OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of traditional Chinese compound recipes (TCCRs) with different efficacy on body weight, tumor weight and immune function in H22 cancer-bearing mice. METHODS: H(22) cancer-bearing mice were chosen to observe the effects of TCCRs with different efficacy on tumor growth inhibition and detect the proliferation function of T lymphocytes, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, the changes of T lymphocytes and the content of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)and interleukin-4 (IL-4). RESULTS: Tumor weight of H(22) cancer-bearing mice in Yidu Gongdu Recipe (YDGDR, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine using poison as an antidote for poison)-treated group was obviously lighter than that in the other TCCR-treated groups and the tumor inhibition rate in YDGDR-treated group was 65.76% (P<0.01). The tumor inhibition rates in other TCCR-treated groups were ranged from 10.1% to 17.1% . Body weight of mice in YDGDR-treated group was obviously decreased and depilation was observed at the same time. Pelage of mice in Fuzheng Peiben Recipe (FZPBR, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for supporting the healthy energy)-treated group grew well, and behavior of the mice was active. Stimulation index (SI) of T lymphocyte transformation in YDGDR-treated group was obviously increased (SI=4.34, P<0.01), which showed the proliferation function of T lymphocyte was very strong. The SI of T lymphocyte transformation in the other groups was less than three, which showed the proliferation function of T lymphocytes was not significant. Compared with normal saline (NS)-treated group, percentages of NK cells in Qinre Jiedu Recipe (QRJDR, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for clearing away heat and toxic substances)-treated, Huxue Huayu Recipe (HXHYR, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis)-treated and YDGDR-treated groups were obviously increased and 5.05, 4.07 and 5.17 times more than the NS-treated group, respectively (P<0.01). The activity of NK cells wasn't increased in the FZPBR-treated and HXHYR-treated groups. The production of IFN-gamma induced by T cells in YDGDR-treated group was obviously raised (P<0.05), and the production of IL-4 induced by T cells in QRJDR-treated, HXHYR-treated, Huatan Sanjie Recipe (a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for eliminating phlegm and resolving masses)-treated and YDGDR-treated groups was also raised obviously (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: YDGDR has a good effect of inhibiting tumor growth and can reinforce cellular and humoral immune function in tumor-bearing mice. FZPBR can strengthen the body.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms of tumor inhibiting and immunoloregulation of Mylabris Mixture on H22 cancer-bearing mice. METHODS: H22 cancer-bearing mice were chosen to observe the effects of tumor inhibiting and detect the proliferation function of T lymphocytes, the toxicity function of NK cells, the changes of T lymphocytes and the contents of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4. RESULTS: Mylabris Mixture could obviously inhibit the growth of H22 cancer in mice, and the tumor inhibition rat was 65.76%. The stimulation index of T lymphocyte transformation and percentage of NK cells in Mylabris Mixture-treated group were obviously higher than those in the normal control group. The subpopulation proportion of T lymphocytes in Mylabris Mixture-treated group was changed more than the normal control group. The production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 by T lymphocytes obviously increased in Mylabris Mixture-treated group (P<0.05, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Mylabris Mixture has the effect of inhibiting the growth of tumor constitution, and regulating immunological function on mice with tumor. Its mechanisms include the reinforcement of T lymphocyte immune function, NK cell killing function and humoral immune function.

OBJECTIVETo use a rat model of nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) to observe effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a (PPAR-a) agonist fenofibrate on hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

METHODSSixty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were given adaptive feeding for 1 week and then randomly allocated into the following three groups: unmodeled control (group C,n =18), untreated NAFLD model (group M, n =24), and fenofibrate-treated NAFLD model (group F, n =24).Group C rats were given a normal diet, while group M and group F rats were given a high-fat diet. After model establishment, the group F rats were treated with fenofibrate (10 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal) and the group C and group M rats were given sham-treatment with cosolvent (5 mL/kg/d, intraperitoneal). At the end of treatment weeks 4, 6 and 8, one-third of rats in each group were euthanized.Liver tissues were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to determine level of steatosis and inflammaion activity, and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling to measure changes in hepatocyte apoptosis index. Changes in expression levels of the PPAR-a receptor and apoptosis factors (bcl-2, bax and caspase-3) were assessed by reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe NAFLD modeled rats showed appropriate induction of hepatic steatosis, hepatic inflammation, and hepatocyte apoptosis. Compared to the group M rats, the group F rats showed lower expression of PPAR-and bcl-2 and higher expression of bax and caspase-3 at both the mRNA and protein level.

CONCLUSIONFenofibrate can ameliorate hepatic steatosis in an experimental rat model of NAFLD, and the mechanism may be associated with inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fenofibrate ; pharmacology ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; pathology ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To test anti-Sa antibody in different autoimmune connective tissue diseases and analyze the relationship between Sa antibody and clinical manifestations and laboratory tests in rheumatoid arthritis.Method Sa antigen was extracted from human placenta. Anti-Sa antibody was tested in 40 normal people and 478 connective tissue disease (CTD) patients using Western Blotting (WB). Conclusion Anti-Sa antibody was a new auto-antibody for the diagnosis of RA. Anti-Sa antibody positive patients seem to have more serious inflammation and more advanced disease process.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and associated factors of prevention of motherto-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in Hubei Province,and to provide a reference for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.Methods In this prospective cohort study,HIV-positive pregnant women who were in some counties and cities of Hubei Province from January 2004 to December 2016 were enrolled.Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV was conducted for these HIV-positive pregnant women and their infants,and their clinical data were collected.Descriptive analysis and x2 test were used to analyze the general characteristics of HIV-positive pregnant women and their infants.Logistic regression analysis was adopted to explore the associated factors of mother-to-child HIV transmission.Results In total,536 HIV-positive pregnant women (628 pregnancies) were found,among which,334 pregnant women and 345 infants were enrolled in this study.Twenty-four infants were HIV-positive,which was 6.96％ in all infants (95％CI:4.27％-9.64％).The rates of mother-to-child HIV transmission without prevention,formula feeding only,infant medication plus formula feeding,mother and infant medication plus formula feeding were 35.71％ (95％CI:21.61％-51.93％),8.82％ (95％CI:2.08％-15.57％),7.41％ (95％CI:0.92％-24.22％),and0.48％ (95％CI:0.01％-2.64％),respectively.No antiretroviral medications during delivery (OR =14.484,95 ％CI:1.740-120.577,P=0.013),breastfeeding (OR=6.542,95％CI:2.416-17.713,P=0.000),and CD4-T lymphocyte count＜200 cells/μL during delivery (OR=3.060,95％CI:1.076-8.703,P=0.036) were independent risk factors of mother-to-child HIV transmission.Conclusions The rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission without prevention is high in Hubei Province,which can be significantly reduced by comprehensive interventions (mother and infant medication plus formula feeding).Thus,we should diagnose HIV-positive pregnant women as early as possible,and should give pregnant woman antiretroviral therapy plus infant medication and formula feeding to further reduce the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods:A total of eight databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and VIP Database, were systematically searched for cross-sectional studies on malnutrition in elderly diabetic patients published from the inception of the databases to September 13, 2023. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Data analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.Results:A total of 22 studies were included, involving 6 349 elderly diabetic patients. Results of the meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence of malnutrition in elderly patients with diabetes was 32.3% (95% CI: 0.21 to 0.43), and the prevalence of at-risk of malnutrition was 49.0% (95% CI: 0.31 to 0.67). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly diabetic patients with chronic complications (56.8%) was significantly higher than those without chronic complications (21.9%). Inpatients also showed a higher prevalence compared with outpatients and community (44.4%, 29.0%, and 18.5%, respectively). The prevalence of malnutrition as per mini-nutritional assessment scale was higher than that as per mini-nutritional assessment short-form scale (35.8% vs. 23.3%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly diabetic patients of different genders ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The prevalence of malnutrition and at-risk of malnutrition in elderly diabetic patients is high. In clinical practice, we should not only strengthen the early diagnosis of malnutrition in patients, but also emphasize the screening of malnutrition risk, implement timely corresponding interventions, and promote patient education on nutrition and health, to improve the prognosis and quality of life in elderly diabetes patients.