Objective To analyze the epidemiology of the emergency medical service in Urumqi City in 2011.Methods All patients from 120-Ambulance Center of Urumqi City admitted from January 1,2011 through December 30,2011 were enrolled for prospective study.Descriptive analysis the gender,age,race,underlying diseases,the peak of calling,the time taken by ambulance and so on.Results The 120-Ambulance Center answered overall 53786 callings,the callings of effective answer were 47260,while the ineffective answers were 6526 accounting for 13.8％,and the average number of answer per day was 147.The ratio of male to female was 1.61:1 ; the number of callings from Han nationality was predominant accounting for 68.87％ (37043 callings),and the number of callings from Weiwuer nationality was next to that from Han nationality.The five most common emergency problems were traffic injury,acute cardiovascular diseases,cerebro-vascular diseases,trauma and poisoning.There was no significant difference in monthly number of emergency cases during the 12 months of 2011,and the average monthly number of emergency cases was ranged in 2500-3500.The peak time of answering occurred in 10:00 am-13:00 pm、16:00 pm-18:00 pm、21:00 pm-24:00 pm; the ages of patients were dominant in the population of 20-29 years old、30-39 years old and 70-79 years old.Conclusions We should lay the emphasis on the most common diseases,the peak of answering,and the most vulnerable population,in order to come across with the theoretical and practical evidence to the relevant public health bureau for the improvement of transport mode carried out by 120-Ambulance Center in Urumqi City.

BACKGROUND:The quantity and function reduction of circulating endothelial progenitor cells(CEPCs)indicate that vascular endothelial repair capacity reduces in hypertension patients,but the impact of statins on the CEPCs is still not very clear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin calcium on endothelial cells and CEPCs in renovascular hypertensive rats.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in Chongqing Key Laboratory ofNeurology from June 2008 to Febmary 2009.MATERIALS:Totally 24 SD male rats of SPF grade,and atorvastatin calcium was produced by Lipitor,Pfizer Inc.with batch number of 65837003.METHODS:The renovascular hypertension was induced with 2-kindey and 1-clip method in 16 SD rats,which were then randomly divided into two groups:hypertensive group(n=8)and statins group(n=8).control group(n=8)underwent the same operation,without silver slip.At 4 weeks after model construction,statins group was treated with atorvastatin calcium MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment.three groups of rats were measured blood pressure and blood lipids;at 12 weeks,the thoracic aortic endothelial cells continuity was investigated through hematoxylin-eosin stain;the quantity,proliferation,adhesion and migration capacity of CEPCs were determined.RESULTS:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment,there was no significant differences in the systolic pressure between statins RESULTS:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment,there was no significant differences in the systolic pressure between statins group group and model group,which were dramatically high than control group(P＞0.01):the blood lipids in the statins group was not changed.In the model group,rat aortic endothelial cells were greatly damaged;the injury of CEPCs was dramatically relieved in the model group.Compared with statins group and control group,the number of CEPCs was significantly decreased,the capacities of proliferation,adhesion and migration were also significantly reduced in the model group(P＜0.01);moreover,statins group was inferior to control group in terms of these capacities.with significant differences among three groups(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Renovascular hypertensive rats thoracic aortic endothelial calls are severely damaged,CEPCs decline in the humber and function;atorvastatin calcium can increase the number of CEPCs and improve the function of CEPCs.

Objective To study the pattern of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in different part of colorectal cancer and its relation to patients' prognosis. Methods The expression of PCNA and Fas protein were investigated by immunohistochemistry in cancer mucosa, cancer adjacent mucosa and cancer distant mucosa of 76 cases of colorectal cancer, and the patients prognosis were investigated too. Results The PCNA expression in cancer mucosa is significantly higher than that in cancer adjacent tissue(P

AIM: To investigate the effects of atorvastatin calcium on vascular endothelial cells and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) in hypertensive rats. METHODS: Renal hypertension rat model was constructed with two-kidney-one-clip technique. Twenty-four male SD rats were randomized into hypertension group, statins group and sham-operated group (n=8 each). On the 4th week, the animals in statins group were injected with 20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) atorvastatin calcium intra-abdominally for 8 weeks. Blood pressure and blood lipid were measured at 4th and 12th week post-operation. On the 12th week, scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the damage of aortic endothelial cells. The circulatory endothelial cell count, CEPCs count, CEPCs proliferation ability, CEPCs adhesion ability and CEPCs apoptosis were also measured. RESULTS: The injury of endothelial cells in statins group was observed, milder than that in hypertension group, but worsen than that in sham-operated group. The numbers of circulatory endothelial cells in hypertension group, statin treatment group and sham-operated group were 5.9×10~6, 3.9×10~6 and 2.0×10~6 respectively, and the CEPCs apoptosis rate was 22.1%±2.1%, 13.4%±1.6 %and 7.4%±1.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the numbers of CEPCs were 21.63±2.33, 40.38±6.00 and 65.38±2.97, respectively, the proliferative abilities of CEPCs were 0.13±0.01, 0.17±0.01 and 0.29±0.03, respectively, and the adhesion of CEPCs was 12.25±2.49, 21.50±2.20 and 28.88±2.85, respectively. CONCLUSION: (1) The severity of vascular endothelial cell injury is related to hypertension states. (2) Atorvastatin calcium has direct protective effects on endothelial cells, possibly through increasing CEPCs count, reducing CEPCs apoptosis and markedly enhancing reparation ability of CEPCs to endothelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Being a traditional Chinese herb, huangqi (astragalus membranaceus) resists free radical, enhances immunity, promotes microcirculation and protects vascular endothelial cell and nervous system; of which, the protection of huangqi (astragalus membranaceus) on nervous vessel is related to its regulation on local cerebral cortical blood flow rate. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of huangqi (astragalus membranaceus) on local cerebral cortical blood flow rate after traumatic injury. DESIGN: Randomized paired experiment.SETTING: Neurological Surgical Institute of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Traumatic Experimental Room of Neurological Surgical Institute of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from February to May 2000, in which, 75 healthy male SD rats were employed and randomized into the control (5 rats), saline control (35 rats) and experimental group (35 rats). The latter two groups were subdivided into 7 time spots of 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after traumatic injury, 5 rats were involved in each spot.METHODS: In normal control, the model was not prepared and in the other two groups, the modified Feeney's method was used to establish craniocerebral traumatic model. In experimental group, right after injury, huangqi injection (5 g/kg) was applied abdominally and in saline control, physiological saline 0.5 mL was injected abdominally. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: It was to determine the blood flow rates in local cerebral cortex at corresponding time spots after traumatic injury. Fenestration was done in normal control for direct determination. RESULTS: By supplemented, 75 rats entered result analysis. Blood flow rates in local cerebral cortex: the rate in saline control 1 hour after trauma was lower than the control [(6.90±0.68), (7.94±0.65), P < 0.05], it was de creased to the minimum in 24 hours and began increasing in 48 hours [(5.86±0.61), (6.15±0.60)]; the rate in experimental group at every time spot was higher than saline control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Huangqi (astragalus membranaceus) increases remark ably blood flow rate in local cerebral cortex, which is associated with its neurovascular protection.

Objective To explore whether an excessive accumulation of lipids is involved in the suppression of β cell proliferation and to determine the role of glucose in this experiment. Methods The proliferation of the Ins-1E cells was studied by 3H-thymidine incorporation. The accumulation of fatty acids in beta cells was studied by 3H-palmitate incorporation. Using Taqman real-time RT-PCR, we measured the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) gene. Results As compared with 3.3 mmol/L glucose, the 6.6 mmol/L and 11 mmol/L glucose increased the cell proliferation by 2.27 and 3.04 folds (P<0.05), and the supplemented 0.4 mmol/L palmitate blunted the glucose-induced cell proliferation (1.1 and 0.86 fold, at 6.6 and 11 mmol/L glucose, respectively). With increasing glucose levels, the incorporation of palmitate was augmented,which ranged from 15% to 92%. Wy 14 643 and Triacsin C alleviated the palmitate-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and reduced the incorporation of palmitate. Glucose did not change the expression of CPT-1 gene, but inhibited the palmitate-induced expression in a dose dependent manner. Conclusions The FA-stimulated CPT-1 gene expression is inhibited by glucose, which increases the FA accumulation in β cells and inhibits their proliferation. This could be underlying the mechanism of glucose-dependent lipotoxicity.

Objective To establish a quality standard of Shutongantai Capsules. Methods Thermo C18 column was used with methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength was 254 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results Emodin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.016-0.080 μg (r=0.999 6). Chrysophanol showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.032-0.160 μg (r=0.999 8). Conclusion The established method is simple, feasible and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Shutongantai Capsules.

Objective To study the epidemiological patterns of HIV infection prevalent in HongKong.Method The epidemiological patterns of HIV infection in HongKong were analyzed with a mathematic model SI by changing its initial condition,which was used to test the related data.Results The changeable patterns of susceptible accumulative numbers of HIV infection in HongKong and the epidemiological curves and the curve of infection velocity were obtained.Conclusion The epidemic pattern of HIV infection in Hongkong and local infection velocity from 1987 to 2004 were well described using the epidemic model SI.An accumulation of 2 733 cases of HIV infection will be predicted in the year of 2005.The epidemic peak occurred in 2002 to 2004 and the overall HIV epidemic will last for 50 years approximately.

Objective To investigate the effect of different PEEP levels on stroke volume variation (SVV) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with mechanical ventilation for predicting cardiac pre-load and the changes of hemodynamics.Methods Thirty critical patients with ARDS met the new criteria in 2012 set at European Berlin were enrolled in this study with measured values (MV) in EICU from September 2012 to October 2013.The changes in SVV and cardiac output (CO) monitored with Vigileo system were determined at different selected PEEE levels of 5,7,9,11,13,15 mmHg.At the same time,MAP and CVP were measured.Results Variation of PEEP levels led to a significant changes in SVV,CO (P ＜ 0.01).However,there were no significant differences in MAP (P =0.933).Changes of SVV induced by high PEEP showed a S shape rise,but there were no differences between groups PEEP 5 and PEEP 7,and as well as between groups PEEP 13 and PEEP 15 (P ＜0.05).The changes of CO showed a downtrend decline with the increase in PEEP levels.When PEEP was set at 13 mmHg and higher,the value of SVV denoted pre-load insufficiency.When PEEP was set at 11 mmHg or higher,cardiac output decreased.CVP could not predict the changes of pre-load.Conclusion Increase in PEEP levels can significantly reduce the cardiac pre-load.SVV can be a useful indicator of the changes in cardiac pre-load induced by high PEEP,suggesting fluid replacement necessary in time.

Objective To build a method for determination of berberine, epiberberine, coptisine and palmatine in Shutongantai Capsules by HPLC.Methods Thermo C18 column (5μm, 4.0 mm× 250 mm) was used with acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (50∶50, 0.4 g sodium dodecyl sulfate was added in each 100 mL solution, to adjust the pH 4.0 with phosphoric acid) as mobile phase;the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;detection wavelength was 345 nm;column temperature was 30℃.Results Berberine hydrochloride showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.180 34-0.901 68μg (r=0.999 8).Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Shutongantai Capsules.