Objective:To explore the protective effect and mechanism of Tetramethy1Pyrazine (TMP) on the pancreas function of acute pancreatitis rats. Methods:A total of 75 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, C) with 25 rats in each group. Group A served as sham operation group. In the groups B and C, AP model was prepared as by injecting taurocholic acid sodium. Group B was model group. After modeling, rats were administrated by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline. Group C was TMP treatment group, which was administrated by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6%TMP after modeling. The rat blood specimens in each group were collected with 1 mL/100 g solution after modeling of 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. Levels of amylase (AMS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CR), TNF-α and IL-6 were detected, and 5 rats were sacrificed. Histopathological examination was performed in he pancreatic tissue specimens of each group to observe pancreatic tissue damage. Results:After modeling in each time point, AMS, BUN, CR, TNF-α and IL-6 in groups B and C were significantly higher than that of in group A (P<0.05). After modeling of 2 h, AMS, BUN and CR in group B increased significantly and reached the peak value at 6 h. After modeling of 12 h, serum level of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower than that of in control group, while after 24 h of modeling, serum level of AMS, BUN, CR, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower than that of in control group (P<0.05). The histological observation showed that pancreatic tissue in rats of group A was normal without damage lesions. Massive bleeding, necrosis and serious injury were visible in pancreatic tissue of group B. The rat pancreatic tissue was bleeding in group C with small pieces of necrotic lesions. The degree of inflammatory cell infiltration was lower than group B, and the degree of injury was significantly lower than group B. Conclusions:TMP can significantly decrease the serum level of TNF-α and IL-6 in AP rats, inhibits inflammatory response of AP, and has significant protective effect on pancreatic tissue and function in AP rats.