Results: Patients with SD ob- tained significantly higher scores on 6 measures and M8 than TS. Most of the measures were significantly related to M8 in both groups. Although F and PK sometimes added significantly to the variance accounting for the criterion measure, Pt added significantly and meaningfully to each of the other MMPI- 2 measure in predicting maladjustment. Conclusion: The results support the use of the MMPI- 2 as a measure of general maladjustment in trauma survivors. Pt emerges consistently as a good indicator of general maladjustment.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of a combination of artemether and daphnetin against Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain in mice. Methods Groups of P. berghei infected mice were treated with various oral doses of artemether and daphnetin according to “4-day suppress assay”. Thin blood smears were made on the fifth day after inoculation of parasites and the parasitemia reduction rate was calculated. The ED 50 values obtained were plotted on isobolograms. A combined action of artemether and daphnetin was assessed. Results Artemether 0.4mg/(kg?d)?4d exhibited no detectable antimalarial effect, while artemether 0.4mg/(kg?d)?4d combined with daphnetin 7.7 mg/kg.d?4d showed potent antiparasile efficacy. The ED 50s of artemether in combination with daphnetin were lower than that of single artemether or daphnetin. The R-values were higher than 0.4, but lower than 2.7. Conclusion The combination of artemether with daphnetin showed an additive antiparasile effect.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the cognitive appraisal,coping style and the mental health of military personnel. Methods: 370 military personnel were assessed with Life Event Inventory for Compulsory Servicemen of Land Army(LEI-CSLA), Social Support Scale, General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). Results: The results showed that the recruits and the old soldiers both had good mental health levels. Compared with the old soldiers, the recruits’ were better, and had significant difference in life events and objective social support. Life events and negative coping style had significant negative correlations with psychological health(r=-0.543, r=-0.382, P

Objective:To study the characteristic of P300 elicited by the Oddball pattern among the depressed patients.Methods:Twelve untreated young depressed patients and sixteen normal people as a control group participated.Auditory P300 and novel P300 were induced and recorded under the Oddball pattern.Results:The depressed patients’ reaction time(755?244ms) to the target stimuli was significantly longer than that of the control group(386?114ms).As compared with the normal,the depressed patients’ amplitudes of P3b in the parietal(P

Objective To analyze the test results of persons with noise -induced hearing loss using disyllabic Mandarin speech test materials (MSTMs) .Methods 57 subjects with noise -induced hearing loss (noise group) were divided into three groups according to the duration of noise exposure :less than 10 years ,between 11 and 20 years and more than 20 years ,and also separated into 2 groups in terms of the degrees of hearing loss (group A :pure tone average thresholds of 0 .5 ,1 ,2 ,and 4 kHz less than or equal to 30 dB HL ,group B:pure tone average threshold of 0 .5 ,1 ,2 ,and 4 kHz greater than 30 dB HL) .66 subjects with normal hearing were in the control group .All the subjects enrolled in this study could speak Mandarin well in their daily life .Nine lists of disyllabic Mandarin speech test materials were utilized to test SRT and P -I function for these groups respectively .Results PTA and SRT in the noise group were much higher than the control group ,the average slope of P -I function was 5 .94% /dB ,and the curve of P-I function moved to the right side .SRT showed obvious changes as the increase of the years of noise exposure and especially in the group which had more than 20 years noise exposure (P<0 .01) . SRT of group B which had more hearing loss were greater than that of group A (P<0 .01) .Conclusion SRTs in the noise group are much higher than the control group with the average slope of P -I functions decreasing and the curve moving to the right side .As the years of noise exposure increase and the degrees of hearing loss become more severe ,SRT rise more apparently .

BACKGROUND: Emerging studies have focused on cell transplantation. Schwann cells (SCs) can secrete various neurotrophic factors and improve local environment around injury. Plenty of documents have demonstrated that SCs could promote functional recovery following spinal injury. Many transplanting methods are available for treating spinal cord injury, and the intravenous cell transplantation is profitable for easy operation and avoidance of additional trauma. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intravenous transplantation of SCs on spinal cord injury in rats. METHODS: The bilateral sciatic nerves of Wistar rats were separated in vitro, cultured by tissue clot method, identified by S-100 and labeled by Hoechst33342. Sixty rat models with T10 spinal cord injury were prepared using impactor model- II type weight drop apparatus. Then the injured rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: blank control, DMEM control and SCs transplantation groups. No treatment was performed in the blank control group. Totally 1 mL DMEM and or SCs was injected into rats of DMEM control and SCs transplantation groups by tail vein respectively. Basso Beattie Bresnahan (B6B) scores were performed at 1 day before and 1, 3 days, 1 week and weekly after operation. The migration of transplanted SCs was observed at 2 weeks and 4 after transplantation. The expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were detected by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immune-fluorescence staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The purity of SCs reached 95%. Hoechst33342 positive cells were observed throughout the injured and the nearby region of spinal cord at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after transplantation. The statistical difference of BBB score among the SCs transplantation, blank control, and the DMEM control groups displayed at 4 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05), and the BBB scores of the SCs transplantation were higher than other groups. Haematoxylin-eosin staining showed the cavity formed in each group at 8 weeks after transplantation, but the area of SCs transplantation was smaller than that of the blank control and DMEM control groups. The immunofluorescence staining indicated that the expression of GFAP were more intense in the blank control group and DMEM control than SCs transplantation (P < 0.05), while the expression of NSE was more intense in SCs transplantation than other groups (P< 0.05). It implied that intravenous transplantation of SCs promotes regeneration of axon and improves neurological functions after spinal cord injury in rats.

BACKGROUND:Schwann cells can secrete various neurotrophic factors,and promote functional recovery of injured spinal cord.However,xenogenic Schwann cells transplantation may induce autoimmune response.Moreover,local transplantation results in secondary injury.Vein transplantation may reached injury site passing the blood spinal cord barrier,but the treatment concentration is not effective.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effects of transplantation of autologous activated Schwann Cells(AASCs)via subarachnoid space on spinal cord injury(SCI)in rats.METHODS:A total of 66 rats were used to establish SCI models,and the model rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.The unilateral saphenous nerves of rats were ligated directly for 1 week to activate Schwann cells,but inactivated and model control groups were not subjected to nerve ligation.1 cm nerve was excised from distal end of each group,and Schwann cells were isolated and cultured by tissue mass method.The AASCs,autologous Schwann cells(ASCs)were injected with corresponding Hoechst33342-labeted SCs suspension,but the model control group was injected with DMEM injection.The basso beattie bresnahan(BBB)score and footprint analysis,as well as HE and GFAP immunohistochemistry staining were performed to evaluate functional recovery of rat hind limbs.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:On 4 weeks after injury,BBB scores of AASCs were significantly superior to the other groups (P＜0.05).Two weeks after transplantation,some SCs migrated to injured spinal cord.Compared with ASCs group,the center distance of forward and hind feet and extorsion angle of the third toe of hind limb were significantly reduced in the AASCs group at 5 weeks(P＜0.05),the glial scar area was significantly decreased at 13 weeks(P＜0.05),and the cavity area of injured region was signiflcentJy diminished(P＜0.05).Results show that AASCs transplantation via subarachnoid space promoted functional recovery after SCI in rats.