Objective To study the role of schizophrenia health education in intervening relapse of schizophrenia. Method 78 patients with schizaphrenia have been intervened by useing SHE about their staying in hospital and conditions out of hospitals after having recovered for three years, then compared with 85 schizophrenics receiving no SHE. Result It was clear that general rate of relapse in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The patients obey medication and recovery of social function in the study group were significanly better than that in the controlgroup. Conclusion The SHE plays an important role in intervening relapse of schizophrenia and improving complete rehabilitation of schizophrenic.

Objective To study the urea rebound after hemodialysis in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its impact factors. Methods From 124 stable MHD patients, blood samples were collected at the beginning, immediate post-hemodialysis, 15 minutes and 30 minutes after hemodialysis. The urea rebound was quantified, and its effect on URR and spKt/V was investigated. The impact factors on urea rebound were analyzed. Results In this group of patients, average post-hemodialytic urea rebound was 13.6%, leading to over-estimation of URR and spKt/V of 0.04 and 0.14, respectively. Hemodialysis efficiency expressed as K/V determined urea rebound most significantly. Other impact factors included higher hemoglobin, higher relative ultrafiltration, arteriovenous access, and male patients. Conclusions Urea rebound is common after the hemodialysis. For specific patients and hemodialysis sessions, ignoring it would result in significant over-estimation of delivered hemodialysis dose.

BACKGROUND: Revascularization is a challenge for the tissue-engineered bone carrying cells after implanted into human body. Previous studies have found that tanshinol can improve the functions of endothelial progenitor cells and exert vascular protective effects.OBJECTIVE: To prepare the β-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold with tanshinol coating, and to observe its cytocompatibility.METHODS: The β-TCP scaffolds coated with 10-7, 10-6 and 10-5 mol of tanshinol were constructed by negative pressure absorption method. The distribution of tanshinol coating on the scaffold was observed using scanning electron microscopy,and the inner ingredients were analyzed by infrared spectrum. Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) were cultured in the extracts of β-TCP and β-TCP scaffolds with 10-7, 10-6, 10-5 mol of tanshinol coatings, respectively. The cell proliferation was detected at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days of culture; the levels of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor in the supernatants were detected at 1, 7 and 14 days of culture; the lumen formation on the matrigel was observed after 14-day culture. hEPCs were respectively seeded onto the β-TCP and β-TCP scaffolds with different dosages of tanshinol coating,and then the cell growth was observed under scanning electron microscope at 7 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The tanshinol coating evenly distributed on the inner surface of the pores, and its crystalline structure became dense with dosage increasing. Infrared spectrum analysis revealed no changes in the characteristic absorption peak of tanshinol and TCP in the scaffold. The β-TCP scaffolds with tanshinol coating could promote the proliferation of hEPCs, especially the scaffolds with 10-6 and 10-5 mol tanshinol coating. Compared with the β-TCP scaffold, the scaffolds with 10-6 and 10-5 mol tanshinol coating significantly upregulated the nitric oxide level at 14 days of culture, and significantly increased the level of vascular endothelial growth factor at 7 and 14 days of culture (P <0.05). Although it could be found in all β-TCP scaffolds with tanshinol coating, the lumen formation was the maturest in the scaffold with 10-5 mol tanshinol coating. These results suggest the β-TCP scaffolds with tanshinol coating can promote the proliferation and endothelial differentiation of hEPCs, and hold a good cytocompatibility.

Objective To investigate the long-term outcome and prognostic factors of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Methods From February 2001 to December 2006, 419 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Cancer Center of Sun yatsen University received IMRT. The number of patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ disease was 28, 113, 202 and 76, respectively. In all, 182 and 237 patients received radiotherapy alone and chemoradiotherapy. The prescription doses were as follows:66-70 Gy/25 -30 f to GTV_(nx), 60 -64 Gy/25 -30 f to GTV_(nd), 55 -62 Gy/25 -30 f to CTV_1, and 42 -54 Gy/25 -30 f to CTV_2. Results The median follow-up time was 49 months (6 -94 months). The number of patients with follow-up of 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 419,360 and 166, respectively. Twenty-one, 13 and 57 patients had local recurrence, regional recurrence and distant metastasis, respectively. The 5-year local control (LC) rate, regional control (RC) rate and free from distant metastasis survival rate was 92.7%, 95.8% and 85.5%, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) was 76. 3% and 84.4%, respectively. In univariate analysis, T stage, primary tumor volume, N stage and volume of cervical nodes before treatment were significant predictors of DFS and DSS, favoring the patients with early T stage (84. 1% vs. 67.6% ,Χ~2 = 12. 16, P = 0. 000 : 92. 1% vs. 75. 1% ,Χ~2 = 14. 86 . P = 0. 000) , primary tumor volume less than 20 cm~3 (89. 1% vs. 62. 9% ,Χ~2 =14. 13,P=0.000;96.2% vs. 72. 1% ,Χ~2 =38. 76,P=0.000), early N stage (81.1% vs. 64. 5%, Χ~2 = 15.49, P = 0. 000; 87. 8% vs. 76. 1%, Χ~2 = 10. 89, P = 0. 001) and volume of cervical nodes less than 5 cm~3 (83. 3% vs. 68. 8%, Χ~2 = 14. 13, P = 0. 000 ; 90. 0% vs. 78. 1%, Χ~2 = 10. 71 ,P =0. 001). Multivariate analysis showed that primary tumor volume (Χ~2 = 26. 81, P = 0. 000 and Χ~2 = 28. 47, P = 0. 000) and N stage (Χ~2 = 4. 92, P = 0. 026 and Χ~2 = 9.50, P = 0. 002) were independent predictive factors for both DFS and DSS. No grade 4 acute and late toxicities were observed. In 243 patients with follow-up time more than 3 years, only 2. 8% suffered from grade 3 late toxicifies. Conclusions IMRT with or without chemotherapy can improve the long-term survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, especially in LC and RC. Distant metastasis becomes the main treatment failure. Primary tumor volume and N stage are significant prognostic factors. Acute and late toxicities are acceptable.

Objective To explore the risk factors of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and the its relationship with T cell subsets to provide a foundation for the prevention and treatment of PAH.Methods 154 maintained hemodialysis (MHD) patients in our dialysis center were recruited according to the criterion and divided into two groups subsequently:PAH group (pulmonary artery systolic pressure,PASP ＞ 35 mmHg) and non-PAH group (PASP≤35 mmHg).The related clinical,biochemical and ultrasonic cardiogram data were collected and peripheral blood was acquired to detect the expressions of the surface antigen CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD69 with flow cytometry.Logistic regression analysis was used to find out the relationship between PAH and T cell subsets.Results There was no significant difference between 56 cases of PAH and 98 cases of non-PAH as regards gender,age,mean systolic and diastolic pressure,dialysis durations,morbidities of hypertension and diabetes,smoking rate,and left ventricular diameter.Compared with the non-PAH group,the PAH group demonstrated a lower percent of CD8 T cells and CD8 CD69 T cells,but a much higher left atrial diameter (LAD),Interventricular septum thickness,left ventricular posterior wall thickness,and NT-proBNP.The percentage of T cells,CD4 T cells and CD4 CD69 T cells showed no difference between the two groups.Multivariate analysis confirmed that PAH was negatively independently associated with the percentage of CD8 T cells and CD8CD69 T cells.Conclusions The decreased percentage of CD8 T cells and CD8CD69 T cells in the peripheral blood is a risk factor of PAH in maintained hemodialysis patients,and CD8 T cells may play an important role in the genesis of PAH.

Liver biopsy is an important means of clinical diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, but it is not easily accepted by patients because of its invasiveness. The most commonly employed liver biopsy approaches are percutaneous or transjugular. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy (EUS-LB), a newly emerging transjugular technique, has been widely studied and applied in recent years, but its application in China is less common. The EUS-LB has the advantages of high safety and comfort, simultaneous sampling of both liver lobes, and adequate sampling volume; however, it also has the disadvantages of high requirements for hardware, operators, and cost. This article reviews the clinical application of EUS-LB in accordance with pertinent research findings from recent years and discusses its advantages, disadvantages, and implementation feasibility.

This article reports a case using China's self-developed HaloStitch? system to complete a percutaneous suture-mediated patent foramen ovale closure under ultrasound guidance alone,achieving outstanding clinical outcomes.This innovative method represents a new approach to patent foramen ovale treatment and is an ideal surgical technique.