Childhood asthma and obesity are significant public health problems all over the world.In the past decades,the prevalence of both diseases has increased considerably.Because both asthma and obesity appear to have their beginnings in early childhood,common exposures that predispose individuals to both conditions may explain how they are associated.These exposures include common genetic predictors,prenatal exposure to specific nutrients and overall maternal nutrition, colonization patterns of the neonatal and infant gut,birth weight and infant weight gain,and sedentary behaviors in early life.

Medical art are essential in consumer health education,facilitating consumers to un-derstand medical concepts,invisible body parts and complex pathology. This paper reviewed the origin and development medical arts,analyzed the characteristics of medical arts specific for consumers rather than professionals,and discussed the opportunities and challenges of medical arts in internet era.

Deletions,insertions,duplications,and complex multi-site variants,now formally termed copy number variations(CNVs),are regions larger than 1 kb that are present with variable copy numbers in comparison with the reference genome.CNVs in humans and other mammals are associated with a series of complex genetic diseases including congenital heart disease.The studies of CNVs have become hot topics.This review mainly discusses the principle of CNVs,the detection techniques and CNVs in the pathogenesis of congenital heart

The present situation of data acquisition of principal diagnosis on front page were introduced and analyzed,the importance of selection and filling out the principal diagnosis on from page were expounded.Meanwhile,how to select the principal diagnosis correctly,clear and definite the definition of Principal Diagnosis,rule of selection of principal diagnosis were also introduced.Besides,some experience on how to select the principal diagnosis were presented.All of these,that analyzing the present situation and the problems of principal diagnosis,in order to assisting medical staff to select principal diagnosis correctly.

Objective: To investigate the understanding of other' s mind in children with autism in Beijing.Method: The instrument of this study was experimental test story. Results: Children with autism could understand other person' s physical and social desire, and predict behavior of others in accordance with desires. They basically unerstood other' s positive and negative emotions. However, they had a special difficult in understanding other' s cognitive mental states such as false belief. Concluslon: It indicated that the development of understanding other' s mental state is much more gradual and complex. Understandding other' s false belief is not all or nothing. The difference in understanding other's false belief between children with autism is not absolute, but relative.

Objective To observe the effect of enzymes-hydrolyzed wheat bran(EHWB) on antioxidant system in diabetic rats.Methods Diabetes mellitus models were induced by alloxan injection and EHWB was used to test its effect on anti-oxidative capacity;the EHWB was given intragastrically(i.g.),sodium ferulate(SF) as a positive group.The level of blood glucose,total anti-oxidative capacity(T-AOC),the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and xanthine oxidase(XOD),and the content of malondiadehyde(MDA) were detected respectively in serum and liver of rats.Results EHWB significantly decreased the level of blood glucose and increased the level of T-AOC,as well as the activities of GSH-Px and SOD,and decreased the activity of XOD and the content of MDA.However,there was no difference between the groups feeding SF and EHWB.Conclusion EHWB can be used to decrease blood glucose and improve antioxidant ability in diabetes mellitus rats,the effect of EHWB is similar to SF.The effect of decreasing blood glucose of EHWB is related to protecting liver.

Objective:To discuss the bacteria detection before and after disinfection by using central negative pressure suction device terminal socket, reduce cross infection probability in hospitals and provide evidence for disinfection management specification. Methods:one hundred and thirty clinical central terminal devices with negative pressure were disinfected spirally with iodine swabs and among them, Department of respiration 48, Department of cerebral surgery 46, and Pediatrics 36, were sampled and sent to be cultured by clinical laboratory personnel before and after disinfection. The specimens were administered in a sterile blood AGAR plate culture medium, and the bacterial growth conditions were observed to detect the bacteria number as pollution standards. Results: The pollution rates of clinical equipment central pressure suction into the terminal socket after disinfection were: Department of respiration 8.33%; Department of cerebral surgery 6.52%; Pediatrics 5.56%, and the average pollution rate was 7.69%.The detected cases of pathogenic bacteria were gram-negative bacteria pollution, and contrasting the pollution rates before and after disinfection was statistically significant(x2=14.08, P<0.05). Conclusion: Using based iodine swabs disinfection central pressure suction mouth terminal socket can reduce the cross infection between the patients with risk and provide patients with safe medical environment.

Digoxin is the most frequently prescribed cardiac glucoside in pediatrics.Owing to its pharmacokinetics profile and narrow therapeutic index,some cases such as digoxin intoxication or dose insufficient are not rare.Recent evidence suggests that age,weight,hepatic and renal function,intestinal microbiome,drug interactions and others have influence on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin.So more attentions should be paid to the influencing factors mentioned above when digoxin concentration is monitored except observing intoxication to ensure rational drug use.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status quo and feature of the distribution rationality of licensed pharmacists in different regions in China in recent 2 years.METHODS: Using "per capita licensed pharmacists every ten thousand people" as index to contrast and analyze the distribution of licensed pharmacists.SPSS13.0 statistical analysis software was used to calculate the distribution Tail index(TI) of licensed pharmacists in the east,middle,and west regions of China taking population and GDP as weight.RESULTS: The distribution of licensed pharmacists in the east region in China was more intensive;TI was far greater when using population as weight than using GDP as weight,and all TI decreased in the past 2 years.CONCLUSIONS: The licensed pharmacists should be distributed rationally according to the practical demand on pharmaceutical care,and the government should intensify the education and training of licensed pharmacists in the middle and west regions of China.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo and the feature of licensed pharmacists in Hubei province to provide experimental reference and policy bases for the concerned governmental department in making decision about management regulations. METHODS: 486 licensed pharmacists who came to attend the continuing education were investigated by questionnaire survey and personal interview regarding their essential information, social approval, and attitude towards their profession etc. RESULTS: The obtained essential information of the licensed pharmacists in Hubei province revealed that the majority of them regarded that they failed to bring their role in into full play in their daily work and their social approval degree was low; as for attitude towards their profession, most of the interviewees responded that the evolvement of policy is the important factor to bring into the role of licensed pharmacists into full play, meanwhile they thought highly of the active role of continuing education. Different type of licensed pharmacists have different needs, to satisfy the diversified needs, a pertinent study is needed. CONCLUSION: The government should establish licensed pharmacists law as soon as possible to identify the legal position of licensed pharmacists and solve their orientation problem so as to bring their role into full play.