Autophagy is an important homeostatic cellular recycling mechanism responsible for degrading injured or dysfunctional cellular organelles and proteins in all living cells. Aging is a universal phenomenon characterized by progressive deterioration of cells and organs due to accumulation of macromolecular and organelle damage. Growing evidences indicate that the rate of autophagosome formation and maturation and the efficiency of autophagosome/lysosome fusion decline with age. Dysfunctional autophagy has also been observed in age-related diseases. Autophagy disruption resulted accumulation of mutated or misfolded proteins is the essential feature of neurodegenerative disorders. However, in cancers, fibroproliferative diseases or cardiovascular diseases, autophagy can play either a protective or destructive role in different types of disease, and even in different stages of the same disease. The review will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its important role in the pathogenesis of aging and age-related diseases, and the ongoing drug discovery strategies for therapeutic intervention.

TLR2 activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, tumor carcinogenesis and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. To establish a TLR2 receptor-based cell screening model, NF-kappaB promoter-driven luciferase reporter plasmids were transfected into human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) stably expressing human TLR2 and co-receptors CD14, TLR1 and TLR6. Single clones were then isolated and characterized. Using this screening system, a human TLR2-binding peptide C8 was obtained from the Ph.D.-7 Phage Display Peptide Library through biopanning and rapid analysis of selective interactive ligands (BRASIL). The binding characteristic of C8 with human TLR2 was evaluated by ELISA, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The NF-kappaB luciferase activity assay showed that C8 could activate the TLR2/TLR1 signaling pathway and induce the production of cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6. In conclusion, the TLR2 receptor-based cell screening system is successfully established and a new TLR2-binding peptide is identified by using this system.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of resveratrol on the expression of SIRT1,the activity of eNOS and the secretion of NO of highlipid cultured primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC).METHODS: HUVEC were divided into normal control group,highlipid group and highlipid+resveratrol group,cultured for 24 hours.The expression of SIRT1 mRNA and protein were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot methods.Supernatant were used to analyze the nitric oxide(NO) content and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS).RESULTS: Compared with highlipid group,resveratrol group increased the expression of SIRT1 mRNA and protein,the activity of eNOS and the secretion of NO(P

Objective To explore the toxic effect of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-αantisense oligonucleotide (αASODN) on the retina. Methods Twenty-four healthy adult colored rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups in six for each group. Intravitreous injections of 0.1ml different density diluents containing PDGFR-αASODN and liposome were performed in the right eyes in 3 groups. The other group was injected with 0.1 mL balanced salt solution (BSS) as the control group. The left eyes of all animals were not rejected. Slit lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy and electroretinogram (ERG) examination were performed at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days after the injection. On the day 28, the right eyes were harvested, and HE、immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy of retinal tissue were performed . Results The slit lamp, indirect ophthalmoscope examination of all groups were normal in each time. ERG examination yielded no difference in the amplitude of b wave between the treated groups and the normal control group. Pathological changes of the retinal tissue were not observed in the examinations of HE and immunohistochemical at the day 28 after injection. Electron microscope observation of retinal photoreceptor cells in the group D showed the parts of gaps between membranous discs were expanding, parts of were fusing, a few of clearances around cell nucleus were slightly enlarged,and the shapes of the cell nucleus were slightly irregular. Conclusions To inject 0.1 mL PDGFR-αASODN/lip2000 into the vitreous chamber, PDGFR-αASODN can be relatively safe when its concentration is less than 1.5μmol/L.

Molecularly imprinted polymers for dimethoate recognition were synthesized by the precipitation polymerization technique using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker. The morphology, adsorption and recognition properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), static adsorption test, and competitive adsorption test. To obtain the best selectivity and binding performance, the synthesis and adsorption conditions of MIPs were optimized through single factor experiments. Under the optimized conditions, the resultant polymers exhibited uniform size, satisfactory binding capacity and significant selectivity. Furthermore, the imprinted polymers were successfully applied as a specific solid-phase extractants combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for determination of dimethoate residues in the cucumber samples. The average recoveries of three spiked samples ranged from 78.5% to 87.9% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 4.4% and the limit of detection (LOD) obtained for dimethoate as low as 2.3μg/mL.

It is important to design a long-period transparent bioactive material for corneal repair in the process of corneal tissue renovation. This article discusses the silk fibroin and formamide blend membranes as a corneal stroma repair material. Silk fibroin solution was mixed with formamide in different proportions to obtain insoluble transparent silk fibroin film by casting method. The blending membranes had excellent mechanical properties, cell compatibility and long-term transparent properties. Rabbit corneal stromal cells were seeded on the sterilized composite films. The rate of cell surface adhesion was over 90% after cells were placed on it for 5 hours. When cells were seeded on blend membranes from one day to seven days, Alma Blue was added to complete medium. Compared with the cell culture plate, there was no significant difference in cell proliferation on formamide/silk films. The results indicated that formamide/silk films might be used as a corneal stroma repair material and worth of further investigatinn
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Proliferation ; Cornea ; cytology ; Fibroins ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Regeneration

Objective To investigate the breeding quantity and average breeding density of Gohieria fuscus in the grand dust flour of a flourmill and explore the prevention and control measures. Methods A certain amount of grand dust flour was collect-ed from a flourmill,and it was sieved. The powder was placed into the glass pan,and the mites were sought out under an optical microscope and made of specimens. The mites were identified on the basis of literature. Results In this survey,400 g samples were collected from 4 habitats. The average breeding density of mites was 3516/g. The mite was identified as Gohieria fuscus. Conclusions Gohieria fuscus is one of the widely distributed stored mites. It impacts the stored food and reduces the quality of food. In addition,the mite affects human health. Therefore,the preventive measures should be taken.

The paper introduces the innovative service modes of the hospital tibrary under the Intemet +environment,including the mode of innovative service for medical personnel on one hand,namely medical personnel oriented mobile information service,embedded service,personalized service and fragmented service and the mode of innovative service for patients on the other hand,including new technologies,humanization,etc..

Objective To evaluate the value of the 7-joint ultrasound score (US7) in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with Chinese and western medicine.Methods A total of 160 RA patients were divided into 2 groups based on different methods of treatment,including Yi Shen Qing Luo (YSQL) group and western medicine group.The patients were examined by grey scale ultrasound (GSUS) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) with US7 at baseline and after 3 and 6 months later.There were 7 related joints and 5 single factors for scoring in US7 system.The joints included the wrist joints,the second/third metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP Ⅱ/Ⅲ),the second/third proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP Ⅱ / Ⅲ) and the second/fifth metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP Ⅱ/Ⅴ).And the factors included synovitis of GSUS,synovitis of PDUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of GSUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of PDUS and bone erosion (ES).Meanwhile,the laboratory index included C-reactive protein (C-RP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were examined.And the clinical indexes as disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) were evaluated.Results The statistical differences of synovitis of GSUS,synovitis of PDUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of GSUS and myotenositis/tenosynovitis of PDUS scores in US7 system were found in both 2 groups at baseline,3 months and 6 months after treatment (all P＜0.01).There was no statistical difference of ES before and after treatment in all cases (P＞0.05).The factors of US7 were positively correlated with DAS28,C-RP and ESR in different extent.Condusion US7 is a viable tool for examining patients with RA.

Objective To investigate the clinic characteristics of hepatosplenic γδT cell lymphoma (γδ HSTCL) and analyze the important role of morphology,immunology,cytogenetics and molecular(MICM) in the early diagnosis of γδHSTCL.Methods The clinical features of MICM of a rare case of childhood γδHSTCL had been analyzed,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results Bone marrow aspiration showed approximately 0.365 abnormal cells infiltrated.The immune phenotype analysis displayed 0.245 of the nuclear cells were abnormal ones,which possessed CD2/CD3/CD7/CD19/CD3s/cCD3 and TCRγδ expression.The immunohistochemical staining of spleen tissues showed clusters of differentiation (CD) 3/CD45 RO/CD8/Cytotoxic-granule associated protein (TIA-1)/leukocyte common antigen (LCA)/Granzyme B positive,CD4/CD20/T cell receptor (TCR) β/CD79 α/CD30/terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase (TdT) /CD10/ myeloperoxidase (MPO)/anaplasticlymphoma kinase (ALK) negative and 80.00％ of tumor cells displayed Ki-67 positive.The detection of spleen tissues by flow cytometry displayed that 72.26％ of the karyocytes were lymphocytes,with 88.90％ T lymphocytes.And 92.09％ of the T lymphocytes showed Ki-67/CD7dim,TCRγδ/CD2/CD8/CD34 positive,and TCRαβ/CD5/CD4/CD56 negative.And about 59.16％ of these karyocytes were abnormally matured T lymphocytes.The cytogenetic karyotype of bone marrow showed 46,XY.The detection of T cell receptor gene rearrangement showed TCRβ,TCRγ and TCRδ positive.The patient had been given prednisone of 60 mg/m2 when the diagnosis of γδHSTCL affirmed.But his parents discontinued chemotherapy for him and died.Conclusions MICM has shown a significant value in the diagnosis of γδHSTCL,a rare lymphoma in childhood.